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J Hist Med Allied Sci ; 68(3): 416-50, 2013 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22298563

ABSTRACT

Tuberculosis was the leading cause of death in early twentieth-century America. Reducing the sputum vector of contagion by changing public behavior initially focused on anti-spitting campaigns. According to most Progressive Era health experts, "promiscuous" spitting was a prime culprit in spreading the disease. Beginning in 1896 in New York, towns and cities throughout America passed anti-spitting legislation, sometimes creating tensions between individual liberty and the need to protect public health, and often highlighting class issues. Progressives viewed anti-spitting legislation in a favorable light because they advocated improving the health and well-being of Americans using state-of-the-art medical knowledge and because they often advocated the use of law and the coercive power of the state to impose order on society.


Subject(s)
Public Health/legislation & jurisprudence , Sputum/microbiology , Tuberculosis/history , Germ Theory of Disease/history , Health Behavior , History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , Humans , Law Enforcement/history , Sanitation/history , Tuberculosis/prevention & control , United States
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