Urothelial carcinoma arising within a congenital bladder diverticulum in an adult male: A rare case report and literature review.

Introduction and importance: Neoplasms arising from vesical diverticula are rare clinical entities known as intradiverticular bladder tumors. The bladder diverticulum harboring these tumors can be congenital or acquired. Congenital diverticula are predominantly found in children and are extremely rare in adults. Case presentation: A 56-year-old male admitted to our hospital with a 10-days history of painless gross hematuria and blood clots. Physical examination and vital signs were unremarkable. Radiologic examination revealed a bladder diverticulum with a mass inside it. Pathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of TCC tumor arising from congenital bladder diverticula. Clinical discussion: While intradiverticular bladder tumors account for only 1% of all bladder tumors، and the finding of a congenital bladder diverticulum is a rare anomaly in adults, the concurrence of a tumor arising within a congenital bladder diverticulum is almost non-existent in adults. Conclusion: We aimed to present a rare case of urothelial carcinoma arising from a congenital diverticulum in an adult while highlighting the diagnostic and therapeutic options used in managing such tumors.

Primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the breast with paraneoplastic thrombocytosis; a rare case report.

Introduction: primary neuroendocrine cancer of the breast (NECB) is a very rare entity, comprising less than 0,1% of all breast tumors. It was first reported in 1977 by cubilla et al. Case presentation: we report the case of a 60-year-old rural Syrian female who admitted to our hospital due to a painless lump in her right breast. Radiological & clinical findings were highly indicative of breast carcinoma. Therefore, a partial biopsy was performed and microscopic examination suggested the diagnosis of neuroendocrine carcinoma of the breast, which was confirmed by immunohistochemical staining. Lab findings were also indicative for anemia & thrombocytosis. Clinical discussion: neuroendocrine tumors are usually seen in the intestine & lungs. However, their presence as primary tumors in the breast is extremely rare. Conclusion: our article demonstrates a challenging case of primary neuroendocrine breast carcinoma with paraneoplastic thrombocytosis, which clarifies the major diagnostic & therapeutic approaches used in its management.

Primary intestinal Burkitt's lymphoma in a Syrian child with a challenging initial presentation: A case report and literature review.

Introduction: Burkitt's lymphoma is an aggressive type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that represents approximately 30% of pediatric lymphomas and less than 5% of all pediatric malignancies. Although the involvement of the gastrointestinal tract is a common finding in sporadic Burkitt's lymphoma, primary intestinal lymphomas still represent a rare entity. Case presentation: We are reporting the case of an 11-year-old Syrian male who presented to our hospital with complaints of abdominal pain, distention, and tenderness. Clinical and radiologic examinations demonstrated moderate ascites with an abdominal mass. Interestingly, the cytological study of the ascites revealed the diagnosis of Burkitt's lymphoma which was later confirmed by histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations. Discussion: Pleural effusions are a common finding in extranodal lymphomas, whereas ascites is considered a rare initial presentation constituting less than 2% of lymphoma cases. Conclusion: We aimed to present an extremely rare case of a primary intestinal Burkitt's lymphoma initially presenting with ascites, highlighting the major role of the cytological study of ascites in the primary diagnosis, and the essential role of histological and immunohistochemical examinations in confirming the diagnosis in challenging cases.