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1.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 58(4): 381-4, 2003 Apr.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12681188

ABSTRACT

The Chiari type II malformation is the main cause of death in children with myelomeningocele, usually due to respiratory dysfunction, and unfortunately there is no effective cure. Episodic symptoms of brain stem dysfunction are frequent. We report a child with Chiari type II malformation and brain stem dysfunction who required tracheotomy and who was fed through a nasogastric tube from the age of 1.5 months. He first presented episodic symptoms at the age of 8 months and died at 9 months due to respiratory dysfunction despite intensive care. We also report our experience in the last 12 years with four patients with Chiari type II malformation and episodic symptoms of brain stem dysfunction. Both patients who required mechanical ventilation died. Neither surgical decompression nor intensive care prevented the fatal outcome, which was unpredictable and inevitable. Prognosis may be more positive in less severe cases, because the two patients that did not require mechanical ventilation show favorable outcome to date.


Subject(s)
Arnold-Chiari Malformation/complications , Arnold-Chiari Malformation/therapy , Brain Diseases/complications , Fatal Outcome , Humans , Infant , Male , Respiration, Artificial
2.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 58(4): 381-384, abr. 2003.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-21082

ABSTRACT

La malformación de Chiari tipo II es la principal causa de muerte en niños con mielomeningocele, habitualmente por disfunción respiratoria, y por desgracia no tiene un tratamiento eficaz. Es frecuente la sintomatología episódica con signos de disfunción de tronco.Se presenta un niño afectado de malformación de Chiari tipo II con disfunción de tronco que había precisado traqueotomía y alimentación por sonda nasogástrica desde el mes y medio de vida, que a partir de los 8 meses presentó sintomatología episódica y que falleció a los 9 meses de vida por disfunción progresiva de tronco, sin que pudieran evitarlo los cuidados intensivos. Se presenta también nuestra experiencia de 12 años con otros 4 casos de malformación de Chiari tipo II y sintomatología episódica de disfunción de tronco, con fallecimiento de los 2 casos que habían precisado ventilación mecánica.Ni la descompresión quirúrgica ni los cuidados intensivos pudieron evitar los desenlaces fatales, que se presentan de forma imprevisible e inevitable. Tal vez haya una interpretación más positiva para los casos menos graves, pues los 2 casos que no precisaron ventilación mecánica evolucionan favorablemente hasta el momento. (AU)


Subject(s)
Male , Infant , Humans , Fatal Outcome , Respiration, Artificial , Arnold-Chiari Malformation , Brain Diseases
3.
An. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr) ; 53(6): 592-595, dic. 2000.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-2582

ABSTRACT

Se comunica un nuevo caso de monosomía r(13) en un recién nacido varón con diagnóstico prenatal. Cuarto hijo de padres sanos y con descendencia normal. Presenta una dismorfia y múltiples malformaciones características de la afección. El estudio citogenético mostró un cariotipo 46, XY, r(13) (p11.2q32)/45, XY,-13. Nuestra observación es bastante similar a otras comunicaciones de la bibliografía y confirma la relación entre los síntomas clínicos y el segmento ausente del cromosoma 13. Se revisan los aspectos clínicos y citogenéticos de la afección (AU)


Subject(s)
Male , Infant, Newborn , Humans , Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13 , Disorders of Sex Development , Monosomy , Karyotyping , Facial Bones
4.
Eur Respir J ; 11(4): 906-11, 1998 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9623696

ABSTRACT

Potential relationships between the structure of the diaphragm and external intercostals and several indices of respiratory muscle function, lung function and nutrition in 27 patients (61+/-10 yrs of age) subjected to thoracotomy as a result of a lung neoplasm have been investigated. Prior to surgery the nutritional status of the patients was assessed and lung function (spirometry, lung volumes, transfer factor of the lungs for carbon monoxide, arterial blood gases) and respiratory muscle function (maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and diaphragmatic function were measured). Biopsies of the diaphragm (and external intercostals) were obtained during surgery. On average, patients showed mild airflow limitation (forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), 70+/-14% of predicted value, FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC), 70+/-9%) with some air trapping (residual volume (RV), 139+/-50% pred) and normal gas exchange (arterial oxygen tension (Pa,O2), 11.3+/-1.33 kPa (85+/-10 mmHg)) and arterial carbon dioxide tension (Pa,CO2) 5.4+/-0.5 kPa (40.6+/-4 mmHg). MIP was 77+/-25% pred; maximal transdiaphragmatic pressure was 90+/-27 cmH2O. Most morphometric measurements of the diaphragm and external intercostals were within the range of values reported previously in other skeletal muscles. The size of the fibres of these two respiratory muscles was positively related (p<0.05) to MIP (% pred). There were no significant relationships between the structure of both muscles and nutritional status or any index of lung function. In conclusion, in the population studied, the fibre size of the diaphragm and external intercostals appears to relate to their ability to generate force.


Subject(s)
Respiratory Muscles/cytology , Respiratory Muscles/physiology , Diaphragm/physiology , Humans , Intercostal Muscles/physiology , Male , Middle Aged , Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/cytology , Nutritional Status , Respiratory Function Tests
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