Operative Management: Plantar Plate.

The plantar plate is a vital structure for maintaining lesser metatarsophalangeal joint (MPJ) stability. Its primary role is to provide static stabilization of the MPJs, working in conjunction with the long and short flexor and extensor tendons. When insufficiency or attenuation of the plantar plate occurs, a sagittal plane deformity will slowly develop, eventually leading to a "crossover toe" transverse plane deformity. Coughlin coined this descriptive term to describe the later stages of deformity, most commonly affecting the second MPJ. Shortly after, Yu and Judge elaborated on this condition describing it as "predislocation syndrome," an inflammatory condition affecting the plantar plate causing pain and instability, which could progress to subluxation at the MPJ.

The ABCESS System for Chronic Wound Management: A New Acronym for Lower Extremity Wound Management.

The authors propose a new acronym to promote teaching and learning evidence-based care for wounds of the lower extremity, maximizing healing potential, and assuring the ability to adapt to everchanging new technologies. ABCESS is a comprehensive framework for the assessment of a patient with a lower extremity wound. Wound care clinicians benefit from a system that is broad enough to include new guidelines and technologies as they appear. The TIME/DIME model has been used for many years to assist clinicians in thorough wound bed management. In order to expand the model to be able to address all aspects of lower extremity wound healing, ABCESS was developed. TIME has recently also been expanded to TIMERS in an attempt to address this. The ABCESS acronym was originally developed at the Temple University School of Podiatric Medicine to use as a teaching tool and organizational aid for students of wound healing. Each letter was used as a framework to aid the wound care clinician in performing a complete assessment of the patient with chronic wounds of the lower extremity: All of the patient, including a complete history, physical assessment, and systemic disease overview (with nutrition) to assess the physical aspects of the patient presenting with a wound; wound Bed management to include Bioload, Biofilm, cellular assessment of Biomarkers using polymerase chain reaction/DNA analysis, and wound Biopsy; Circulation to include arterial, venous, and lymphatic circulation; Edema, Exudate, and Erythema management focusing on dressing and compression choices; Skin protection and treatment to include wound edge, periwound skin, and offloading management; Social, Societal, and Spiritual factors, including assessment of the immediate social environment, the wider societal limiting factors, and personal, spiritual, and psychological issues affecting this patient's wound care.

Bridging cultural sociology and cognitive psychology in three contemporary research programmes.

Three prominent research programmes in cognitive psychology would benefit from a stronger engagement with the cultural context of cognition: studies of poverty focused on scarcity and cognitive bandwidth, studies of dual-process morality and studies of biases using the implicit association test. We address some limitations of these programmes and suggest research strategies for moving beyond an exclusive focus on cognition. Research on poverty using the cognitive bandwidth approach would benefit from considering the cultural schemas that influence how people perceive and prioritize needs. Dual-process morality researchers could explain variation by analysing cultural repertoires that structure moral choices. Research using the implicit association test can better explain implicit attitudes by addressing the variability in cultural schemas that undergird biases. We identify how these research programmes can deepen the causal understanding of human attitudes and behaviours by addressing the interaction between internal cognition and supra-individual cultural repertoires.

Publisher Correction: Bridging cultural sociology and cognitive psychology in three contemporary research programmes.

Owing to a technical error, Bo Yun Park's affiliation was incorrect in the originally published HTML version of this Perspective and should have read: Department of Sociology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA. This has now been corrected. The PDF version is correct.

Superstorm Sandy: How the New York University Psychiatry Residency Training Program Weathered the Storm.

OBJECTIVE: The teaching hospitals of the New York University psychiatry residency program were evacuated and then closed for a minimum of 3 months in the aftermath of Superstorm Sandy. Faculty and residents were deployed to alternate clinical sites. The authors examine the consequences of Superstorm Sandy and its implications for the New York University psychiatry residency training program. METHODS: A survey was administered to faculty and residents. RESULTS: The authors tabulated 98 surveys, for which 24 % of faculty and 84 % of residents responded. Among respondents, 61 % believed that being involved in the evacuation of the hospitals was a positive experience. During deployment, most (85 %) found being placed with peers and supervisors to be beneficial, but there were significant disruptions. CONCLUSION: Despite facing multiple challenges including closed facilities, deployment to nonaffiliated hospitals, and exhausted personal resources, the training program continued to provide accredited clinical experiences, a core curriculum, and supervision for psychiatry residents during and after Superstorm Sandy.