ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The study was designed to assess the atherosclerotic lesions in coronary arteries in cases subjected to autopsy to grade by applying Modified American Heart Association (AHA) classification, evaluate the atheromatous & vulnerable plaques to find out the to age and sex related prevalence of atherosclerosis in the semi-urban & urban population of Jamnagar, a district in Western India. MATERIAL & METHODS: Autopsy was conducted on 264 cases whose age ranged from 8-79 years, by the conventional technique; heart was removed & dissected along the direction of blood flow. Microscopic assessment of the three main coronary arteries was done. RESULT: According to Modified AHA classification of atherosclerosis, maximum number of cases were in the 40-49 years age group. Intimal xanthoma was the most common type in all three coronary arteries. The number of males was 168(64%) and females was 96(36%). 59% males & 52% female were affected from atherosclerosis. An intermediate lesion was noted commonly in young individuals (10-39 years) and older individuals (40-79 years) were 46% & 41% respectively. Pathological Intimal thickening was more common in left anterior descending coronary artery compared to others. Thin fibrous cap atheroma was more common in Left circumflex artery than compared to Left anterior descending artery & Right coronary artery. CONCLUSION: The study highlights the impact of atherosclerotic lesions in the population of Jamnagar, a district in Gujarat state of Western India. The increased amount of intermediate atherosclerotic lesions found in the young population gives an indication that anti-atherogenic preventive measures and drastic dietary & life style modification need to be implemented in young individuals, this will help to prevent coronary artery disease from causing premature death that lead to huge financial burden on the economy and health sector of India.
ABSTRACT
Study of mass in ear was undertaken with the aim that clinical diagnosis was in most but not all cases consistent with the histo-pathological diagnosis. Therefore incisional or excisional biopsy with histo-pathological study is a must in all types of small masses in ear. A study of 50 patients, attending Ear, Nose and Throat department, was done and specimen collected from them and subjected to histopathological examination. These masses were further classified as inflammatory, benign and malignant lesions and the frequency of their occurrence in saurashtra region (Jamnagar, GUJARAT), their age and sex distribution were observed. Most common lesion was found to be inflammatory Polyps (20), followed by Cholesteatomas (12) and chronic non-specific inflammations (7), Abscess (1). In malignant lesions Squamous cell carcinoma (7) was the commonest followed by Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (1) and in benign lesion, Carcinoid tumor (1) and Nevus (1) were diagnosed on histo-pathological examination. Right side masses were more common than left side; males were more affected than females. Adolescents/children more affected than adults for benign lesions while reverse was true for malignant lesions.
