ABSTRACT
Patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or Alzheimer's disease (AD) might develop olfactory dysfunction that correlates with progression of disease. Alteration of olfactory neuroepithelium associated with MCI may be useful as predictor of cognitive decline. Biomarkers with higher sensitivity and specificity would allow to understand the biological progression of the pathology in association with the clinical course of the disease. In this study, magnetic resonance images, apolipoprotein E (ApoE) load, Olfactory Connecticut test and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) indices were obtained from noncognitive impaired (NCI), MCI and AD patients. We established a culture of patient-derived olfactory stromal cells from biopsies of olfactory mucosa (OM) to test whether biological properties of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are concurrent with MCI and AD psychophysical pathology. We determined the expression of amyloid Aß peptides in the neuroepithelium of tissue sections from MCI and AD, as well as in cultured cells of OM. Reduced migration and proliferation of stromal (CD90(+) ) cells in MCI and AD with respect to NCI patients was determined. A higher proportion of anosmic MCI and AD cases were concurrent with the ApoE ε4 allele. In summary, dysmetabolism of amyloid was concurrent with migration and proliferation impairment of patient-derived stem cells.
Subject(s)
Alzheimer Disease/metabolism , Amyloid beta-Peptides/metabolism , Cognitive Dysfunction/metabolism , Mesenchymal Stem Cells/metabolism , Olfaction Disorders/complications , Olfactory Mucosa/metabolism , Adult , Aged , Alzheimer Disease/complications , Alzheimer Disease/genetics , Alzheimer Disease/physiopathology , Apolipoprotein E3/genetics , Apolipoprotein E4/genetics , Cell Movement , Cognitive Dysfunction/complications , Cognitive Dysfunction/genetics , Cognitive Dysfunction/physiopathology , Female , Hippocampus/pathology , Humans , Male , Mesenchymal Stem Cells/physiology , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Helicobacter pylori is the main bacterial agent implicated in human gastroduodenal inflammatory pathologies; being one of the most common bacterial pathogens, with a high prevalence in Venezuela. The diagnosis of H. pylori infection is performed primarily in gastric biopsies through PCR; however, string-absorbed gastric juice and esophageal biopsies could be also used as alternative specimens to determine the infection. In this study the H. pylori infection was assessed in different specimens of the upper tract digestive of dyspeptic patients, though the detection by PCR of essential genes (glmM and ureA) and genes encoding virulence factors (cagA). Of 104 patients studied, H. pylori was found in 53.8, 69,2 and 58,7% of gastric juice, and gastric and esophageal biopsies, respectively; with predominance of the strains type I (cagA+) in juice and gastric biopsies, and strains type II (cagA-) in esophageal biopsies. The detection of H. pylori in gastric juice and esophageal biopsies showed high sensitivity and specificity, in comparison with the detection in gastric biopsies, suggesting that both types of specimens may be used efficiently for a secure diagnosis of H. pylori infection.
Subject(s)
Helicobacter Infections/diagnosis , Helicobacter pylori , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Biopsy , DNA, Bacterial/analysis , Dyspepsia/microbiology , Esophagus/pathology , Gastric Juice/chemistry , Helicobacter Infections/complications , Helicobacter pylori/genetics , Humans , Middle Aged , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Stomach/pathology , Young AdultABSTRACT
Helicobacter pylori es el principal agente bacteriano implicado en lesiones gastroduodenales inflamatorias en humanos y una de las bacterias patógenas más comunes, con una alta prevalencia en Venezuela. El diagnóstico de la infección por H. pylori se realiza frecuentemente en biopsias gástricas mediante PCR; sin embargo, el jugo gástrico y las biopsias esofágicas podrían también ser utilizadas como muestras alternativas para determinar la infección. En el presente trabajo se evalúo la infección por H. pylori en diferentes muestras del tracto digestivo superior de pacientes dispépticos, mediante la detección por PCR de genes esenciales (glmM y ureA) y de virulencia (cagA). De los 104 pacientes estudiados, H. pylori fue encontrado en 53,8; 69,2 y 58,7% de las muestras de jugo gástrico y biopsias gástricas y esofágicas, respectivamente, con una predominancia de cepas tipo I (cagA+) en jugo y biopsias gástricas y cepas tipo II (cagA-) en biopsias esofágicas. La detección de H. pylori en jugo gástrico y biopsias esofágicas mostró una alta sensibilidad y especificidad en relación a la detección en biopsias gástricas, lo cual sugiere que ambos tipos de muestras pueden ser utilizados eficazmente para un diagnóstico seguro de la infección por H. pylori.
Helicobacter pylori is the main bacterial agent implicated in human gastroduodenal inflammatory pathologies; being one of the most common bacterial pathogens, with a high prevalence in Venezuela. The diagnosis of H. pylori infection is performed primarily in gastric biopsies through PCR; however, string-absorbed gastric juice and esophageal biopsies could be also used as alternative specimens to determine the infection. In this study the H. pylori infection was assessed in different specimens of the upper tract digestive of dyspeptic patients, though the detection by PCR of essential genes (glmM and ureA) and genes encoding virulence factors (cagA). Of 104 patients studied, H. pylori was found in 53.8, 69,2 and 58,7% of gastric juice, and gastric and esophageal biopsies, respectively; with predominance of the strains type I (cagA+) in juice and gastric biopsies, and strains type II (cagA-) in esophageal biopsies. The detection of H. pylori in gastric juice and esophageal biopsies showed high sensitivity and specificity, in comparison with the detection in gastric biopsies, suggesting that both types of specimens may be used efficiently for a secure diagnosis of H. pylori infection.