ABSTRACT
We report a case of oesophageal lichen planus, a rare entity which causes dysphagia and odynophagia, mainly in adult females.
Subject(s)
Deglutition Disorders/etiology , Lichen Planus/complications , Pain/etiology , Adult , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use , Esophagus , Female , Humans , Lichen Planus/drug therapy , Lichen Planus/pathology , Mucous Membrane , Prednisone/therapeutic use , Proton Pump Inhibitors/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Duodenal duplication cysts are rare congenital anomalies that can cause acute pancreatitis. Pancreas divisum is also a congenital anomaly, often discovered incidentally, but is considered a possible cause of acute pancreatitis. We report the case of the combination of both anomalies causing recurrent episodes of acute pancreatitis in a young man. Endoscopic treatment by partial excision of the cyst with a polypectomy snare and sphincterotomy of the minor papilla was successful.
Subject(s)
Abnormalities, Multiple , Cysts/complications , Duodenal Diseases/complications , Duodenum/abnormalities , Pancreas/abnormalities , Pancreatitis/etiology , Acute Disease , Cysts/diagnosis , Cysts/therapy , Duodenal Diseases/diagnosis , Duodenal Diseases/therapy , Humans , Male , Pancreatitis/diagnosis , Pancreatitis/therapy , Recurrence , Young AdultABSTRACT
HCV genotype 5 (HCV-5) is the least known HCV genotype. It is found mainly in South Africa and in restricted areas of Belgium, Spain, France, Syria and Greece. Sporadic cases are reported worldwide. The main modes of transmission are blood transfusion and iatrogenic causes. Little is known about its origin, but various studies have elucidated its spread worldwide. In endemic areas, patients infected with HCV-5 are on average older and have a higher viral load and more advanced fibrosis than those infected with non-HCV-5 genotypes.The current standard of care for HCV-5 chronic infection is 48 weeks of dual therapy with pegylated interferon plus ribavirin. 'Favourable' Il28B polymorphisms are not associated with higher sustained viral response rates. Assessment of shorter duration of therapy is made difficult by the lack of identifiable baseline predictors of response. Whilst there are in vitro data showing good activity of some direct-acting antivirals and of host-targeted agents against HCV-5, no clinical trials of these molecules have yet started.
