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1.
Rev. bras. zootec ; 49: e20190032, 2020. tab
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1443368

ABSTRACT

This study evaluated the apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC) of essential (EAA) and non-essential (NEAA) amino acids of 13 ingredients for tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) diets. Proteic and energetic ingredients were analyzed separately. The trial with energetic and proteic ingredients were arranged in a randomized block design, with four replicates: energetic ingredients (corn, wheat bran, broken rice, and sorghum) with four treatments, whereas proteic ingredients (corn gluten meal, soybean meal, poultry byproduct meal, salmon meal, fish meal [tilapia processing residue], wheat gluten meal, feather meal, cottonseed meal, and alcohol yeast [spray dried]) with nine treatments. Each block was considered as one round of fecal collection. A total of 420 tambaqui juveniles (mean initial weight: 70±8.58 g) were used. Among energetic ingredients, corn (94.6%) and wheat bran (91.9%) had the highest ADCEAA, followed by broken rice (75.7%), and sorghum (72.8%). On average, ADCEAA and ADCNEAA values of proteic ingredients were 79.5-98.5%, except for alcohol yeast (ADCEAA: 68.4 and ADCNEAA: 76.7%). Tryptophan was the first limiting amino acid in most ingredients tested and had the lowest chemical scores (0.06-0.51), except for wheat bran, corn gluten meal, and soybean meal, in which lysine was the first limiting amino acid. Soybean meal had the highest digestible essential amino acid index (EAAI: 1.02) and the most balanced amino acid profile, whereas wheat gluten meal had the lowest EAAI (0.48). Overall, tambaqui was very efficient to digest proteic and energetic ingredients.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Characiformes/physiology , Food Ingredients/analysis , Animal Feed/analysis , Amino Acids/adverse effects
2.
Bioikos (Campinas, Online) ; 29(1): 29-34, 2015.
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1464011

ABSTRACT

Here, we tested the effect of diets with different levels of Agaricus blazei on hematological parameters of Oreochromis niloticus. We used 240 pre-adult fish that were fed twice a day for ten days. Fish were assigned randomly to three treatments, with two replicates each, which had different proportions of A. blazei, as follows: T1 - 0 mg, T2 - 750 mg, and T3 - 1500 mg/kg. After the experiment, we collected blood samples from eight fish of each treatment. There was an increase of immature leukocytes and hematocrit and a decrease of thrombocytes in fish fed with A.blazei.


Foi testado o efeito de dietas com diferentes proporções de Agaricus blazei em parâmetros hematológicos de tilápias do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus). Utilizamos 240 peixes pré-adultos, que foram alimentados duas vezes por dia durante 10 dias. Os peixes foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em três tratamentos com duas réplicas cada, nos quais variamos a proporção de ração de A. blazei: T1 - 0 mg, T2 - 750 mg e T3 - 1500 mg/kg. Após o experimento, coletamos o sangue de oito peixes de cada tratamento. Houve aumento de leucócitos imaturos e hematócrito e diminuição de trombócitos circulantes em peixes que receberam a suplementação com A.blazei.


Subject(s)
Animals , Agaricales , Aquaculture , Cichlids , Dietary Supplements , Tilapia , Hemocytes , Leukocytes , Blood Platelets , Hematologic Tests
3.
Bioikos ; 29(1): 29-34, 2015.
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: vti-379212

ABSTRACT

Here, we tested the effect of diets with different levels of Agaricus blazei on hematological parameters of Oreochromis niloticus. We used 240 pre-adult fish that were fed twice a day for ten days. Fish were assigned randomly to three treatments, with two replicates each, which had different proportions of A. blazei, as follows: T1 - 0 mg, T2 - 750 mg, and T3 - 1500 mg/kg. After the experiment, we collected blood samples from eight fish of each treatment. There was an increase of immature leukocytes and hematocrit and a decrease of thrombocytes in fish fed with A.blazei. (AU)


Foi testado o efeito de dietas com diferentes proporções de Agaricus blazei em parâmetros hematológicos de tilápias do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus). Utilizamos 240 peixes pré-adultos, que foram alimentados duas vezes por dia durante 10 dias. Os peixes foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em três tratamentos com duas réplicas cada, nos quais variamos a proporção de ração de A. blazei: T1 - 0 mg, T2 - 750 mg e T3 - 1500 mg/kg. Após o experimento, coletamos o sangue de oito peixes de cada tratamento. Houve aumento de leucócitos imaturos e hematócrito e diminuição de trombócitos circulantes em peixes que receberam a suplementação com A.blazei. (AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Tilapia , Aquaculture , Agaricales , Cichlids , Dietary Supplements , Blood Platelets , Hematologic Tests , Leukocytes , Hemocytes
4.
Rev. bras. saúde prod. anim ; 14(1): 185-194, Jan-Mar. 2013.
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1493204

ABSTRACT

This study investigated the influence of stocking density on the performance and physiological parameters of juvenile pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) reared in net cages. A total of 630 pacus (56.81 ± 7.76g) was randomly distributed into nine net cages (1m3), located in pond without water renovation. The experimental design was completely randomized with three densities (30; 70 and 110 fish/m3) and three replicates. The experiment was conducted over 90 days, with biometric measurements carried out every 30 days. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected from the fish to evaluate blood glucose, hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration, total plasma protein and chloride and then they were removed from the net cages to evaluate the productivity parameters. The results were analyzed by regression analysis. At 30; 60 and 90 days, there was a linear effect for weight and length, which decreased with increasing stocking densities. At the end of 90 days, the weight gain decreased with increasing densities and the reverse was observed in biomass gain. There was no differences in feed conversion ratio and survival rate. Only hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit value and plasma total protein levels were presented with positive linear correlation and increased with increasing densities. In spite of limited space available in the highest density, there was no adverse effect on the growth of pacu raised in cages for 90 days and it was considered the most adequate since it was not limiting productivity by providing a state of comfort for fish, resulting in better production.


Objetivou-se investigar a influência da densidade de estocagem no desempenho zootécnico e parâmetros fisiológicos de juvenis de pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) criados em tanques-rede. Um total de 630 pacus (56,81 ± 7,76g) foi distribuído aleatoriamente em nove tanques-rede (1m3). O delineamento foi inteiramente casualizado, com três densidades (30; 70 e 110 peixes/m3) e três repetições. O experimento durou 90 dias com biometrias realizadas a cada 30, para mensuração do peso, comprimento total, taxa de crescimento específico e cálculo do fator de condição. Ao final dos 90 dias, os peixes foram submetidos à coleta de sangue para avaliação de glicemia, hematócrito, hemoglobina, proteína plasmática total e cloreto e foram retirados dos tanques-rede para a avaliação dos parâmetros de produtividade. Os resultados foram analisados por análise de regressão. Aos 30; 60 e 90 dias de criação, foi verificada efeito linear negativo para peso e comprimento, os quais diminuíram com o aumento das densidades de estocagem. Ao final dos 90 dias de criação, o ganho de peso diminuiu com o aumento das densidades e o inverso foi observado no ganho de biomassa. Não foi verificada diferenças para conversão alimentar aparente e taxa de sobrevivência. Somente concentração de hemoglobina, valor de hematócrito e níveis de proteína plasmática total se apresentaram com correlação linear positiva e houve aumento das densidades testadas. Apesar da disponibilidade restrita de espaço encontrada na maior densidade de estocagem ter exercido efeito adverso no crescimento dos pacus, esta foi considerada a mais adequada.


Subject(s)
Animals , Characidae/growth & development , Characidae/physiology , Animal Feed , Animal Feed/analysis , Storage Tanks/analysis , Fisheries/analysis , Fisheries/adverse effects
5.
R. bras. Saúde Prod. Anim. ; 14(1): 185-194, Jan-Mar. 2013.
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: vti-695409

ABSTRACT

This study investigated the influence of stocking density on the performance and physiological parameters of juvenile pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) reared in net cages. A total of 630 pacus (56.81 ± 7.76g) was randomly distributed into nine net cages (1m3), located in pond without water renovation. The experimental design was completely randomized with three densities (30; 70 and 110 fish/m3) and three replicates. The experiment was conducted over 90 days, with biometric measurements carried out every 30 days. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected from the fish to evaluate blood glucose, hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration, total plasma protein and chloride and then they were removed from the net cages to evaluate the productivity parameters. The results were analyzed by regression analysis. At 30; 60 and 90 days, there was a linear effect for weight and length, which decreased with increasing stocking densities. At the end of 90 days, the weight gain decreased with increasing densities and the reverse was observed in biomass gain. There was no differences in feed conversion ratio and survival rate. Only hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit value and plasma total protein levels were presented with positive linear correlation and increased with increasing densities. In spite of limited space available in the highest density, there was no adverse effect on the growth of pacu raised in cages for 90 days and it was considered the most adequate since it was not limiting productivity by providing a state of comfort for fish, resulting in better production.(AU)


Objetivou-se investigar a influência da densidade de estocagem no desempenho zootécnico e parâmetros fisiológicos de juvenis de pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) criados em tanques-rede. Um total de 630 pacus (56,81 ± 7,76g) foi distribuído aleatoriamente em nove tanques-rede (1m3). O delineamento foi inteiramente casualizado, com três densidades (30; 70 e 110 peixes/m3) e três repetições. O experimento durou 90 dias com biometrias realizadas a cada 30, para mensuração do peso, comprimento total, taxa de crescimento específico e cálculo do fator de condição. Ao final dos 90 dias, os peixes foram submetidos à coleta de sangue para avaliação de glicemia, hematócrito, hemoglobina, proteína plasmática total e cloreto e foram retirados dos tanques-rede para a avaliação dos parâmetros de produtividade. Os resultados foram analisados por análise de regressão. Aos 30; 60 e 90 dias de criação, foi verificada efeito linear negativo para peso e comprimento, os quais diminuíram com o aumento das densidades de estocagem. Ao final dos 90 dias de criação, o ganho de peso diminuiu com o aumento das densidades e o inverso foi observado no ganho de biomassa. Não foi verificada diferenças para conversão alimentar aparente e taxa de sobrevivência. Somente concentração de hemoglobina, valor de hematócrito e níveis de proteína plasmática total se apresentaram com correlação linear positiva e houve aumento das densidades testadas. Apesar da disponibilidade restrita de espaço encontrada na maior densidade de estocagem ter exercido efeito adverso no crescimento dos pacus, esta foi considerada a mais adequada.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Characidae/growth & development , Characidae/physiology , Storage Tanks/analysis , Animal Feed/analysis , Animal Feed , Fisheries/adverse effects , Fisheries/analysis
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