Gamma-ray shielding characteristics of concrete containing different percentage of ceramics for different energies.

To shield people from dangerous gamma radiation, it is imperative to fabricate inexpensive and environmentally friendly materials. In the present work, suitability of concrete with various % concentrations of ceramics as gamma-ray shielding material has been studied. In this regard, concrete mixture using M-sand and cement with ceramic as filler in different concentrations has been prepared. The mass attenuation coefficients of the prepared samples were measured for different concentrations of ceramics such as 15, 30, 45 and 60%. The mass attenuation coefficients, half value layer (HVL) and tenth vale layer (TVL) of the prepared samples were determined using gamma-ray spectrometer with NaI(Tl) detector at 511, 661.6, 1173, 1332 keV gamma energies. Experimentally obtained mass attenuation coefficients varied from 0.080 to 0.090, 0.074 to 0.086, 0.056 to 0.072 and 0.054 to 0.055 cm2 g-1 at 511, 662, 1173 and 1332 keV, respectively. Therefore concrete mixture with ceramics filler could be a promising shielding material than the bare concrete.

Study on polymer composites with glass for gamma ray shielding.

The shielding of gamma radiation is of the utmost importance in industries, such as nuclear power plants, medical imaging, and space exploration. For the purpose of shielding objects in such an environment, it is essential to design materials with flexibility as well as high shielding capability. In order to enhance the radiation attenuation effectiveness of polymers, such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), glass has been blended with varying percentages. The fabricated composite has been subjected to gamma-ray interaction studies. The radiation shielding parameter, such as mass attenuation coefficient (µ/ρ), has been determined for various energies, such as 137Cs (661.6 keV) and 60Co (1173 and 1332 keV). It is observed that the PVA composite with glass exhibits improved gamma radiation shielding properties compared to PVA. Therefore, the present work paves the way for the utility of PVA polymer with glass, offering a cost-effective and sustainable approach to gamma radiation shielding in radiation environments.

Gamma-ray interaction studies of concrete with waste glass fillers.

In the present work, the efficacy of waste glass as fillers in concrete for gamma-ray shielding has been studied. Glass fillers of 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60% concentrations have been incorporated into the concrete mixture. The attenuation measurements were performed using gamma spectrometer with NaI(Tl) detector at 511, 662, 1173, and 1332 keV gamma energies. Gamma-ray shielding parameters, such as the mass attenuation coefficient (µ/ρ), are determined for all filler concentrations. The mass attenuation coefficient of the prepared samples was found to be varied from 0.081 to 0.088, 0.071 to 0.088, 0.05 to 0.058, and 0.05 to 0.055 (cm2 per g) for 511, 662, 1173, and 1332 keV gamma energies, respectively. It was observed that experimentally determined (µ/ρ) values were in very good agreement with theoretical values calculated from EDAX data. Furthermore, it was observed that (µ/ρ) showed an increasing trend with an increase in filler concentration, which is attributed to the increase in the shielding property of the material. Therefore, the glass-concrete composite can be accustomed to reduce the intensity of gamma radiation.