Second Primary Tumors associated with Breast Cancer: Kuwait Cancer Control Center Experience.

OBJECTIVES: To review the clinico-epidemiologic characteristics of patients who presented with two or more primary cancers, one of which was breast cancer (BC) and to develop a follow-up program for the high risk patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients who were diagnosed with BC and one or more non breast cancer (NBC) were retrospectively reviewed. Medical files were retrieved and epidemiological as well as clinical data were analyzed. RESULTS: Sixty-two patients were retrieved. BC was the first primary in 26 patients while it was the second in 36 patients. Two were males and 60 were females. The median age was 48 years and the median follow-up was 11.5 years. The median interval between the 1st and 2nd primary was 6 years. The most commonly associated NBCs were colon and thyroid cancers, each accounts for 24% of cases followed by endometrial cancer, 18%; Hodgkin's disease, 6.5%; renal and ovarian neoplasm and NHL, 5% each. Others included prostate, lung, cervical and gastric cancers, soft tissue sarcoma and osteosarcoma. Thyroid cancer was more common as first cancer while endometrial cancer was more as second cancer. All patients who developed BC following Hodgkin's disease had received chest irradiation. Seven patients developed 3rd primary (4 lung cancers, 2 NHL, and 1 AML). CONCLUSION: Patients who were diagnosed with BC should be screened for colon and endometrial cancer. Similarly, patients received chest irradiation at young age, and those diagnosed with thyroid or colon cancer should be screened for BC. Protocol of surveillance needs to be defined. Genetic counseling should be offered to individuals who have experienced multiple primary cancers particularly those with family history and young age of onset.

Metaplastic breast carcinoma: Analysis of 31 cases from a single institute.

PURPOSE: Metaplastic carcinoma of the breast (MBC) accounts for less than 1% of all mammary tumors. This study aimed at revision of the clinico-pathological features, treatment strategy and outcome for MBC patients presented to the Kuwait Cancer Control Center to define the clinical behavior and prognostic factors of these neoplasms in our population. PATIENT AND METHODS: Thirty-one patients were retrieved from our surgical pathology registry between January 2005 and December 2014. Medical records were revised regarding the clinico-pathological features and treatment outcome. RESULTS: MBC represented 1% of our breast cancer patients. The median age was 50years (32-70years). Two patients presented with metastatic disease. Mastectomy was done for 24 patients and 7 had conservative surgery. The median tumor size at the time of surgery was 5.5cm (1.5-12cm). Axillary nodes were negative in 21 patients (N0), 5 patients were N1, 4 patients were N2 and one Nx. Three histological subtypes were presented: carcinosarcoma (7 cases), squamous cell carcinoma/IDC with squamous differentiation (15 cases), high grade IDC with metaplastic differentiation (9 cases). Immunohistochemically, 26 were negative hormone receptors and all were negative for Her2/neu overexpression. Chemotherapy was used in 28 patients, and adjuvant radiotherapy in 24 patients. The median follow-up was 47months (7-126months), six patients lost follow-up. The 5-year OS was 69% and 5-year PFS was 50%. CONCLUSION: MBC is a rare entity among breast carcinoma in Kuwait. Most of the cases present with poor prognostic indicators and often show lack of expression of ER, PR and Her2/neu.

Phyllodes tumors of the breast: Analysis of 35 cases from a single institution.

BACKGROUND: Phyllodes tumors are rare fibroepithelial breast tumors with diverse biological behavior. Our study aim is to review the clinico-pathological features, prognostic factors and treatment outcome for patients presenting with phyllodes tumors of the breast to the Kuwait Cancer Control Center (KCCC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical and pathological data of 35 women of histologically proved phyllodes tumors of the breast retrieved between January 1994 and December 2012. RESULTS: The median age was 40years (21-63years). The median pathological tumor size was 6.8cm (3-25cm). Histologically, one patient (3%) presented with benign, 13 (37%) with borderline and 21 (60%) with malignant phyllodes. Twenty-eight patients (80%) were premenopausal. Twenty (57%) were ultimately treated with mastectomy (3 borderline, and 17 malignant) and 15 (43%) with conservative surgery (1 benign, 10 borderline and 4 malignant). Axillary staging was carried out in 9 patients (1 borderline and 8 malignant), none of them had nodal metastasis. Four patients with malignant phyllodes received postoperative radiotherapy. After a median follow-up period of 52months (range 5-211months), 5 developed local recurrence (1 benign, 2 borderline and 2 malignant). One patient with malignant phyllodes developed distant lung metastasis. The overall 5-year relapse free survival (RFS) was 74% (68% for borderline and 84% for malignant phyllodes). According to the treatment modality, the 5-year RFS was 69% for conservative surgery compared to 87% for mastectomy. It was 100% for irradiated patients versus 71% for non irradiated patients. CONCLUSION: Phyllodes tumors are rare tumors that occur in relatively young women, when compared with the classical adenocarcinoma of the breast. They have a tendency to reach large sizes with absence of nodal metastasis. Although surgery is the mainstay of management, postoperative radiotherapy also appears to decrease the local recurrence rates in certain presentations.