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1.
J Immigr Minor Health ; 24(2): 481-488, 2022 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33934263

ABSTRACT

Refugee children are at risk for mental/behavioral health problems but may not receive timely diagnosis or care. Parental experiences and perspectives about resources in the US may help guide interventions to improve mental/behavioral health care. In a community-academic partnership, we performed a qualitative study of recently-arrived Afghan refugee parents, using in-depth, semi-structured interviews to characterize experiences with parenting, education, and health care services. A four-person coding team identified, described, and refined themes. We interviewed 19 parents from ten families, with a median residence in the US of 24 months. Four themes emerged; parents described: (1) shifting focus as safety needs changed, (2) acculturation stress, (3) adjustment to an emerging US support system, and (4) appreciation of an engaged health care system. Health and educational providers' appreciation for the process of acculturation among newly-arrived refugee Afghan families may facilitate screening, diagnostic, and intervention strategies to improve care.


Subject(s)
Mental Health Services , Refugees , Child , Humans , Mental Health , Parenting , Parents/psychology
2.
Front Mol Biosci ; 6: 90, 2019.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31612140

ABSTRACT

Targeting cancer cells metabolism is promising strategy in inhibiting cancer cells progression that are known to exhibit increased aerobic glycolysis. We used the glucose analog 2-Deoxyglucose (2-DG) as a competitor molecule of glucose. To further enhance the effectiveness of 2-DG, the Newcastle disease virus (NDV) was used as a combination virotherapy to enhance the anti-tumor effect. Human and mouse-breast cancer cells were treated by NDV and/or 2-DG. The effect was analyzed by study cell viability, apoptosis and level of glyceraldehyde3-phosphate (GAPDH) by ELISA and QPCR assays. Synergistic cytotoxicity was found after a 72-h treatment of human- and mouse-breast cancer cells with 2-DG in combination with NDV at different concentrations. The synergistic cytotoxicity was accompanied by apoptotic cell death and GAPDH downregulation and inhibition to glycolysis product pyruvate. The combination treatment showed significant tumor growth inhibition compared to single treatments in vivo. Our results suggest the effectiveness of a novel strategy for anti-breast cancer therapy through glycolysis inhibition and GAPDH downregulation.

3.
Clin Exp Med ; 19(1): 115-120, 2019 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30460419

ABSTRACT

Angiogenesis is a major prerequisite for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development and progression. The present study aims to assess the potential role of two endogenous regulators of angiogenesis histamine (His) and acetylcholine (Ach), as possible biochemical markers for staging of HCC. Five groups of rats were used in this study: a control healthy group (I), another 4 intoxicated groups used for the induction of HCC with a high dose of diethyl nitrosamine (DENA, 200 mg/kg, single I.P. dose), (II, III, IV, and V). Groups II, III, IV, and V were killed following 8, 16, 24, and 32 weeks after DENA injection, respectively. Serum level of His and Ach was estimated using high-performance liquid chromatography technique coupled with diode array detector (HPLC-DAD), and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was measured using ELISA technique along with liver histological examination for all groups. Progression of HCC was estimated by histopathological examination. The results exhibited prominent increase in serum His and Ach levels during the early stages of HCC in group II, III in comparison with the control, and then His serum level declined to the normal level during the last stage of HCC development (group V).However, Ach elevation continued. AFP serum level showed marked increase, till 32 weeks after hepatocarcinogenesis. The decreased histamine level, combined to elevated AFP, indicates an early stage, while continued elevation of Ach with decreased His levels indicates a later stage of HCC. The combination of these two neurotransmitters to AFP may contribute to a noninvasive biochemical staging for HCC.


Subject(s)
Acetylcholine/blood , Biomarkers/blood , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/diagnosis , Histamine/blood , Liver Neoplasms/diagnosis , Neoplasm Staging/methods , Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology , Animals , Blood Chemical Analysis , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Histocytochemistry , Liver/pathology , Liver Neoplasms/pathology , Male , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Serum/chemistry , Vasodilator Agents , alpha-Fetoproteins/analysis
4.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM (Western Pacific) | ID: wpr-673059

ABSTRACT

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and its genotypes in Duhok City, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of HCV and its genotype. A total of 2109 subjects, who attended the hospital for complaints other than hepatitis, were recruited in this study. Results: First, anti-HCV antibody positivity was examined by ELISA. About 5.2%(111/2109) of our samples were tested positive for anti-HCV antibodies. To confirm the positivity, RT-PCR was performed. Amongst all samples, 2.8%(60/2109) was positive by RT-PCR. Then, we genotyped all the RT-PCR positive samples, and it was found that 50.0%(30/60) of our samples were typed as HCV genotype 4, 43.3%(26/60) as genotype 1 and 6.7%(4/60) as genotype 3. Conclusions: The prevalence of HCV was higher than that was reported previously and genotype 4 was the most prevalent. Further population based study is required to investigate the prevalence of HCV.

5.
Conn Med ; 79(5): 289-90, 2015 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26245017

ABSTRACT

Aplastic anemia is characterized by bone marrow failure and pancytopenia. In women, this can lead to menorrhagia secondary to thrombocytopenia which may require treatment depending on its severity. We report a patient with aplastic anemia-associated menorrhagia requiring emergency inpatient endometrial ablation due to transfusion dependence. A 42-year-old G3P3003 female presented with severe anemia, thrombocytopenia, and metrorrhagia. Her subsequent bone marrow biopsy revealed aplastic anemia. Her menometrorrhagia progressively worsened and she remained transfusion dependent. In the hospital, the patient underwent an uneventful endometrial ablation to control her vaginal bleeding. Patient reports only minor spotting after the procedure. Endometrial ablation is a safe and effective technique of treating acute menorrhagia in patients with aplastic anemia. It can reduce vaginal bleeding and decrease transfusion dependence.


Subject(s)
Anemia, Aplastic/complications , Endometrial Ablation Techniques , Menorrhagia/surgery , Adult , Disease Progression , Erythrocyte Transfusion , Female , Humans , Menorrhagia/etiology , Menorrhagia/therapy , Platelet Transfusion , Thrombocytopenia/complications
6.
Conn Med ; 79(1): 37-9, 2015 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26244194

ABSTRACT

This paper will present a case of benign metastasizing leiomyoma, incidentally found during the preoperative evaluation for acute cholecystitis. The preoperative chest X-ray revealed diffuse bilateral lung nodules suspicious for hematogenous metastasis and the densities measured 1-1.5 cm. A pelvis computed tomography (CT) scan showed in-homogeneous uterine mass with unusual vascular supply raising concern for leiomyosarcoma. Open lung biopsy revealed benign-appearing smooth-muscle neoplasm suggestive of metastatic leiomyoma. The patient was then treated with total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oopherectomy which had identical pathology to the lung. As there were innumerable pulmonary metastases where complete resection was impossible, surgical castration appeared to be effective in reducing tumor size. The patient was also started on an aromatase inhibitor that subsequently improved her clinical outcome. Management strategies, cytogenetics, and histological diagnosis are discussed.


Subject(s)
Leiomyoma/pathology , Lung Neoplasms/secondary , Uterine Neoplasms/pathology , Aromatase Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Chemotherapy, Adjuvant , Cytogenetic Analysis , Female , Humans , Hysterectomy , Incidental Findings , Leiomyoma/genetics , Leiomyoma/therapy , Lung Neoplasms/genetics , Lung Neoplasms/therapy , Middle Aged , Ovariectomy , Salpingectomy , Uterine Neoplasms/genetics , Uterine Neoplasms/therapy
7.
Case Rep Obstet Gynecol ; 2015: 950373, 2015.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26090246

ABSTRACT

Uterine sarcomas spread via lymphatic and hematogenous dissemination, direct extension, or transtubal transport. Distant metastasis often involves the lungs. Ovarian metastasis is uncommon. Here we present an unusual case of a large, high-grade uLMS with metastatic disease internal to both ovaries without capsular involvement or other abdominal diseases, and discovered in a patient with distant metastases to the lungs, suggesting likely hematogenous dissemination of uLMS to the ovaries in this case. Knowledge of usual uLMS metastases may influence surgical management in select cases.

8.
Int J Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Res ; 9(1): 1-4, 2015 Jan 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25802693

ABSTRACT

We have refined the technique for isolating and propagating cultures of primary ovarian carcinosarcoma cells (OSCs) derived from ascites, which allowed the cells to obtain the biphasic features of carcinosarcoma in cell culture conditions (presence of both carcinoma and mesenchymal morphologic types). This protocol involves a simple yet rapid method for the growth and propagation of ascites OSC in a basal culture medium. Autologous ascitic fluid was used as source of growth factors, and minimal manipulation was involved to establish the culture. The methodology allowed for the direct application of multiple molecular, cellular, and functional analyses within a few weeks of initial cell isolation, with the further potential of retrospective analyses of archived cells and tissues.

9.
Iran Red Crescent Med J ; 16(5): e9066, 2014 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25031868

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Occupation is one of the major parts of our daily lives that might cause a great amount of stress. Stress and job burnout are linked together. The association between musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) and burnout syndrome as a psychosocial factor was investigated previously. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to identify the role of occupational stress and burnout in musculoskeletal complaint among diplomatic employees of different embassies in Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a cross-sectional study, we assessed 200 employees of the foreign countries embassies in Iran. The participants were selected randomly from all the embassy personnel. Study questionnaires were delivered to the participants and finally 161 questionnaires were returned to the researchers (response rate: 80.5%). An assessment of burnout and MSD were made using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and Nordic questionnaires. The work place stress was measured by the work place stress questionnaire. RESULTS: Mean occupational stress was significantly higher among embassy personnel with MSD than among the personnel without this syndrome during the preceding week (17.18 ± 3.42 and 16.06 ± 2.19, respectively; P = 0.02) and the preceding year (17.17 ± 3.11 and 16.74 ± 3.03, respectively; P < 0.01) to the study. Only smoking and occupational stress were identified as independent predictors of MSD among embassy personnel. CONCLUSIONS: It seems that association between musculoskeletal complaints and burnout syndrome was more complex than being attributed to only occupation stress. Further studies are recommended to determine other related factors to this association.

10.
J Minim Invasive Gynecol ; 21(4): 708-11, 2014.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24509288

ABSTRACT

Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecologic malignancy, often manifesting as early-stage well-differentiated endometrioid adenocarcinoma associated with a high likelihood of long-term recurrence-free survival. Minimally invasive surgery for surgical staging of endometrial lesions is now routinely practiced, with laparoscopy the preferred surgical approach at many cancer centers. Recurrence or metastasis of early-stage well-differentiated endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma is uncommon, and may occur due to iatrogenic microscopic seeding of malignant cells during surgery, as suggested by previous reports of cancer metastasis to port sites after minimally invasive surgery, laparotomy incisions after open surgery, or intraperitoneal spread after hysteroscopy or uterine manipulation. Herein we report the only described case of isolated vulvar metastasis of an early-stage FIGO stage IB well-differentiated (histologic grade 1) endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma after minimally invasive surgery for surgical staging. The patient had recurrent endometrioid adenocarcinoma metastasis at the vulva 8 months after robotic-assisted total laparoscopic hysterectomy and surgical staging with specimen removal through the vagina. In selected cases, we suggest that use of a specimen bag during removal of the uterus through the vagina may limit seeding of malignant cells during minimally invasive surgery to treat cancer.


Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Endometrioid/secondary , Endometrial Neoplasms/pathology , Hysterectomy, Vaginal , Neoplasm Seeding , Vulvar Neoplasms/secondary , Aged, 80 and over , Endometrial Neoplasms/surgery , Female , Humans , Laparoscopy , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures , Neoplasm Staging
11.
Int Sch Res Notices ; 2014: 953509, 2014.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27382614

ABSTRACT

Ovarian cancer remains the most common cause of gynecologic cancer-related death among women in developed countries. Nevertheless, subgroups of ovarian cancer patients experience relatively longer survival. Efforts to identify prognostic factors that characterize such patients are ongoing, with investigational areas including tumor characteristics, surgical management, inheritance patterns, immunologic factors, and genomic patterns. This review discusses various demographic, clinical, and molecular factors implicating longevity and ovarian cancer survival. Continued efforts at identifying these prognosticators may result in invaluable adjuncts to the treatment of ovarian cancer, with the ultimate goal of advancing patient care.

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