ABSTRACT
COVID-19 has been highly linked to a hypercoagulable state among affected patients. This case highlights that COVID-19 associated thrombotic incidents are not exclusive to venous circulation and include atypical arterial thrombosis. Here, we report a case of celiac artery thrombus in self-limited outpatient COVID-19 illness as a rare thrombotic complication of COVID-19 infection.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Splenic Infarction , Thrombosis , COVID-19/complications , Celiac Artery/diagnostic imaging , Humans , Splenic Infarction/diagnostic imaging , Splenic Infarction/etiology , Thrombosis/diagnostic imaging , Thrombosis/etiologyABSTRACT
Humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy is rarely seen in urothelial cancer. In this report, we present a case of an 81-year-old female patient who presented with a markedly elevated calcium level leading to severe altered mental status and was found to have urothelial cancer. To our knowledge, only three cases of urothelial carcinoma with squamous cell differentiation have been reported.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Carcinoma, Transitional Cell , Hypercalcemia , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Hypercalcemia/etiologyABSTRACT
Sepsis resulting from acute pneumonic infections by Gram-negative bacteria is often characterized by dysfunction of innate immune components. Here we report a previously unrecognized innate protective function of SAP, an adaptor protein primarily reported in T cells, NK cells, and NKT cells, during acute pneumonic infection with Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPn). SAP-deficient mice were highly susceptible to this infection with elevated systemic bacterial spread and increased lung damage. While the overall influx of infiltrating cells in the lungs remained largely intact, increased mortality of SAP-deficient mice correlated with increased accumulation of large NK1.1+ cells harboring bacteria and an impairment of neutrophil extracellular trap formation in vivo during KPn pneumonia, which likely facilitated bacterial outgrowth. Neutrophils were found to express SAP; however, adoptive transfer experiment supported a neutrophil-extrinsic function of SAP in neutrophil extracellular trap formation. Collectively, these data present the first report depicting innate protective function of SAP in an acute pulmonary infection.
