Optimization of the outcome of percutaneous nephrolithotomy regarding urinary leakage, what should we do?

To evaluate the factors affecting urinary leakage post percutaneous nephrolithotomy. To define those at high risk in whom a double J stent for 4 weeks or external ureteral catheter fixation for at least 3 days is indicated at the end of procedure. A total of 140 patients who underwent single-stage Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) with single or multiple accesses were included between February 2014 and March 2019. A detailed history, laboratory and radiological investigations were performed on all patients. All patients were classified according to postoperative urinary leakage into three groups. We defined leakage as a leakage from percutaneous puncture site. Group 1 (90 patients), No leakage was defined as leakage < 12 hours. In group 2 (32 patients), short-term leakage was defined as leakage 12-48 hours, and in Group 3 (18 patients), prolonged urinary leakage > 48 hours. Patients with short-term and prolonged urinary leakage had a significantly shorter access tract. Most patients (93.8%) with short-term leakage had an access tract of 71-90 mm, while > 50% of patients (55.6) with prolonged leakage had an access tract of 51-70 mm (p <0.001). Multivariate ordinal regression revealed that Operative time, length of the access tract and parenchymal thicknesses significantly predict short-term and prolonged leakage. For predicting the prolonged urinary leakage, the length of access tract and parenchymalthickness showed significant areas under the curve (AUC); 78% (95% CI: 69 - 85, p = 0.002) and 94% (95% CI: 87 - 97, p <0.001), respectively. Operative time, length of the access tract and parenchymal thickness significantly predict short-term and prolonged leakage.

Nocturnal enuresis in women and its relation to urinary incontinence.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of nocturnal enuresis (NE) in Egyptian women, its relation to urinary incontinence (UI), and the impact on their quality of life (QoL). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study involving 350 women, using multistage sampling to recruit them. The inclusion criterion was women aged ⩾18 years who lived in the Ismailia governorate. Four trained nurses interviewed the women at their houses in two areas selected randomly, one rural and one urban. The Arabic validated International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form was used to assess the symptoms of UI, frequency and severity of urinary leakage, impact on QoL, and the presence of NE. The results were analysed statistically using appropriate methods. RESULTS: The mean age of the women was 42.46 years. The prevalence of adult-onset NE was 12/350 (3.4%), and this increased significantly with increasing age and history of previous surgery (e.g., hysterectomy) (P < 0.05). There was a statistically significant association between NE and UI, as 11 of 12 women with NE had UI; most (seven of the 12) had mixed UI. The mean QoL score of NE, UI alone and normal subjects was 6.8, 4.7 and 0.02, respectively (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The overall prevalence of adult-onset NE was 3.4% amongst Egyptian women. The presence of NE correlated positively with UI, and UI had a negative impact on the QoL of women, but NE had a greater impact.

Assessment of female sexual function among women with pelvic organ prolapse or urinary incontinence via an Arabic validated short-form sexual questionnaire.

OBJECTIVE: To assess female sexual function among women with pelvic organ prolapse or urinary incontinence via an Arabic, validated, short-form sexual questionnaire (PISQ-12). METHODS: The present study was conducted among women attending Suez Canal University Hospital, Ismailia, Egypt, between September 2009 and August 2011. In the pilot study, 42 women completed the final version of the Arabic PISQ-12 at recruitment and then 2 weeks later, and the data were compared to evaluate reliability and internal consistency. The formal comparative study included 154 premenopausal sexually active women: 80 control women, and 74 women with some degree of pelvic prolapse with or without stress incontinence. All participants had a vaginal examination and completed the questionnaire. The main outcome measures were the mean questionnaire scores within its 3 domains (behavioral, physical, and partner-related). RESULTS: The test-retest reliability and internal consistency of the Arabic PISQ-12 were excellent. Validity was approved by an expert panel. The case group had a significantly lower mean total questionnaire score (31.07 ± 4.2 vs 34.7 ± 6.2; P<0.05) but a higher partner-related score (9.0 ± 2.4 vs 8.4 ± 2.5; P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The Arabic version of PISQ-12 was shown to be an effective and objective method of evaluating sexual function among patients with pelvic organ prolapse.

The assessment of sexual dysfunction in Egyptian women with lower urinary tract symptoms.

INTRODUCTION: Female sexual dysfunction (FSD) has been reported in 46% of women with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). FSD is a common health problem that remains under-investigated, especially in Eastern communities, where discussion of the issue is considered a taboo. In this study we determined the prevalence of various subtypes of FSD in relation to LUTS in women in Ismailia, Egypt. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was a case-control study to assess FSD in women with LUTS in comparison to normal women. In all, 101 women patients attending the Urology clinic at our institution were divided into two groups, a study group of 52 with LUTS and a control group of 49 with no LUTS. Validated Arabic versions of the FSD index and the Bristol questionnaire were used to assess the participants, and the data analysed statistically. RESULTS: FSD was diagnosed in 75 of the 101 patients (74%); 87 (86%) reported hypoactive sexual desire, 61 (60%) reported sexual arousal disorder, 56 (55%) had lubrication disorders, 65 (64%) complained of orgasmic deficiency, 36 (36%) had satisfaction disorder, and 59 (58%) had sexual pain disorder (e.g., dyspareunia or non-coital genital pain). Arousal, satisfaction, orgasmic and lubrication disorders were more common in the women with LUTS. There was no statistically significant difference in desire disorders between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: FSD and its subtypes are more prevalent in women with LUTS in this sample of Egyptian women.

The reliability and reproducibility of ultrasonography for measuring the residual urine volume in men with lower urinary tract symptoms.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the reliability and reproducibility of abdominal ultrasonography (US) for measuring the postvoid residual urine volume (PVR), and to compare measurements by a radiologist and urologist, in men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), as a significant PVR is common in patients with LUTS and an assessment of the PVR could protect patients from unnecessary catheterisation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was a prospective comparative study of 45 men aged ⩾45 years with LUTS attending a urological outpatient clinic from July 2011 to May 2012. A detailed history was taken, with an assessment of LUTS using the Arabic Validated International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and complete general and local examination. The PVR was measured by US twice by a radiologist and urologist, and then repeated after 1 week. Within ⩽2 min after US a urethral catheter was used to measure the PVR. RESULTS: The mean (range) age of the patients was 63.8 (45-88) years and the mean IPSS was 16.18. Reliability testing between the PVR measured by US and the catheterised measure of PVR showed that US was not reliable (Cronbach's α < 0.7). The US measurement was reproducible for both single examiner over two sessions, and with two examiners in one session. The PVR obtained by the urethral catheter was significantly higher than the US measurement (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The measurement of PVR by US is reproducible by either a urologist or radiologist, but it is not reliable, as the urethral catheter estimate gives a significantly higher PVR.

Obstructive suburethral mass after transurethral injection of dextranomer/hyaluronic acid copolymer.

Dextranomer/hyaluronic acid copolymer (Zuidex(R)) is a new bulking agent. There is little data about the complications of using this substance as urethral bulking agent for the treatment of urinary stress incontinence. We are presenting a 59-year-old female patient who developed a suburethral mass and urinary retention after zuidex urethral injection. A stepwise approach for treatment was followed. Complete excision of the mass was the only curative procedure that succeeded.