[Use of trental for correction of disorders in the system of hemostasys in patients with fibro-cavernous tuberculosis and chronic pulmonary heart].

The effect of trental on hemostasys system depending on the degree of heart failure was studied in patients with fibrocavernous pulmonary tuberculosis complicated by chronic pulmonary heart disease. Established the desirability of placing trental in the treatment regimen of patients with fibrocavernous pulmonary tuberculosis and compensated CPHD in order to correct violations of the microcirculation and prevention of circulatory decompensation.

[Debitometry in outcome forecasting of lower limb artery reconstructions in elderly and senile patients].

We use perfusion roller debitometry as an original method of flowmetry. Roller pump enables to support perfusion pressure at constant level. This way, we can estimate the flow rate of distal vascular throughput at aorto-femoral and femoro-popliteal reconstruction for success of operation.

[Molecular genetic and bacteriological methods for the diagnosis of multidrug resistant M. tuberculosis].

For the early diagnosis of multidrug resistant tuberculosis, 67 sputum samples obtained from primary patients with different clinical forms of pulmonary tuberculosis were examined by the molecular genetic test using the TB-Biochip test system. Having a high sensitivity and specificity, the molecular genetic test for determining the drug sensitivity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis substantially accelerates its diagnosis (2-3 days) before the real-time mode of a patient's admission to the clinic. The method allows identification of mutations in the rpoB (resistance to R), katG, inhG, and ahpC (resistance to H) genes, which permits timely correction of performed specific treatment.

[Clinical and morphological features of peripheral lymph node tuberculosis].

Under social, ecological and medical-preventive factors there are changes in the clinical and morphological behavior of peripheral lymph nodes tuberculosis observed. The analysis based on the result of the general clinical inspection, objective examination and cytomorphological investigations. Also, it is significant non-disseminated disease course without evident sings of tuberculous intoxication. The morphological substrate of the peripheral lymph nodes tuberculosis is caseation with or without Koch's bacillus.

[Topicality of an individual computer-aided database for the analysis of epidemiological indices in Azerbaijan].

The prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis and especially multidrug-resistant tuberculosis arouses special alarm and these forms of tuberculosis are widespread in the countries of the former Soviet countries. To study this problem in the republic, the authors analyze the records obtained by the Research Institute of Pulmonary Diseases from all TB facilities in 2000-2007 and the data of a test for drug sensitivity in Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the cohort of new cases of tuberculosis in 2006-2007. Sixty-nine (100%) TB service facilities have submitted the records. A total of 33 019 new cases of tuberculosis in 2000-2007 have been analyzed. The results of a test for drug resistance in MBT in 503 new cases have been included into the study and analyzed. The analysis suggests that there is a certain share of conventionality and inadequate validity of the data obtained from consolidated areas. In each of the 11 zones, there are areas with great variations in morbidity and morbidity rates. This shows it necessary to make a target monitoring of the epidemic situation in the regions and to strive not to consolidate for ease the neighboring administrative areas for ease during an analysis; it is expedient to divide the areas into adequately minimum ones. This point monitoring requires individualized electronic systems that provide the input of personified information on each new case of tuberculosis. It is recommended that the individualized electronic system for monitoring the basic epidemiological parameters, including the prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis, to be introduced, by taking into account the demographic, social, and geographical features of administrative areas.

[Endobronchial laser therapy in the surgery of pulmonary tuberculosis]. / Endobronkhial'naia lazerterapiia v khirurgii tuberkuleza legkikh.

Endobronchial helium-neon laser therapy was used in 80 patients to undergo surgical intervention. For evaluation of the efficiency of laser therapy, the patients were divided into 2 groups: 1) 50 patients with chronic destructive pulmonary tuberculosis and 2) 30 with postoperative bronchopulmonary complications. A control group included 80 patients with the similar processes. Laser therapy used Group 1 patients expanded indications for surgical intervention. The resections of the lung made in led to postoperative complications in 32% of Group 1 patients and in 63% of the controls. Laser therapy in Group 2 patients promotes sanitation of the bronchial tree by enhancing the efficiency of reoperations by 18% than in the control group.

[Temporary occlusion of the bronchi in patients with bronchial fistula]. / Vremennaia okkliuziia bronkhov u bol'nykh s bronkhial'nym swishchom.

Temporary bronchial occlusion to reestablish air tightness of the resected lung has been performed in 42 patients. Persistent expanding of the lung occurred within 2-3 days in a single early bronchial occlusion (on day 1-2). In late occlusion (on day 10-15) the residual pleural cavity disappears on day 30-35. Steady expanding of the lung in spontaneous pneumothorax of tuberculous or nontuberculous origin and in empyema (89 patients) was observed within 30 days in 76.5, 87.5 and 36.3% of cases, respectively, unless fistula size is more than 1 cm. In the rest cases (31.5%) temporary bronchial occlusion allows cutting air passage, partial expanding of the lung, cleansing of empyema cavity, alleviation of purulent intoxication, this creating conditions for radical surgery.

[The diagnosis and treatment of bronchial carcinoids]. / Diagnostika i lechenie kartsinoidov bronkhov.

The results of diagnosis and treatment of bronchial carcinoids in 37 patients are discussed. Establishment of the diagnosis is difficult because the clinico-radiological pictures of these tumours are similar to those of unspecific diseases of the lungs as well as tuberculosis. Twenty-six patients received antituberculotic treatment for a long period of time (2 to 5.5 years). Bronchoscopy with biopsy revealed the true cause of the disease in all of the 37 patients, in 9 of them coexistence of bronchial carcinoid and tuberculosis of the lung was found. Eight operations for pulmonectomy, 4 for bilobectomy, and 25 for lobectomy were performed. The volume of the surgical intervention was determined by the location of the bronchial carcinoids and extent of the secondary changes in the pulmonary tissue. Retrospective analysis showed that in timely diagnosis of bronchial carcinoids treatment of some of the patients could be limited to reconstructive-plastic operations with preservation of the whole lung or part of it.

[Endobronchial use of hemostatic drugs feracryl and amifer]. / Endobronkhial'noe primenenie gemostaticheskikh preparatov ferakrila i amifera.

The results of endoscopic administration of hemostatic agents feracryl and Amifer in 147 cases are analysed. In 123 patients 5-10 ml of 1% feracryl were administered after endobronchial bioptic manipulations. Bleeding after collection of bioptic material from the bronchial mucosa was arrested by this method in 69 cases. Moderate bleeding in 42 cases was arrested by pressing to the wound surface a tampon saturated with a feracryl solution. Endoscopic occlusion of a bleeding bronchus by means of feracryl and Amifer was conducted in 16 patients with various forms of lung tuberculosis complicated by hemoptysis and pulmonary hemorrhage. In 9 cases with massive pulmonary hemorrhage 3-4 ml of 20% Amifer solution was administered by endobronchial route into the bleeding area. In 7 cases up to 10 ml of feracryl was introducedby ++endobronchial route. Temporary endoscopic hemostasis in patients with various forms of pulmonary tuberculosis made it possible to postpone an emergency operation for a period of up to 2 weeks in all cases. For the prevention of aspiration pneumonia the bronchi were repeatedly cleansed in 8 patients and therapeutic lavage of the bronchi was carried out in 7 patients.