ABSTRACT
The antimutagenic and geroprotective activities of root extracts of Glycyrrhiza glabra have been demonstrated both on plant test systems--Allium fistulosum L., Allium cepa L., Vicia faba L. and on animals--Vistar rats. The possibilities of the mobilization of Glycyrrhiza glabra root extracts as antimutagenic agents are discussed.
Subject(s)
Anaphase/drug effects , Antimutagenic Agents/pharmacology , Chromosome Aberrations/drug effects , Chromosomes, Plant/drug effects , Glycyrrhiza/chemistry , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Plant Roots/chemistry , Anaphase/genetics , Anaphase/radiation effects , Animals , Antimutagenic Agents/isolation & purification , Bone Marrow/drug effects , Bone Marrow/metabolism , Bone Marrow/radiation effects , Chromosome Aberrations/radiation effects , Chromosomes, Plant/radiation effects , Gamma Rays , Male , Methylnitrosourea/pharmacology , Mutagenicity Tests , Mutagens/pharmacology , Onions/drug effects , Onions/genetics , Onions/radiation effects , Plant Extracts/isolation & purification , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Solvents , Vicia faba/drug effects , Vicia faba/genetics , Vicia faba/radiation effects , WaterABSTRACT
The antimutagenic activities of the oils obtained from leaves and fruits of Fagus orientalis have been shown in experiments with spontaneous and mutagen- and ageing-induced variability. The aberrations of chromosomes in the meristematic cells of the Allium cepa L., Vicia faba L., Triticum aestivum L., and marrow cells of Vistar rats as well as Arabidopsis thaliana gene mutations have been mobilized as experimental tests.
Subject(s)
Antimutagenic Agents/pharmacology , Arabidopsis/drug effects , Bone Marrow/metabolism , Fagus/chemistry , Meristem/drug effects , Oils/pharmacology , Onions/drug effects , Triticum/drug effects , Vicia faba/drug effects , Animals , Antimutagenic Agents/chemistry , Arabidopsis/chemistry , Arabidopsis/genetics , Bone Marrow/chemistry , Bone Marrow/drug effects , Chlorophyll/analysis , Chlorophyll/chemistry , Chromosome Aberrations/drug effects , Chromosomes/drug effects , Fruit/chemistry , Meristem/chemistry , Meristem/genetics , Methylnitrosourea/adverse effects , Mutagens/adverse effects , Nitrosoguanidines/adverse effects , Oils/chemistry , Onions/chemistry , Onions/genetics , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Plant Leaves/chemistry , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Triticum/chemistry , Triticum/genetics , Vicia faba/chemistry , Vicia faba/geneticsABSTRACT
Antimutagenic action of plant extracts of Armoracia rusticana, Ficus carica, Zea mays and their mixture on environmental xenobiotics has been investigated. The plant extracts and their mixture decreased the level of mutations induced by N-metil-N'-nitro-N-nitrozoguanidin (MNNG) in Vicia faba cells, chlorophyll mutations in Arabidopsis thaliana and NaF induced mutability in rat marrow cells. The studied plant extracts and their mixture demonstrate the ability to decrease the genotoxicity of environmental mutagens.
Subject(s)
Antimutagenic Agents/pharmacology , Armoracia/chemistry , Ficus/chemistry , Zea mays/chemistry , Animals , Antimutagenic Agents/isolation & purification , Arabidopsis/drug effects , Arabidopsis/genetics , Bone Marrow/drug effects , Chromosome Aberrations/chemically induced , Chromosome Aberrations/drug effects , Drug Synergism , Mutagens/toxicity , Peroxidase/pharmacology , Plant Extracts/isolation & purification , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Plant Shoots/chemistry , Rats , Vicia faba/drug effects , Vicia faba/geneticsABSTRACT
Antimutagenic activity of the extracts of tea leaves from different stages of technological processing has been investigated. Culture of human lymphocyte cells was used as a test-object. Mutations have been induced with gamma-rays, N-methyl-N1-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) and benz-[a]-pyren. All the extracts showed ability to decrease the frequency of chromosome aberrations with high effectiveness. The effectiveness of green tea leaf extracts was higher in comparison with the effectiveness of the extracts from the late stages of processing.
Subject(s)
Antimutagenic Agents/pharmacology , Camellia sinensis/chemistry , Chromosome Aberrations/drug effects , Lymphocytes/drug effects , Mutation , Benzo(a)pyrene/toxicity , Cells, Cultured , Chromosome Aberrations/chemically induced , Chromosome Aberrations/radiation effects , Gamma Rays , Humans , Lymphocytes/radiation effects , Mutagens/toxicity , Nitrosoguanidines/toxicity , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Plant Leaves/chemistryABSTRACT
Antimutagene activity and high efficiency of antimutagene action of plant extracts from horseradish roots (Armoracia rusticana), fig brunches (Ficus carica) and mays seedlings (Zea mays) and their ability to decrease the frequency of spontaneous and induced by gamma-rays chromosome aberrations in meristematic cells of Vicia faba and marrow cells of mice have been shown. Comparative assessment of genoprotective properties of peroxidase and the studied extracts has revealed higher efficiency of antimutagene action of peroxidase.
Subject(s)
Antimutagenic Agents/pharmacology , Peroxidase/pharmacology , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Animals , Armoracia , Bone Marrow Cells/drug effects , Bone Marrow Cells/radiation effects , Chromosome Aberrations/drug effects , Ficus , Gamma Rays , Mice , Plant Roots/drug effects , Plant Roots/radiation effects , Seeds/drug effects , Seeds/radiation effects , Vicia faba/drug effects , Vicia faba/radiation effects , Zea maysABSTRACT
The mutagenic activity of nitrogen mustard derivatives of aminovinylketones (NP-130, NP-161, NP-163), aminovinylphosphoric acid (RVS-445, RVS-446, RVS-448, RVS-398) and ethylene imine derivatives of ethane sulphonic acid (AR, RJ) was established for the first time in the experiments with Allium fistulosum L. The mutagenic activity of aminovinylketones (NP-130, NP-160) was established for the first time in the experiments with Crepis capillaris (L.) Wallr. The effect of the compounds studied on the seedlings characterized by the high level of natural mutability of chromosomes did not alter the spectrum of structural chromosome mutations. As it is shown by the results of the analysis, the compounds studied exert their action mainly at the S stage of the cell cycle. However, the initiation of potential changes at the G1 stage that are realized into actual breaks at the S stage is not excluded. In some experiments in which high concentrations of mutagens were used no delayed effect was observed which might be explained by the action of mutagens on cells at the G2 stage or at a still later stage.
