ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Oral sex among teenagers is on the rise. Similarity between the oral flora and organisms recovered from nongonococcal urethritis and prostatitis, points to retrograde entry of bacteria from oral cavity into the urethra following insertive oral intercourse. PRESENTATION OF THE HYPOTHESIS: Chlorhexidine has a wide spectrum of anti-bactericidal activity encompassing gram positive and negative bacteria. It is also effective against HIV and HBV. It produced large and prolonged reductions in salivary bacterial counts within 7-h of its use. Hence, it would seem logic to postulate that rinsing with chlorhexidine before oral sex will be effective for prevention of retrograde entry of bacteria from oral cavity into the urethra. The recommendation for rinsing will be: 15 ml of a 0.12% or 10 ml of 0.2% chlorhexidine rinse for 30 seconds. Also other drug delivery systems such as chlorhexidine chewing gum or spray can be used. TESTING THE HYPOTHESIS: Men suffering from recurrent nongonococcal urethritis or prostatitis are good subjects for testing the hypothesis. They perform genital safe sex via consistent use of condom. Yet they generally received unprotected insertive oral intercourse. Chlorhexidine can be used for prevention of recurrences of the disease. IMPLICATIONS OF THE HYPOTHESIS: The chlorhexidine will be a new, easy, attractive and effective method for reduction of nongonococcal urethritis, prostatitis and epidydimitis following insertive oral intercourse. It is poorly absorbed from skin, mucosa and gastrointestinal tract indicating systemic safety of chlorhexidine. The agent does not cause any bacterial resistance and supra-infection.
ABSTRACT
In this hypothesis we try to suggest a new blinding protocol acting as a gold standard for design and conduction of unbiased clinical trials. All of the following five categories of key trial persons should be blinded to treatment allocation: (a) participants, (b) healthcare providers, (c) data collectors, (d) outcome assessors and (e) data analysts. Furthermore, personnel writing the manuscript should be blinded through submission two drafts of a manuscript, with draft 1 written assuming that group A is the treatment group and draft 2 assuming that group B is the treatment group. Also, double-blind peer review procedure (in which the reviewers' and authors' names and affiliations are not disclosed to one another) should be carried out. Test of the success of blinding should be used. Participants, healthcare providers and data collectors, should be tested for the success of blinding in early stage of the trial and at the end of the trial. For outcome assessors, data analysts, manuscript writers and peer reviewers one test session in the end of their work is enough.
Subject(s)
Research Design , Peer Review, ResearchABSTRACT
Direct electric current is a potent biologic mean to accelerate periodontal tissue turnover and orthodontic tooth movement. The main problem associated with this approach is the source of electricity. A noninvasive, removable enzymatic micro-battery, will administer minute electric currents to the alveolar bone and oral soft tissues, utilizing glucose as a fuel, becoming a possible source of the electrical power required for accelerating the velocity of orthodontic tooth movement.
