ABSTRACT
Extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma (EES) is a relatively uncommon primary tumor of the soft tissues, which accounts for 20-30% of all reported cases of ES. Being uncommon, all members of the ES family tumors are treated following the same general protocol of sarcoma tumors. The present review summarizes the diagnosis, management and prognosis of EES, focusing on the differences between the subtypes of ESS. The clinical features and imaging of EES are also discussed. Magnetic resonance imaging is the modality of choice for diagnostic imaging and local staging, while core-needle biopsy with pathological testing is used to obtain a definitive diagnosis. Although several oncology groups endorse that ES family of tumors should be treated with similar algorithm and protocols, some studies have demonstrated that surgery and radiotherapy may be used as a form of local control. However, further studies are required to conclude the optimum treatment option for EES.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Distal tibia fractures are among the most common bony injuries, with a significant rate of nonunion and delayed union. There are multiple methods for the management of distal tibia fractures. Among the plating methods, there are bridge plating and compression plating techniques. There is still a lack of evidence about whether one method has a higher rate of union than the other. The present study aimed to assess the union rate of extra-articular distal tibia fractures using biological fixation with bridge plating and rigid fixation with compression plating. METHODS: This retrospective analysis was performed on 41 adult patients with distal tibia fractures. The subjects were divided into two groups based on the fixation method, namely bridge plating and compression plating. Baseline characteristics, fracture characteristics, and union status were analyzed and compared in this study. RESULTS: Baseline and fracture characteristics were similar between the groups. Only higher translation in any planes was noted in the bridge plating group (2.80±3.04 mm; P<0.001). As for union status, the rates of the union during 3 months and delayed/no union were similar between the two groups (P=0.18). During a 6-month follow-up, 92% and 93.8% of the patients achieved union in the bridge plating and compression plating groups, respectively. CONCLUSION: Rates of delayed union and nonunion are similar regarding extra-articular distal tibia fractures treated with either bridge plating or compression plating.
