ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Visfatin is a hormone discovered in fat cells and is directly related to diabetes. We aimed to investigate the relationship between intrauterine growth pattern and serum visfatin concentrations in full-term infants at birth and at 6 months of life. METHODS: Cord blood visfatin concentrations were assessed in 90 full-term neonates enrolled into; Group I: 30 appropriate for gestational age (AGA) neonates to healthy mothers, Group II: 30 intra-uterine growth restricted (IUGR) neonates, 19 were born to mothers with pre-eclampsia, Group III: 30 large for gestational age (LGA) neonates, 16 were infants of diabetic mothers (IDMs). Neonates were followed up at six months of age for visfatin concentrations. RESULTS: Cord blood visfatin concentrations were increased in IUGR compared to AGA group (pâ=â0.002). Cord blood visfatin concentrations were increased in LGA compared to AGA and IUGR groups (Pâ< â0.001, Pâ< â0.001). Cord blood visfatin concentrations were positively correlated to birth weight in AGA, LGA groups (râ=â0.39, pâ=â0.045, râ=â0.449, pâ=â0.013 respectively). Visfatin concentrations in neonates born to mothers with pre-eclampsia and IDMs were higher than in those born to mothers without pre-eclampsia and to non-diabetic mothers (pâ=â0.040, pâ=â0.002 respectively). At six months, serum visfatin concentrations decreased compared to cord blood visfatin concentrations in IUGR and LGA groups (pâ< â0.001). Levels in LGA were still higher than IUGR (pâ=â0.004). Serum visfatin concentrations were positively correlated to cord visfatin in IUGR neonates (râ=â0.497, pâ=â0.005). CONCLUSION: Cord blood visfatin concentrations were increased in LGA and IUGR neonates. At six months, serum visfatin concentrations decreased compared to cord blood visfatin concentrations in LGA and IUGR groups, still higher in the former than the latter.
Subject(s)
Cytokines/blood , Fetal Growth Retardation/blood , Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase/blood , Pre-Eclampsia/blood , Pregnancy in Diabetics/blood , Adult , Biomarkers/blood , Birth Weight , Case-Control Studies , Egypt , Female , Fetal Blood , Fetal Growth Retardation/physiopathology , Follow-Up Studies , Gestational Age , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Pre-Eclampsia/physiopathology , Pregnancy , Pregnancy in Diabetics/physiopathologyABSTRACT
We have determined the nucleotide sequence of DNA extracted from pustules, saliva, and blood of camels presenting with contagious ecthyma, in Bahrain and also from a sample (SACamel) of infected tissue from a camel that had presented with contagious ecthyma in 1998 in Saudi Arabia (1). Sequence homologies and phylogenetic analysis showed that this extracted DNA was more closely related to Pseudocowpox virus (PCPV) than Orf virus (ORFV), which infects sheep, goats, and other animal species. The phylogeny also demonstrated that PCPV in Arabian camels was phylogenetically distinct from, and circulates independently of, ruminant-associated PCPV from Europe.
