Psychology trainee and supervisor perspectives of multicultural supervision.

The development and dissemination of multicultural competence in the field of clinical psychology is garnering increased attention. Providing multicultural supervision enhances multicultural competence and benefits the supervisor, supervisee, and client. However, there is little research on how multicultural supervision is provided and how it could be improved. The purpose of this study was to evaluate multicultural supervision and identity-related harassment within two cohorts of interns (N = 18) and 40 psychology supervisors from a large New England Veterans affairs (VA) Healthcare System. Response rates were 72.2% for trainees and 42.5% for supervisors. Respondents indicated there is significant variability across supervisors in the types and frequency of supervision techniques used. Trainees identified behaviors they would like supervisors to offer more; the most common were "discussion of client's cultural or ethnic background as it relates to clinical presentation or client perspective of challenges" and "discuss how aspects of diversity, power, privilege could influence the therapy relationship." Supervisors also indicated what behaviors they would like to offer more, with the most common being "provide examples of conceptualization or theory that directly incorporate identity" and "provide time/opportunity in supervision for my own self-reflection and examination." A majority of trainees and supervisors (76.9% and 68.8%, respectively) reported experiencing harassment based on an aspect of their identity, most commonly originating from clients. We discuss recommendations for improving multicultural supervision and addressing harassment. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Patient and provider barriers, facilitators, and implementation preferences of intimate partner violence perpetration screening.

BACKGROUND: The substantial prevalence and consequences of intimate partner violence (IPV) underscore the need for effective healthcare response in the way of screening and follow up care. Despite growing evidence regarding perspectives on healthcare-based screening for IPV experiences (i.e., victimization), there is an extremely limited evidence-base to inform practice and policy for detecting IPV use (i.e., perpetration). This study identified barriers, facilitators, and implementation preferences among United States (US) Veterans Health Administration (VHA) patients and providers for IPV use screening. METHODS: We conducted qualitative interviews with patients enrolled in VHA healthcare (N = 10) and focus groups with VHA providers across professional disciplines (N = 29). Data was analyzed using thematic and content analyses. RESULTS: Qualitative analysis revealed convergence between patients' and providers' beliefs regarding key factors for IPV use screening, including the importance of a strong rapport, clear and comprehensive processes and procedures, universal implementation of screening, and a self-report screening tool that assesses for both IPV use and experiences concurrently. CONCLUSIONS: Findings provide foundational information regarding patient and provider barriers, facilitators, and preferences for IPV use screening that can inform clinical practice and next steps in this important but understudied aspect of healthcare.

"I Think It's Pretty Much the Same, as It Should Be": Perspectives of Inpatient Care Among Women Veterans.

The purpose of this study was to gain a deeper understanding of the inpatient hospitalization experience for women veterans through in-depth interviews. Women veterans who were admitted for inpatient care on medical units within a university-affiliated VA hospital were invited to participate in a semistructured interview that inquired about their hospital experience, interactions with medical providers, and how being a woman veteran might affect this experience. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using constant comparative method until thematic saturation was achieved ( n = 25). Three themes, (a) Being a woman and a veteran: Intersecting identities, (b) Expecting equality and equity, and (c) Defining woman-centered inpatient care described the unique perspective and context for Veterans Health Administration (VHA) health care of women veterans. These findings provide insight and guidance to clinical practice and care delivery for women veterans, including training and interpersonal approaches medical providers can take to improve the hospital experience for women.

Social anxiety across ethnicity: a confirmatory factor analysis of the FNE and SAD.

Previous research has established that social anxiety occurs at different rates in African American and European American populations (Grant et al., 2005), while psychometric investigations of widely used measures of psychopathology show differences in factor structure based on ethnic background (Carter, Miller, Sbrocco, Suchday, & Lewis, 1999; Chapman, Williams, Mast, & Woodruff-Borden, 2009). The current study examined response characteristics of 1276 African American and European American undergraduates completing the Fear of Negative Evaluation and Social Avoidance and Distress Scales (Watson & Friend, 1969). Confirmatory factor analyses failed to demonstrate factorial invariance in the two ethnic samples, and Wald tests suggested several items on both measures be dropped for African Americans. Results suggest the FNE and SAD operate differently across ethnic groups. Implications for the cross-cultural measurement of social anxiety and the importance of continued rigorous psychometric inquiry of commonly used measures are discussed.