Pigmented dentinogenic ghost cell tumor: a unique case report and a review of the literature.

Dentinogenic ghost cell tumors are rare tumors, and few cases of them were reported in the literature. The presence of pigment in odontogenic lesions is a rare unexplained histological finding. In this report, we describe a unique case of a 7-year-old girl that was referred to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery complaining of a left mandibular swelling. Clinical examination revealed a huge, ulcerated mass. Both incisional and excisional biopsies revealed a benign infiltrative odontogenic tumor with admixed ameloblast-like cells and pigmented ghost cells, consistent with a pigmented dentinogenic ghost cell tumor. To the best of our knowledge, this is the youngest case of intraosseous dentinogenic ghost cell tumor reported in the English literature and the second report of a pigmented variant. This rare variant should be included in the differential of pigmented odontogenic lesions to avoid misinterpretation, especially in small biopsies.

New Eco-Friendly Phosphorus Organic Polymers as Gas Storage Media.

Three phosphate esters 1⁻3 were successfully synthesized from the reaction of 2-, 3- and 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde with phosphoryl chloride. Reactions of 1⁻3 with benzidine in the presence of glacial acetic acid gave the corresponding novel phosphorus organic polymers 4⁻6 containing the azomethane linkage. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance and elemental analysis. Interesting physiochemical properties for the polymeric materials 4⁻6 were observed using a combination of several techniques such as gel permeation chromatography, scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer⁻Emmett⁻Teller and nitrogen adsorption⁻desorption isotherm, Barrett⁻Joyner⁻Halenda and H-sorb 2600 analyzer. The mesoporous polymers 4⁻6 exhibit tunable porosity with Brunauer⁻Emmett⁻Teller surface area (SABET = 24.8⁻30 m²·g⁻1), pore volume (0.03⁻0.05 cm³·g⁻1) and narrow pore size distribution, in which the average pore size was 2.4⁻2.8 nm. Polymers 4⁻6 were found to have high gas storage capacity and physico-chemical stability, particularly at a high pressure. At 323 K and 50 bars, polymers 4⁻6 have remarkable carbon dioxide uptake (up to 82.1 cm³·g⁻1) and a low hydrogen uptake (up to 7.4 cm³·g⁻1). The adsorption capacity of gasses for polymer 5 was found to be higher than those for polymers 4 and 6.

Friendly Skulls, Mechanical Bodies: Encounters with Cadavers in a Medical School in Egypt.

Anatomy and cadavers trigger fear and produce contradictory responses. In these circumstances, allegedly Western models of learning and the exposure to death have to be appropriated to become viable. Furthermore, references to the religious and cultural backgrounds of students shape their responses. According to students, death is an event when the deceased acquires supernatural powers; thus, they take shield in religion to ward off potential dangers caused by spirits. The exposure to the interior of the body also produces heightened feelings of religiosity and perceiving the body as a miracle. Befriending skulls and body parts and giving them names are strategies to humanize dead bodies and render them familiar. However, in order to legitimize working with cadavers and the dissection of bodies, students tend to dehumanize cadavers and observe them as mechanical objects.