ABSTRACT
Background: The economic cost of breast cancer (BC) treatment and the increase in incidence and prevalence challenges the financial stability of any healthcare system. Objective: To determine direct medical costs (DMC) of BC treatment and factors associated with DMC. Material and methods: Partial economic evaluation in a retrospective cohort of 160 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of BC. DMC was considered from the IMSS perspective. Bootstrapping analysis was used to deal with uncertainty and generalized linear model to identify factors associated with DCM. Results: The total average annual cost of BC treatment was $251,018 mexican pesos. In clinical stage I was $116,123, stage II $242,132, stage III $287,946, and stage IV $358,792 pesos. In progression disease, DMC were more elevate ($380,117) vs. without progression ($172,897), (p < 0.0001). In patients who died, DMC were $357,579 mexican pesos compared to those who survived ($218,699) (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: The average annual cost of CM treatment was $251,018 pesos. DMCs increase significantly as patients present more advanced stages of the disease. Factors associated with costs were age, stages II, III and the progression of BC.
Introducción: el costo económico del tratamiento de cáncer de mama (CM) y el aumento en su incidencia y prevalencia desafía la estabilidad financiera de cualquier sistema de salud. Objetivo: determinar los costos médicos directos (CMD) del tratamiento de CM y los factores asociados a estos costos. Material y métodos: evaluación económica parcial en una cohorte retrospectiva de 160 pacientes con diagnóstico confirmado de CM. Se consideraron CMD desde la perspectiva del IMSS. Se utilizó análisis de bootstrapping para tratar incertidumbre y el modelo lineal generalizado para identificar factores asociados a costos. Resultados: el costo promedio anual (CPA) del tratamiento de CM fue de $ 251,018 pesos. En estadio 1, $ 116,123; estadio II, $ 242,132; estadio III, $ 287,946, y estadio IV, $ 358,792 pesos. El CPA fue mayor en progresión del CM ($ 380,117 frente a no progresión $ 172,897), y en pacientes que fallecieron durante el seguimiento ($ 357,579) frente a aquellas que sobrevivieron ($ 218,699). Conclusiones: el CPA del tratamiento de CM fue de $ 251,018 pesos. Los CMD aumentan significativamente conforme las pacientes presentan estadios más avanzados de la enfermedad. Los factores asociados al CMD fueron edad, estadios II, III y la progresión del CM.
Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms , Breast Neoplasms/therapy , Cohort Studies , Cost-Benefit Analysis , Female , Health Care Costs , Humans , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
Introducción: el costo económico del tratamiento de cáncer de mama (CM) y el aumento en su incidencia y prevalencia desafía la estabilidad financiera de cualquier sistema de salud. Objetivo: determinar los costos médicos directos (CMD) del tratamiento de CM y los factores asociados a estos costos. Material y métodos: evaluación económica parcial en una cohorte retrospectiva de 160 pacientes con diagnóstico conf irmado de CM. Se consideraron CMD desde la perspectiva del IMSS. Se utilizó análisis de bootstrapping para tratar incertidumbre y el modelo lineal generalizado para identificar factores asociados a costos. Resultados: el costo promedio anual (CPA) del tratamiento de CM fue de $ 251,018 pesos. En estadio 1, $ 116,123; estadio II, $ 242,132; estadio III, $ 287,946, y estadio IV, $ 358,792 pesos. El CPA fue mayor en progresión del CM ($ 380,117 frente a no progresión $ 172,897), y en pacientes que fallecieron durante el seguimiento ($ 357,579) frente a aquellas que sobrevivieron ($ 218,699). Conclusiones: el CPA del tratamiento de CM fue de $ 251,018 pesos. Los CMD aumentan significativamente conforme las pacientes presentan estadios más avanzados de la enfermedad. Los factores asociados al CMD fueron edad, estadios II, III y la progresión del CM.
Background: The economic cost of breast cancer (BC) treatment and the increase in incidence and prevalence challenges the financial stability of any healthcare system. Objective: To determine direct medical costs (DMC) of BC treatment and factors associated with DMC. Material and methods: Partial economic evaluation in a retrospective cohort of 160 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of BC. DMC was considered from the IMSS perspective. Bootstrapping analysis was used to deal with uncertainty and generalized linear model to identify factors associated with DCM Results: The total average annual cost of BC treatment was $251,018 mexican pesos. In clinical stage I was $116,123, stage II $242,132, stage III $287,946, and stage IV $358,792 pesos. In progression disease, DMC were more elevate ($380,117) vs. without progression ($172,897), (p < 0.0001). In patients who died, DMC were $357,579 mexican pesos compared to those who survived ($218,699) (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: The average annual cost of CM treatment was $251,018 pesos. DMCs increase significantly as patients present more advanced stages of the disease. Factors associated with costs were age, stages II, III and the progression of BC.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Tertiary Healthcare/economics , Breast Neoplasms/therapy , Costs and Cost Analysis , Social Security/economics , Breast Neoplasms/economics , Retrospective Studies , Follow-Up Studies , Cost-Benefit Analysis , Cost of Illness , Mexico , Neoplasm Staging/economicsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To determine the cost of health care in hemophilic children. METHODS: A study of costs analysis of children under 16 years with haemophilia type A and B with different severity grade in one year period was performed. Sociodemographic and clinical data were included. The costs of: 1) ambulatory care, 2) use of emergency services, 3) hospital stay, 4) drugs, 5) antihaemophilic treatment, 6) laboratory and 7) image studies were estimated. We obtained costs for each patient during a year with micro costs technique. RESULTS: We found 52 children (92.3% with haemophilia type A). Mean Age was 9.1 years. A half of them started treatment at the age of one year old, with 7.4 years of following. They had 6.7 average visits per year and 13 emergency hospitalization; haemartrosis was the main cause of hospitalization. Five children had more than 40 hospitalization and 27 cases with 1.9 hospitalization. The hospital average stay was 7.4 days. Total annual cost was 116,000 pesos. Higher cost was for the anti hemophilic factor with 73 052 pesos. CONCLUSIONS: The cost was similar to others Latin American studies and lower than in developed countries, however, factor replacement therapy accounts for most of the costs.
Subject(s)
Health Care Costs , Hemophilia A/economics , Hemophilia A/therapy , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , HumansABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: evaluar la calidad de la atención y satisfacción del usuario con cita previa en unidades de medicina familiar. MÉTODOS: se aplicó un diseño transversal analítico a una muestra probabilística de 983 usuarios, se usaron dos cuestionarios validados para explorar calidad del servicio y satisfacción del usuario, se registraron variables sociodemográficas y cita previa. Se aplicaron las pruebas estadísticas F de Fisher, y chi cuadrado. RESULTADOS: la muestra se caracterizó por tener 67 por ciento de sexo femenino, edad 40,83 ± 21,6 años, 40 por ciento asalariados, 67 por ciento casados, tiempo de espera 55,46 ± 74,03 min, 56 por ciento con cita previa. La calidad de la atención calificó alta en seis de siete dimensiones, el tiempo de espera en dos de las tres unidades alcanzó el 36 por ciento de calidad. La satisfacción del usuario en dimensión médico familiar ³ 79 por ciento (no significativo), unidad de medicina familiar mostró calificación ³59 (p= 0,00), otros servicios calificaron 53 por ciento. Cita previa se asoció con satisfacción en todas las dimensiones (p= 0,00). CONCLUSIONES: la calidad de atención fue alta, excepto en tiempo de espera. La satisfacción del usuario se asoció con la cita previa.
OBJECTIVE: to Evaluate the quality of assistance and level of satisfaction of the user with previous appointment in family medicine centers. METHODS: a cross-sectional analytical design was applied to a probabilistic sample of 983 users; two validated questionnaires were used to track quality of service and level of satisfaction of users; sociodemographic variables and previous appointments were recorded. Fisher´s F and Chi-square tests were performed. RESULTS: the probablistic sample was characterized by having 67 percent of females, age 40.83 ± 21,6 years; 40 percent workers, 67 percent married, waiting time 55.46 ± 74.03 min, 56 percent had previous appointment. The quality of assistance was high in six out of seven dimensions; waiting time had 36 percent of quality in two of the three centers. The level of satisfaction of the users in dimension family physician ³ 79 percent (not significant), and in family medicine centers, the qualification was ³ 59 percent (p= 0,00). Other services rated 53 percent. Previous appointment was associated to satisfaction in all the dimensions (p= 0,00). CONCLUSIONS: the quality of assistance was high except for waiting time. The level of satisfaction of users was related to previous appointment.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Most of deceases due to pregnancy, delivery, puerperium and them attention are avoidable with current medicine resources. OBJECTIVE: To analyze some basic elements of epidemiologic behavior of a hospital environment maternal mortality in a third level hospital during a period of 21 years. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Analytical cross-sectional study, 222 maternal deaths registered at Hospital de Ginecologia y Obstetricia, Centro Medico Nacional de Occidente del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, were included, during the period 1985-2005. Deaths were analyzed in three periods of 7 years each one. The analysis of results was made based on descriptive statistic. chi2 was used for comparison between periods. RESULTS: Maternal death ratio was 73 per 100,000 live births during the 21 years. Maternal mortality was lower in the group of women under 20 years and increase agreed maternal age. Frequency of direct obstetric deaths decreased when comparing the 3 periods. The main causes of maternal death were preeclampsia/eclampsia and obstetric hemorrhage, which were responsible for almost 50% of maternal deaths. There was no significant difference to anticipation by comparing periods, between 28 and 37% of deaths were foreseen. 98% of deaths occurred at Intensive Care Units. CONCLUSIONS: Direct and indirect maternal deaths show very similar values in the third period, which translates in an improvement in anticipation. It must be reinforce the simple and opportune information to the patient with regard to warning signs and the permanent medical training must be a priority at the 3 medical levels.
