[Changes in maturation index and vaginal dryness after treatment with topical conjugated estrogens in low and conventional dose]. / Índice de maduración y sequedad vaginales. Evaluación de dos dosis de estrógenos tópicos vía vaginal.

BACKGROUND: local estrogen treatments have been used for vaginal dryness management. The objective was to determine the maturation index (MI) and vaginal dryness after the treatment with topic conjugated estrogens (TCE) in low and conventional doses in Mexican women. METHODS: postmenopausal women that received vaginal TCE cream. Group I Low-dose which received 0.5 g of TCE twice a week and Group II Conventional-dose with one g of TCE twice a week. The MI was determined and estrogenic value (EV) was calculated. Vaginal dryness was evaluated with an analog visual scale, and vaginal humidity by the moistening of a pH test strip measured in millimeters. Statistical analysis with Student's t test for independent and paired samples was done. RESULTS: 27 women were studied, group I (n = 13), group II (n = 14). There weren't any differences in the analyzed parameters. Both treatments increased the MI and decreased the vaginal dryness. CONCLUSIONS: low and conventional dose of TCE had similar effect in vaginal scope in Mexican women.

Co-expression of metalloproteinases 11 and 12 in cervical scrapes cells from cervical precursor lesions.

The metalloproteinases (MMP) 11 and 12 have been shown to be expressed in cervical cancer (CC). In order to extend our previous results, these MMPs were evaluated in cervical precursor lesions. One hundred seventeen cervical scrapes: thirty-six normal, thirty-six low grade squamous lesions (LSIL), thirty-six high grade (HSIL), nine CC; and, also ninety-nine paraffin-embedded cervical lesions: fifteen normal cervices, thirty eight LSIL, sixteen HSIL, and five CC were collected. The samples were analyzed for relative expression by real time RT-PCR or immunohistochemistry assay. We were able to identify a relative increased expression of MMP11 in 75% and 78% from LSIL and HSIL samples, respectively. While MMP12 expression was 64% and 75% in LSIL and HSIL, respectively. Positive samples for MMP11 expression were also positive for MMP12 expression and also increased according to illness progression. In the tissues, MMP11 or MMP12 expression was observed in the cytoplasm of the neoplastic cells, while in the normal epithelium was absent. The reaction was always stronger for MMP12 than MMP11. MMP11 expression was present in 77% and 66% of LSIL and HSIL, while MMP12 expression was 73% and 68%. There was a relationship between MMP11 or MMP12 expression and HPV infection. Our data are showing a relationship between diagnostic of precursor lesions and the MMP11 and 12 expressions, suggesting that their expression could be an early event in the neoplastic lesions of the cervix and could have clinical significance.

[Consensus for the prevention of cervical cancer in Mexico]. / Consenso para la prevención del cáncer cervicouterino en México.

Cervical cancer remains a serious public health problem in the world; that is why the Mexican Federation of Schools of Obstetrics and Gynecology convened the elaboration of a consensus that is devoted this number of Ginecologia y Obstetricia de Mexico. In recent years has strengthened perceptions (public and private) in the need for preventive strategies in the medium and long terms. The development of effective vaccines against the human papilloma virus and the application of new methods of detection from viral DNA (completely automated for personal application) allow some degree of optimism. It is proposed a consensus with general recommendations in two consecutive stages: (a) primary prevention consisting of education for the prevention of cervical cancer and universal immunization and (b) secondary prevention by early detection of infections or injuries that could favor carcinogenesis. The consensus reviewed characteristics of available vaccines in detail and proposes strategies for implementation in Mexican population. Also, check out main methods of early detection of infection (or predisposing lesions) and suggests public and private strategies for implementation. Consensus places particular emphasis on early immunization for female population and correct use of methods for detection of infections or injuries that might cause cervical cancer.