ABSTRACT
Individually-tailored approach is recommended in designing the mode of treatment and extent of surgery for thyroid tumors. In cases of papillary and follicular tumors, the main therapy should be surgery to make sure that pre- and paratracheal fat is removed. Radical surgery on the neck is not indicated unless there are metastases. Combined treatment may be used in cases of medulla and poorly-differentiated cell cancer. Application of 131I may be recommended in cases of apparent metastasis or when there is no convincing evidence that surgery was radical enough since the 10-year data on treatment of differentiated cell cancer make up 90%.
Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma, Follicular/therapy , Carcinoma, Medullary/therapy , Carcinoma, Papillary/therapy , Thyroid Neoplasms/therapy , Adenocarcinoma, Follicular/radiotherapy , Adenocarcinoma, Follicular/surgery , Adult , Carcinoma, Medullary/radiotherapy , Carcinoma, Medullary/surgery , Carcinoma, Papillary/radiotherapy , Carcinoma, Papillary/surgery , Combined Modality Therapy , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Iodine Radioisotopes/therapeutic use , Lymphatic Metastasis , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Metastasis , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local , Palliative Care , Prognosis , Thyroid Hormones/therapeutic use , Thyroid Neoplasms/mortality , Thyroid Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Thyroid Neoplasms/surgery , Thyroidectomy , Time FactorsABSTRACT
A new method for diagnosing human malignant tumors is dealt with, which is based on fluorescence of malignant neoplasms and their adjacent normal tissue. To measure the fluorescence spectra, a fiber optic system and a multi-channel optic spectral analyser have been designed. While analysing the resultant spectra, a greater fluorescence excess was observed in the red wave band in the tumors than in normal tissue. Further investigations are required in order to use the method in question in clinical diagnosis.
Subject(s)
Fluorescence , Head and Neck Neoplasms/diagnosis , Biopsy , Diagnosis, Differential , Endoscopy , Head and Neck Neoplasms/pathology , Humans , Lasers , Lip Neoplasms/diagnosis , Lip Neoplasms/pathology , Tongue Neoplasms/diagnosis , Tongue Neoplasms/pathologySubject(s)
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/surgery , Pharyngeal Neoplasms/surgery , Adult , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/mortality , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology , Electrosurgery , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Metastasis , Neoplasm Staging , Oropharynx/surgery , Pharyngeal Neoplasms/mortality , Pharyngeal Neoplasms/pathology , Tongue Neoplasms/mortality , Tongue Neoplasms/pathology , Tongue Neoplasms/surgeryABSTRACT
The paper deals with a study of 42 cases of medullary carcinoma which accounts for 12.6% of all forms of thyroid cancer. The female-to-male ratio was 1.3:1, mean age - 45 years. Medullary carcinoma occurs sporadically in cases of familial endocrine syndrome. A case of Sipple's syndrome is reported. Medullar carcinoma is a hormonally-active tumor which produces calcitonin, the latter serving as a tumor marker for this carcinoma. Medullary carcinoma is characterized by bilateral involvement of the thyroid, which is more frequent in cases of familial disease, and a high rate of incidence of regional metastases (82.5%). Apart from clinical diagnostic means, the disease is chiefly identified cytologically and by calcitonin assays in blood plasma. It is mainly treated by surgery; 5- and 10-year survival rates are 87.2 and 80%, respectively.
