ABSTRACT
Contractile responses of airways segments of porpoises inhaling nanopowder CoFe2O4 were stidued by means of a mechanographic method. Inhalation of the nanosize particles of CoFe2O4 in vivo and in vitro testing the nanomaterial on isolated smooth muscles led to potentiation histaminergic, cholinergic contractile activity in airways of porpoises and to strengthening of adrenergic relaxing answers. Nanosize particles vary amplitude of hyperpotassium reductions in smooth muscle segments of airways similarly to the effect of depolymerizing drug colchicine.
Subject(s)
Bronchi , Cobalt/adverse effects , Ferric Compounds/adverse effects , Muscle Contraction/drug effects , Muscle, Smooth/drug effects , Nanoparticles/adverse effects , Animals , Bronchi/drug effects , Cobalt/pharmacology , Ferric Compounds/pharmacology , Guinea Pigs , Male , Muscle Contraction/physiology , Muscle, Smooth/physiology , Nanoparticles/administration & dosage , Trachea/drug effects , Trachea/physiologyABSTRACT
The effect of nanopowder CoFe(2)O(4)on contractile responses of smooth-muscle segments of guinea pigs airways was studied by mechanography. Both in vivo inhalation of nanopowder aerosol or in vitro application of nanopowder to isolated airway segments increased the amplitude of contractile responses to histamine and potentiated the dilatory reaction to adrenergic salbutamol.
Subject(s)
Metal Nanoparticles/toxicity , Muscle Contraction/drug effects , Muscle, Smooth/drug effects , Respiratory Physiological Phenomena/drug effects , Administration, Inhalation , Albuterol/pharmacology , Animals , Cobalt , Guinea Pigs , Histamine/pharmacology , Metal Nanoparticles/administration & dosage , Muscle Contraction/physiology , Muscle, Smooth/physiologyABSTRACT
Dynamics of CO2 gas-exchange and enzymatic activity of the respiratory metabolism of pea (Pisum sativum L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings during hypobaric hypoxia simulating the altitude of 5000 m above the sea level was studied. In the 48-hour chamber experiment (total barometric pressure is 54 kPa, partial O2 pressure is 11 kPa), the relative intensity of CO2 emission was found to increase and be essentially higher for pea than maize. Periodic reactions with small upward spikes and time offset were recorded in the pea plants. The initial increase of CO2 emission velocity by maize rapidly reached the level of saturation and since then remained constant. High velocity of the main catabolic ways and carboxylating activity in maize seedlings was the effect of hypoxic stress. Utilisation of respiratory substrates by pea seedlings was blocked at the Krebs cycle level, whereas glycolysis and oxidizing pentose phosphate pathways were activated. Weak activity of the carboxylate system does not provide refixation of endogenous carbon dioxide, excessive quantities of which invade the environment.
