ABSTRACT
Background: Antituberculosis drugs are antimicrobial agents important for treating a communicable disease called tuberculosis. Despite their importance, antituberculosis drugs such as isoniazid and rifampicin have severe adverse effects like nephrotoxicity with acute renal failures. Ensete ventricosum (Welw.) Cheesman is a nutritional herbaceous perennial plant, and it has indigenous ethnomedicinal values for the society. This study aimed to evaluate the protective role of the Ensete ventricosum (Welw.) Cheesman corm extract (EVCE) against nephrotoxicity induced by isoniazid and rifampicin in mice. Methods: The present study was conducted on thirty Swiss albino mice randomly allocated into five groups. Group-I (only distilled water), Group-II (only isoniazid 75 mg/kg and rifampicin150 mg/kg), Group-III (isoniazid and rifampicin along with 200 mg/kg EVCE), Group-IV (isoniazid and rifampicin along with 400 mg/kg EVCE), and Group-V (isoniazid and rifampicin along with silymarin) were treated for thirty days. At the end of the study, the experimental animals were sacrificed after being injected with anesthetic drug, blood was drawn for a kidney function test, and the kidney was also taken from each experimental animal for histopathological evaluation. Data were entered and analyzed by using one-way ANOVA of SPSS version 25. Results and Conclusion. Serum levels of creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and uric acid of the Group-II mice were significantly (P < 0.01) elevated, and serum levels of total proteins and albumin of Group-II mice were significantly (P < 0.01) decreased as compared to Group-I. The group of mice treated with an EVCE reinstated those derangements. The kidney section of Group-II mice showed an abnormality in kidney structure; however, these deformities were not detectable in group-IV mice. The EVCE has sufficient nephroprotective potential against antituberculosis drug-induced kidney injury.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Home delivery is childbirth in a nonclinical setting that takes place in a residence rather than in a health institution. Maternal morbidity and mortality are global health challenges, and developing countries contribute to most of the maternal deaths. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the extent and associated factors for home delivery in Serbo, Kersa Woreda, Jimma Zone, Southwest Ethiopia. METHOD: A community-based cross-sectional study was employed among the 240 study participants. Data were collected by using systematic sampling technique from July 5 to 26, 2021, via a pretested semistructured questionnaire through face-to-face interview, and analyzed by a statistical package for the social sciences version 23.0. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were carried out to identify factors associated with the extent of home delivery, and factors associated with the extent of home delivery were declared at a p value <0.05. RESULT: In this study, the extent of home delivery was 28.7%. Identified factors statically associated with home delivery were low monthly income (AOR = 16.7, 95% CI: (2.028-13,83)), only the husband as the decision-maker (AOR = 5.0, 95% CI: (1.252-20.021)), never had a history of ANC follow-up (AOR = 5.7, 95% CI: (2.358-16.3)), poor knowledge toward delivery service (AOR = 3.0, 95% CI: (1.661-5.393)), negative attitude toward delivery service (AOR = 2.2, 95% CI: (1.054-4.409)), and large family size (AOR = 2.2, 95% CI: (1.187-4,119)). CONCLUSION: When compared to the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2016, the prevalence of home delivery among women who gave birth in the last one year was low in this study. The study participants' identified factors that were significantly linked with home delivery were low monthly income, only husband as decision maker, no ANC follow-up, poor knowledge of delivery services, negative attitude toward delivery services, and large family size. Health professionals and health extension workers should raise awareness about institutional delivery and birth readiness so that women can give birth at a health facility even if labor begins unexpectedly.
