ABSTRACT
We report on a new technique of silicon surface nanostructuring in liquid with a pair of Gaussian-shaped femtosecond laser pulses. The bubble, generated in liquid near the molten silicon surface by the first pulse, serves as a dynamic microscale obstacle for spatial modulation of the intensity profile of the second pulse following at a certain delay via scattering processes. As a result, the circular ripple patterns with anomalously high surface-relief modulation, undersurface annular nanocavities, and interfacial smoothness are produced at the surface. The possibility of the control over the specific pattern through the laser intensity variation is shown.
ABSTRACT
Second Harmonic Generation induced by the electric field of a strong nearly single-cycle terahertz pulse with the peak amplitude of 300 kV/cm is studied in a classical inorganic ferroelectric thin film of (Ba0.8Sr0.2)TiO3. The dependences of the SHG intensity on the polarization of the incoming light is revealed and interpreted in terms of electric polarization induced in the plane of the film. As the THz pulse pumps the medium in the range of phononic excitations, the induced polarization is explained as a dynamical change of the ferrolectric order parameter. It is estimated that under action of the THz pulse the ferroelectric order parameter acquires an in-plane component up to 6% of the net polarization.
ABSTRACT
X ray radiation as high as 50 keV, including K(α) of Ba and Mo, have been observed from a solid target during the interaction of low energy ~0.65 mJ, 1 kHz 40 femtosecond laser pulses focused in air at atmospheric pressure. Energetic electrons generating such x rays are possibly produced when the field strength in laser pulse wake exceeds the runaway threshold in air. Two dimensional particle-in-cell simulations that include optical field ionization of air and elastic collisions support this mechanism.
