ABSTRACT
The problems connected with epizootic consequences of the anthropogenic transformation of the landscape with respect to leptospirosis are discussed. The conclusion on changes produced by hydromelioration in the terrain, specific and etiological features of natural foci is made. Irrigation farming facilitates the formation and spread of natural foci, while drainage of a humid territory leads to the localization and suppression of such foci.
Subject(s)
Agriculture , Disease Reservoirs , Leptospirosis/transmission , Animals , Animals, Wild , Antibodies, Bacterial/blood , Disease Vectors , Humans , Leptospira/immunology , Leptospirosis/immunology , Leptospirosis/veterinary , Transcaucasia , TreesABSTRACT
The relationship between the rate of cattle infection with leptospirosis and the total number of livestock at cattle-breeding farms has been established. The annual dynamics of this infection has been found to give two morbidity rises among the animals, occurring not due to their contacts with the natural foci of leptospirosis, but as a consequence of the animal vertical and horizontal "circulation". The mechanisms of self-maintenance of the foci of leptospirosis among cattle are discussed.
Subject(s)
Cattle Diseases/epidemiology , Disease Reservoirs , Leptospirosis/epidemiology , Animals , Azerbaijan/epidemiology , Cattle , Leptospirosis/veterinary , SeasonsABSTRACT
24,419 samples of blood serum, collected in the Azerbaijan SSR among different professional groups of the population, have been tested for leptospirosis. The comparison of the results with those obtained in the natural foci of leptospirosis and in the foci of this infection appearing as a consequence of human activities has made it possible to come to the conclusion that the epidemic foci of leptospirosis are maintained due to the existence of foci among cattle. The cases of contamination among persons professionally linked with large cattle breeding complexes have been found to exceed those among persons working at farms of a nonindustrial type.
Subject(s)
Disease Outbreaks/statistics & numerical data , Disease Reservoirs/statistics & numerical data , Leptospira interrogans serovar canicola , Leptospirosis/epidemiology , Weil Disease/epidemiology , Age Factors , Agricultural Workers' Diseases/epidemiology , Agricultural Workers' Diseases/etiology , Animals , Azerbaijan/epidemiology , Cattle , Cattle Diseases/epidemiology , Humans , Leptospirosis/etiology , Leptospirosis/veterinary , Prevalence , Rural Population/statistics & numerical data , Weil Disease/etiology , Weil Disease/veterinaryABSTRACT
The specificity of infection of individual species of small mammals with definite serogroups of leptospires has been shown. The intensity of the epizootic process has been found to depend on the number of animals in the population. The mechanisms of the self-regulation of the epizootic process in natural foci are explained.
