ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Those with chronic cardiac and pulmonary diseases are predisposed to several psychosocial disorders. Tailored rehabilitation programs have been shown to improve physiological and psychosocial well-being. The purpose of this study was, first, to assess the psychosocial improvements among patients with cardiac and pulmonary diseases who have finished cardiac rehabilitation (CR) and pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) programs; second, to assess the differences in psychosocial factors among those patients based on smoking status at the beginning and end of these programs. METHODS: The CR and PR programs in hospital settings were retrospectively analyzed from 2013-2018. Before and after, all patients completed the sociodemographic characteristics along with the Psychosocial Risk Factor Survey that measures total distress, depression, anxiety, hostility, and social isolation. RESULTS: There were 355 patients with cardiac and 244 patients with pulmonary disease who completed 6- to 12-wk CR or PR programs. There were significant improvements in all psychosocial symptoms among cardiac patients. Patients with pulmonary disease exhibited significant improvements in all psychosocial factors except for social isolation. Moreover, current smokers in the CR group reported elevated symptoms of several psychosocial scores. CONCLUSION: These findings provide critical information about the effects of tailored rehabilitation programs among patients with chronic cardiac and pulmonary diseases on psychosocial levels. By using the Psychosocial Risk Factor Survey, we have found that total distress, depression, anxiety, and hostility were reduced among patients who completed the CR or PR programs. Current smokers exhibited the elevated mean scores on psychosocial symptoms in the cardiac group that may be a target for smoking cessation program. The advantages of tailored rehabilitation programs are significant, which may be of benefit for physical, social, behavioral, and psychological well-being.
Subject(s)
Cardiac Rehabilitation , Heart Diseases , Anxiety , Depression , Humans , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
We assessed breastfeeding knowledge, attitudes and practices of 3413 Iraqi mothers and adult female relatives in the same household and their association with sociodemographic characteristics. The majority of the women (73.1%) initiated breastfeeding early after delivery, 92.9% believed colostrum was good for their baby and 64.6% breastfed on demand. However, knowledge was lacking about full exclusive breastfeeding until 6 months postpartum, signs of good positioning and latch-on and the correct to introduce supplements. Nearly 35% believed that breast milk was not enough for their infants. Rural and less educated women knew less about breastfeeding concepts than more educated urban women but more continued breastfeeding longer and introduced supplements later.
Subject(s)
Attitude to Health , Breast Feeding , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Mothers , Women , Adult , Attitude to Health/ethnology , Breast Feeding/ethnology , Breast Feeding/statistics & numerical data , Chi-Square Distribution , Colostrum , Cross-Sectional Studies , Educational Status , Feeding Behavior/ethnology , Health Education , Humans , Infant , Infant Care/psychology , Infant Care/statistics & numerical data , Infant Food , Iraq , Maternal Age , Maternal Behavior/ethnology , Mothers/education , Mothers/psychology , Mothers/statistics & numerical data , Needs Assessment , Residence Characteristics , Socioeconomic Factors , Time Factors , Weaning , Women/education , Women/psychologyABSTRACT
We assessed breastfeeding knowledge, attitudes and practices of 3413 Iraqi mothers and adult female relatives in the same household and their association with sociodemographic characteristics. The majority of the women [73.1%] initiated breastfeeding early after delivery, 92.9% believed colostrum was good for their baby and 64.6% breastfed on demand. However, knowledge was lacking about full exclusive breastfeeding until 6 months postpartum, signs of good positioning and latch-on and the correct time to introduce supplements. Nearly 35% believed that breast milk was not enough for their infants. Rural and less educated women knew less about breastfeeding concepts than more educated urban women but more continued breastfeeding longer and introduced supplements later
Subject(s)
Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Mothers , Colostrum , Rural Population , Urban Population , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Breast FeedingABSTRACT
We studied the prevalence and factors associated with overweight and obesity among 200 non-pregnant Iraqi women (> 18 years) attending 2 outpatient clinics in Baghdad. The women were interviewed using a questionnaire and had their body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) calculated. Only 24% of the women were normal weight: 39%, 25% and 12% were overweight (BMI 25-29.9 kg/m2), obese (> or =30 kg/m2) and morbidly obese (> or = 40 kg/m2) respectively. While the mean WHR was normal, the mean waist circumference was higher than normal. Factors significantly associated with overweight and obesity were older age, history of previous laparotomy and type of clothing worn (gown) inside the home.
Subject(s)
Attitude to Health , Obesity/epidemiology , Obesity/etiology , Women's Health , Women/psychology , Age Distribution , Body Mass Index , Clothing/statistics & numerical data , Cross-Sectional Studies , Diet Surveys , Exercise , Feeding Behavior , Female , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Hospitals, University , Humans , Iraq/epidemiology , Laparotomy/adverse effects , Obesity/diagnosis , Obesity/psychology , Outpatient Clinics, Hospital , Population Surveillance , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Socioeconomic Factors , Surveys and Questionnaires , Urban Health/statistics & numerical data , Waist-Hip Ratio , Women/educationABSTRACT
We studied the prevalence and factors associated with overweight and obesity among 200 non- pregnant Iraqi women [> 18 years] attending 2 outpatient clinics in Baghdad. The women were interviewed using a questionnaire and had their body mass index [BMI] and waist- to- hip ratio [WHR] calculated. Only 24% of the women were normal weight: 39%, 25% and 12% were overweight [BMI 25- 29.9 kg/ m 2], obese [>/= 30 kg/ m 2] and morbidly obese [>/= 40 kg/ m 2] respectively. While the mean WHR was normal, the mean waist circumference was higher than normal. Factors significantly associated with overweight and obesity were older age, history of previous laparotomy and type of clothing worn [gown] inside the home
