The relationship between CT severity infections and oxygen saturation in patients infected with COVID-19, a cohort study.

Introduction: Thin-section chest computed tomography is an important diagnostic test and utilized to determine the severity of lung involvement in COVID-19 pneumonia. The goal of this study is to examine the relationship between CT severity and the oxygen saturation level of individuals with COVID-19. Method: This is a single-center retrospective study of COVID-19 patients that were admitted at a COVID-19 hospital. Patients confirming COVID-19 with PCR testing, patients undergoing lung CT-scan and measures of capillary oxygen saturation using pulse oximetry at the time of admission were all included. Result: The total number of the cases were 105. The age was classified into four age groups, with the majority of them falling into the fourth to sixth decade of life (42, 40%). Diabetes was the most common comorbidity disease (29, 27.6%). Pulse oximetry showed hypoxemia in 87 (82.9%) cases. The most common CT finding was ground glass opacities (GGO) (45, 42.9%). The data showed a significant positive correlation between oxygen saturation and CT severity in patients infected with covid-19. Conclusion: These findings support the importance of using pulse oximetry to monitor COVID-19 patients in order to evaluate or even estimate their clinical situations.

Breast cancer metastasizing to the contralateral axilla several years after treatment: A case report with literature review.

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Lymph node metastasis is the most prominent prognostic factor in breast cancer. The aim of this paper is to report a case of contralateral axillary lymph node metastasis (CAM) which look like metachronous initially, but histopathologicaly confirmed as synchronous CAM. CASE PRESENTATION: A-44-year old female was a known case of left breast cancer five years prior to this presentation (T2,N2,M0, grade III, Triple negative, multifocal invasive ductal carcinoma). On follow up, multiple contralateral axillary suspicious lymph nodes were discovered. Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology from the lesion revealed grade III, Triple negative, invasive ductal carcinoma consistent with metastasis from the left invasive ductal carcinoma. Bilateral mastectomy and right axillary dissection were performed. The histopathological examination and immunohistochemistry showed left breast recurrent 0.5 cm grade III, Triple negative invasive ductal carcinoma. DISCUSSION: If a cancer is found in the contralateral axilla, three main potential sources should be considered: contralateral spread from the original breast tumor, metastasis from an occult primary in the ipsilateral breast, and metastasis from an extramammary site. CONCLUSION: Although CAM in patients with breast cancer is an uncommon condition, it is still possible to occur. There is a controversy regarding the appropriate management.

One for two, ipsilateral reduction and contralateral reconstruction mammoplasty: A case report.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this paper is to introduce a novel procedure for concomitant contralateral reduction and ipsilateral reconstruction mammoplasty by dividing the contralateral breast and creating a pectoralis myocutaneous flap for reconstruction. PRESENTATION OF CASE: A 34-year-old female, with a history of left side mastectomy presented for reconstruction. Under general anesthesia, the scar of the previous operation was resected in an elliptical shaped incision, the right breast was divided in middle, leaving the flap (pectoralis myocutaneous flap) with pectoralis branch of thoracoacromial artery. The superiomedial part of right breast (the flap) was rotated under the bridge of intermammary skin into the left incision. Ten days after the operation, the flap was viable and healthy. DISCUSSION: The aim of breast reconstruction is to provide psychosocial support and improve quality of life in the long term by restoring the shape of the breast surgically. New techniques have emerged constantly, and each comes with its list of advantages and risks. The benefits of reconstruction are clear, yet often it is not found as a part of breast cancer treatment routinely. CONCLUSION: In single session reduction mammoplasty in one breast and using the resected piece as a flap to reconstruct the contralateral breast is possible whenever indication.

Retroperitoneal lipoma; a benign condition with frightening presentation.

INTRODUCTION: lipoma is the most frequent soft tissue tumor in adults. Its occurrence in the retroperitoneal region is extremely rare. The aim of this study is to report a case of retroperitoneal lipoma with a literature review. PRESENTATION OF CASE: A 34-year-old female presented with abdominal distension and severe back pain for one year duration. She also reported weight loss and constipation. The examination revealed asymmetrical abdominal distension and everted umbilicus. There was a big irregular mass occupying the whole abdomen reaching into the xiphisternum, firm in consistency, smooth surface, and well defined borders. Abdominal ultrasound demonstrated a large retroperitoneal heterogeneous mass. Computed tomography (CT) scan showed a large well defined hyperechoic mass with fibrous septa extending from the left ovary up to the diaphragm. Exploratory laparotomy revealed a giant clearly demarcated fatty tumor adherent to the retroperitoneal fatty tissues. The histopathological examination of the specimen confirmed the diagnosis of the retroperitoneal lipoma. DISCUSSION: Retroperitoneal lipomas have been reported in various age groups; namely children, middle and old age patients. Based on the characteristic radiological features of the tumor, enormous diagnostic work-up is not justified. CONCLUSION: Retroperitoneal lipoma is a very rare variant of lipoma, presents with various signs and symptoms that may be misleading. Radiologic imaging especially CT scan is the diagnostic tool of choice. Surgical resection is the main modality of management.