[A prevalence and risk factors for development of urinary tract infections in women of reproductive age].

AIM: to study the prevalence and identify risk factors for development of urinary tract infections (UTI) among women of reproductive age in Tashkent. MATERIALS AND METHODS: a cross-sectional epidemiological study of the prevalence and risk factors of UTI in women was performed. The case-control study was conducted according to the nest-typological method. A total of 1028 women were examined, of which 654 were of reproductive age. To evaluate the impact of various risk factors on the development of UTI, social-economic status, medical and obstetric history and complaints were analyzed. RESULTS: The prevalence of UTI in women of reproductive age was 8.71%. The causative agent of UTI in 99% of cases was E. coli, and S. aureus was isolated only in 1% of cases. The most significant risk factors for UTI were vaginal discharge (odds ratio (OR) 2.32, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.16-4.64), a history of pelvic inflammatory diseases (OS 1.99, 95 % CI 1.01-3.91), as well as the use of daily pads (OS 1.92, 95% CI 1.03-3.57). CONCLUSION: Vaginal discharge, a history of pelvic inflammatory diseases and the use of pads are significant risk factors for the development of UTI in women of reproductive age.

[Prevalence and risk factors for urinary incontinence in women living in the South Priaralye region].

OBJECTIVE: To estimate prevalence and types of urinary incontinence (UI) among women living in the South Priaralye region, and to analyze risk factors associated with UI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The population-based study was conducted by nested-typological method. Analysis was carried out on the data of 1487 women collected by a standard ICIQ-SF questionnaire, an assessment tool for female urinary incontinence recommended by the European Association of Urology. RESULTS: The study showed that the prevalence of UI among women aged 18 years and older in the South Priaralye region was 27%. The predominant type of the disease was stress UI since in 44.8% of women, the uncontrolled urine loss occurred during exercise. In 16.1% of women urgent type UI was observed, and in 38.6% mixed type of UI was found. The most significant risk factors for UI were recurrent urinary tract infection (odds ratio (OR) of 5.9 (95% confidence interval (CI) 4.12-8.38), gynecological disease (OR 2.7 (95% CI 1.99-3.59), enuresis in childhood (OR 2.4 (95% CI 1.21-4.88), constipation (OR = 2.1 (95% CI 1.45-2.93) the number of births (OR = 1.2 (95% CI 1,05-1.28), and occupation, namely work involving physical strain (odds ratio of 1.2 (95% CI 1.04-1.43). CONCLUSION: In the area of the South Priaralye, more than a fourth of adult females were found to have a UI. Understanding the nature and risk factors for UI will allow planning the resources required to provide treatment and preventive measures in the future.

[Experience of use of sling uretropexy by transobturator method in the treatment of women with stress urinary incontinence].

The article presents the results of the treatment of stress urinary incontinence in women using a sling uretropexy by transobturator method--TVT-O procedure. From 2008 to 2011, 67 patients underwent TVT-O surgery for stress urinary incontinence. The average age of the pa-tients was 48.1 +/- 3.1 years. The examination included ICIQ-SF questionnaire survey, filling out the voiding diary, inspection of the external genitalia, perineum and urethra, cough test, cystography to assess the shape and location of the bladder, as well as measuring the posterior vesicourethral angle. For the evaluation of functional state of the lower urinary tract, uroflowmetry was performed. In the immediate postoperative period, stress incontinence was eliminated completely in 60 (89.6%) patients; improvement was observed in 5 (7.5%) patients; and there was no effect of the operation in 2 (3%) patients. 12 months after surgical treatment, 43 (64.2%) women were very pleased with the result of the operation, 20 (29.9%) were satisfied with the result, and only 4 (5.9%) patients were not satisfied. The results suggest that the TVT-O surgery is a safe and effective method of surgical correction of stress urinary incontinence in women. This method of treatment requires thorough differential diagnosis between stress urinary incontinence and urge urinary incontinence, as well as taking into account the structural features of the pelvis.