Subject(s)
Cataract/etiology , Kidney Failure, Chronic/complications , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Renal Dialysis/adverse effectsABSTRACT
Forty sudanese renal allograft recipients were followed up at Soba University Hospital (SUH), Khartoum, Sudan, for varying periods between January 1978 and October 1985 accruing 1417 patient-months of observation. 21 transplant operations were done in United Kingdom, 11 in Kuwait, 1 in Sudan, while the rest were done in other European and Arab countries. There were 27 males and 13 females with the age ranging between 10 and 48 years with a mean of 30.15. Thirty eight patients received live related (LR) donor kidneys and two were transplanted with cadaver kidneys. Four patients had a second graft because of early loss of the first. Seven patients died, 3 because of chronic rejection, 3 had severe intractable diarrhoea and one died because of an unrelated cause. The 30 patients who had their transplantation 2 years ago or more were studied for the 2-year survival. Twenty seven of these were alive and well with functioning grafts giving a patient and graft survival of 90%. The complications encountered are discussed.
Subject(s)
Kidney Failure, Chronic/surgery , Kidney Transplantation , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Incidence , Kidney Failure, Chronic/epidemiology , Kidney Failure, Chronic/mortality , Male , Middle Aged , Sudan , Transplantation, HomologousABSTRACT
A study of the clinical presentation and conceivable causes of chronic renal failure (CRF) in 61 Sudanese patients in Khartoum is presented. The clinical features involved almost all the systems, however, gastrointestinal and cardiovascular signs and symptoms predominated. The causes of chronic renal failure in Sudan and Sweden are also studied for comparison. The causes of CRF in Sudan are chronic glomerulonephritis, obstructive nephropathy (stone disease), hypertension and diabetes mellitus in that order. The main causes of CRF in Sweden are chronic glomerulonephritis, diabetes mellitus and chronic pyelonephritis. Of the 61 Sudanese patients 16 have kidney transplants, only one in Sudan, three patients are on regular hemodialysis, nine patients are on intermittent peritoneal dialysis, 16 are on conservative treatment and 17 died during the course of treatment.
Subject(s)
Kidney Failure, Chronic/complications , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Creatinine/blood , Epistaxis/etiology , Female , Humans , Hypertension, Renal/etiology , Kidney Failure, Chronic/epidemiology , Kidney Failure, Chronic/etiology , Kidney Failure, Chronic/mortality , Male , Middle Aged , Peripheral Nervous System Diseases/etiology , Pruritus/etiology , Sex Factors , Sudan , Sweden , Urea/bloodABSTRACT
A pregnant Sudanese woman contracted pharyngeal diphtheria during the first trimester of gestation. She had a severe diphtheritic toxaemia and paralysis of all four limbs but made a full recovery from these manifestations. Pregnancy, apart from vaginal bleeding, was not interrupted. At term she was delivered of a female baby who was physically normal but had a very high level of IgA in cord blood. Diphtheria in adults is a rare disease and the occurrence of diphtheria in a pregnant woman has not, as yet, been reported. Accordingly it is not known how fetal growth and development progress in the presence of diphtheria toxin in the maternal circulation. Similarly the effects on fetal immune responses of an acute maternal infection like diphtheria occurring in early pregnancy are not known.
