Association of L-arginine with heparin on the sperm capacitation improves in vitro embryo production in bovine.

We aimed to evaluate the effects of L-arginine (L-arg) in the quality of in vitro heparin-induced capacitation of cryopreserved bovine spermatozoa and its effects on IVP. The experimental groups were: Control 0 hour without pre-capacitation, and groups of sperm capacitated for 30 min in the absence of COC with heparin (Control 30 min), with 1 mM L-arg and with 1 mM L-arg + heparin. The capacitation pattern was evaluated by chlortetracycline assay and the integrity of the plasma membrane (PM) and acrosome membrane (AM) by the association of Hoescht 33342 and propidium iodide. Further, we assess the sperm quality by the rate of in vitro blastocysts production. Treatment with 1 mM L-arg + heparin increased the percentage of capacitated sperm when compared to Control 0 hour and the treatment with heparin (61.1 vs. 18.2 and 47.0%, respectively, P<0.05). The addition of 1 mM L-arg to the medium has capacitated the spermatozoa (26.2 ± 3.8) but was less effective than heparin (47.0 ± 4.0) (P<0.05). There was no difference in the percentage of sperm with intact PM between treatments when compared to Control 0 hour (P>0.05). The group capacitated with 1 mM L-arg + heparin for 30 min increased the blastocyst rate compared to Control IVF (53.7 vs. 40.8%, P<0.05). We conclude that the addition of L-arg with heparin increases the number of capacitated spermatozoa in vitro with 30 min of pre-incubation in the absence of COC not altering the integrity of plasma and acrosomal membrane. This treatment in the absence of COC was the most effective method for blastocysts production, and the method of pre-incubation could be used to assess the role of other substances in the sperm capacitation and its effect on IVP.

Association of L-arginine with heparin on the sperm capacitation improves in vitro embryo production in bovine

We aimed to evaluate the effects of L-arginine (L-arg) in the quality of in vitro heparin-induced capacitation of cryopreserved bovine spermatozoa and its effects on IVP. The experimental groups were: Control 0 hour without pre-capacitation, and groups of sperm capacitated for 30 min in the absence of COC with heparin (Control 30 min), with 1 mM L-arg and with 1 mM L-arg + heparin. The capacitation pattern was evaluated by chlortetracycline assay and the integrity of the plasma membrane (PM) and acrosome membrane (AM) by the association of Hoescht 33342 and propidium iodide. Further, we assess the sperm quality by the rate of in vitro blastocysts production. Treatment with 1 mM L-arg + heparin increased the percentage of capacitated sperm when compared to Control 0 hour and the treatment with heparin (61.1 vs. 18.2 and 47.0%, respectively, P0.05). The group capacitated with 1 mM L-arg + heparin for 30 min increased the blastocyst rate compared to Control IVF (53.7 vs. 40.8%, P<0.05). We conclude that the addition of L-arg with heparin increases the number of capacitated spermatozoa in vitro with 30 min of pre-incubation in the absence of COC not altering the integrity of plasma and acrosomal membrane. This treatment in the absence of COC was the most effective method for blastocysts production, and the method of pre-incubation could be used to assess the role of other substances in the sperm capacitation and its effect on IVP.

Association of L-arginine with heparin on the sperm capacitation improves in vitro embryo production in bovine

We aimed to evaluate the effects of L-arginine (L-arg) in the quality of in vitro heparin-induced capacitation of cryopreserved bovine spermatozoa and its effects on IVP. The experimental groups were: Control 0 hour without pre-capacitation, and groups of sperm capacitated for 30 min in the absence of COC with heparin (Control 30 min), with 1 mM L-arg and with 1 mM L-arg + heparin. The capacitation pattern was evaluated by chlortetracycline assay and the integrity of the plasma membrane (PM) and acrosome membrane (AM) by the association of Hoescht 33342 and propidium iodide. Further, we assess the sperm quality by the rate of in vitro blastocysts production. Treatment with 1 mM L-arg + heparin increased the percentage of capacitated sperm when compared to Control 0 hour and the treatment with heparin (61.1 vs. 18.2 and 47.0%, respectively, P<0.05). The addition of 1 mM L-arg to the medium has capacitated the spermatozoa (26.2 ± 3.8) but was less effective than heparin (47.0 ± 4.0) (P<0.05). There was no difference in the percentage of sperm with intact PM between treatments when compared to Control 0 hour (P>0.05). The group capacitated with 1 mM L-arg + heparin for 30 min increased the blastocyst rate compared to Control IVF (53.7 vs. 40.8%, P<0.05). We conclude that the addition of L-arg with heparin increases the number of capacitated spermatozoa in vitro with 30 min of pre-incubation in the absence of COC not altering the integrity of plasma and acrosomal membrane. This treatment in the absence of COC was the most effective method for blastocysts production, and the method of pre-incubation could be used to assess the role of other substances in the sperm capacitation and its effect on IVP.(AU)

Prevalência de Dermatobia hominis em bovinos abatidos no município de Anchieta, Espírito Santo / Prevalence of Dermatobia hominis in bovine slaughtered in the municipality of Anchieta, Espírito Santo State

A dermatobiose é uma doença parasitária de mamíferos e aves terrestres provocada pelas larvas da Dermatobia hominis (berne) e resulta em sérios prejuízos para a pecuária, comprometendo principalmente a produtividade de couro, de carne e de leite. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a prevalência de D. hominis em bovinos abatidos em dois frigoríficos no município de Anchieta, Espírito Santo. Para tal propósito, foram obtidas informações meteorológicas, e realizadas visitas semanais entre julho e outubro de 2007 nesses frigoríficos, nas quais foram coletados os dados da contagem de nódulos de D. hominis nas peles de 665 bovinos. Esses dados foram analisados por frequência de nódulos de D. hominis considerando a porção do corpo parasitada. Os resultados mostraram que 55,49 % dos animais tinham larvas da D. hominis, variação de 55,49±6,12%. O antímero esquerdo foi a parte do corpo mais afetada e a região crânio-dorsal a com maior incidência de larvas. Pode-se concluir que os índices pluviométricos e a temperatura foram determinantes na frequência de nódulos de D. hominis na pele de bovinos.

The dermatobiosis is a parasitic disease of mammals and terrestrial birds caused by the larvae of Dermatobia hominis (Berne) resulting in serious damage to cattle livestock, especially involving the leather productivity of meat and milk. The objective of this work was to verify the presence of D. hominis in cattle slaughtered in two slaughterhouses in the city of Anchieta, Espírito Santo. For this purpose, meteorological information was obtained, and made weekly visits between July and October 2007 these refrigerators in which collected the data from the D. hominis in nodule count of 665 cattle leathers. These data were analyzed by frequency of nodules of D. hominis considering the portion of the parasitized body. The results showed that 55.49% of the animals had larvae of D. hominis, a variation of 55,49±6,12%. The left antimer was the most affected part of the body and the cranio-dorsal region with the highest incidence of larvae. It can be concluded that pluviometric indexes and temperature were determinant in the frequency of nodules of D. hominis bovine leather.

Prevalência de Dermatobia hominis em bovinos abatidos no município de Anchieta, Espírito Santo / Prevalence of Dermatobia hominis in bovine slaughtered in the municipality of Anchieta, Espírito Santo State

A dermatobiose é uma doença parasitária de mamíferos e aves terrestres provocada pelas larvas da Dermatobia hominis (berne) e resulta em sérios prejuízos para a pecuária, comprometendo principalmente a produtividade de couro, de carne e de leite. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a prevalência de D. hominis em bovinos abatidos em dois frigoríficos no município de Anchieta, Espírito Santo. Para tal propósito, foram obtidas informações meteorológicas, e realizadas visitas semanais entre julho e outubro de 2007 nesses frigoríficos, nas quais foram coletados os dados da contagem de nódulos de D. hominis nas peles de 665 bovinos. Esses dados foram analisados por frequência de nódulos de D. hominis considerando a porção do corpo parasitada. Os resultados mostraram que 55,49 % dos animais tinham larvas da D. hominis, variação de 55,49±6,12%. O antímero esquerdo foi a parte do corpo mais afetada e a região crânio-dorsal a com maior incidência de larvas. Pode-se concluir que os índices pluviométricos e a temperatura foram determinantes na frequência de nódulos de D. hominis na pele de bovinos.(AU)

The dermatobiosis is a parasitic disease of mammals and terrestrial birds caused by the larvae of Dermatobia hominis (Berne) resulting in serious damage to cattle livestock, especially involving the leather productivity of meat and milk. The objective of this work was to verify the presence of D. hominis in cattle slaughtered in two slaughterhouses in the city of Anchieta, Espírito Santo. For this purpose, meteorological information was obtained, and made weekly visits between July and October 2007 these refrigerators in which collected the data from the D. hominis in nodule count of 665 cattle leathers. These data were analyzed by frequency of nodules of D. hominis considering the portion of the parasitized body. The results showed that 55.49% of the animals had larvae of D. hominis, a variation of 55,49±6,12%. The left antimer was the most affected part of the body and the cranio-dorsal region with the highest incidence of larvae. It can be concluded that pluviometric indexes and temperature were determinant in the frequency of nodules of D. hominis bovine leather.(AU)

Evaluating the effectiveness of a formulation containing neem's pie in control of equine gastrointestinal nematode / Avaliação da eficácia de uma formulação comercial contendo torta de nim no controle de nematóides gastrintestinais de equinos

Challenges to control of gastrointestinal nematodes of equine is due, largely, to antihelminthic resistance observed in populations of cyathostominae and large strongyles. Few effort are accomplished to seek a alternative to the control this agents therefore of the employment of drugs. The present work had as aim test the efficacy of a phytoterapic formulation of neems pie on gastrointestinal nematodes of equine. For this, a formulation comprise 20 grams of neem for animal per six months added at cornmeal (100g per animal, daily) plus water ad libidum at animals in the treated group (A). The same was supplied at control animals (group B) except neems pie. The mineral mix was supplies at animals at dose 1g per animal daily. They were harvested sample of faeces directly from the rectum of the animals that were submitted at parasitological examination of flotation. After coprocultures, recovery larvae were identified by light microscopy. Mean number eggs of gastrointestinal nematodes per grams of faeces of equine of treated group was 89.50 and, in the control, was 255.71 (P< 0.001). It was counted and identified 100 recovered larvae of coprocultures per samples of faeces andit do not verified differences (P >0.05) among two groups (A and B) in the frequency of cyathostominae andlarge strongyles. After six months of application of neems pie, it was possible verify a reduction in number eggsper grams of faeces of the treated equine (group A) compared to animals of control group (B). (AU)

Os desafios para o controle dos nematóides gastrintestinais de equinos é devido, em grande parte, à resistência a antihelmínticos observada em populações dos ciatostomíneos e dos grandes estrôngilos. Poucos esforços são realizados na investigação de tratamento alternativo para o controle desses agentes em equinos, além do emprego de fármacos. Esse trabalho objetivou testar a eficácia de uma formulação de torta de nim no desses parasitos. Assim, foi fornecida, diariamente, uma formulação contendo 20 gramas de nim por animal por seis meses misturados a farinha de milho (100g/animal) ao grupo tratado (A), ao grupo controle foi fornecida mistura mineral na mesma quantidade que ao grupo tratado. A mistura mineral foi fornecida na dose de 1g por animal/dia por seis meses. Foram coletadas semanalmente amostras de fezes diretamente do reto desses animais que foram submetidas a exame parasitológico quantitativo de flutuação. Após a coprocultura e a recuperação das larvas, essas foram submetidas à identificação em microscopia de luz. A média do número de ovos de nematóides gastrintestinais por gramas de fezes dos equinos do grupo tratado foi de 89,50 ovos por gramas de fezes, e no controle, de 255,71 (P<0.001). Foram contadas e identificadas 100 larvas recuperadas das coproculturas por amostra de fezes e não foi verificada diferença (P>0.05) entre os dois grupos (A e B) na frequência de ciatostomíneos e grandes estrôngilos. Após seis meses de aplicação desse produto foi possível verificar redução no número de ovos por gramas de fezes dos equinos tratados (A) em relação ao controle (B). (AU)

Evaluating the effectiveness of a formulation containing neem's pie in control of equine gastrointestinal nematode / Avaliação da eficácia de uma formulação comercial contendo torta de nim no controle de nematóides gastrintestinais de equinos

Challenges to control of gastrointestinal nematodes of equine is due, largely, to antihelminthic resistance observed in populations of cyathostominae and large strongyles. Few effort are accomplished to seek a alternative to the control this agents therefore of the employment of drugs. The present work had as aim test the efficacy of a phytoterapic formulation of neem’s pie on gastrointestinal nematodes of equine. For this, a formulation comprise 20 grams of neem for animal per six months added at cornmeal (100g per animal, daily) plus water ad libidum at animals in the treated group (A). The same was supplied at control animals (group B) except neem’s pie. The mineral mix was supplies at animals at dose 1g per animal daily. They were harvested sample of faeces directly from the rectum of the animals that were submitted at parasitological examination of flotation. After coprocultures, recovery larvae were identified by light microscopy. Mean number eggs of gastrointestinal nematodes per grams of faeces of equine of treated group was 89.50 and, in the control, was 255.71 (P0.05) among two groups (A and B) in the frequency of cyathostominae andlarge strongyles. After six months of application of neem’s pie, it was possible verify a reduction in number eggsper grams of faeces of the treated equine (group A) compared to animals of control group (B).

Os desafios para o controle dos nematóides gastrintestinais de equinos é devido, em grande parte, à resistência a antihelmínticos observada em populações dos ciatostomíneos e dos grandes estrôngilos. Poucos esforços são realizados na investigação de tratamento alternativo para o controle desses agentes em equinos, além do emprego de fármacos. Esse trabalho objetivou testar a eficácia de uma formulação de torta de nim no desses parasitos. Assim, foi fornecida, diariamente, uma formulação contendo 20 gramas de nim por animal por seis meses misturados a farinha de milho (100g/animal) ao grupo tratado (A), ao grupo controle foi fornecida mistura mineral na mesma quantidade que ao grupo tratado. A mistura mineral foi fornecida na dose de 1g por animal/dia por seis meses. Foram coletadas semanalmente amostras de fezes diretamente do reto desses animais que foram submetidas a exame parasitológico quantitativo de flutuação. Após a coprocultura e a recuperação das larvas, essas foram submetidas à identificação em microscopia de luz. A média do número de ovos de nematóides gastrintestinais por gramas de fezes dos equinos do grupo tratado foi de 89,50 ovos por gramas de fezes, e no controle, de 255,71 (P0.05) entre os dois grupos (A e B) na frequência de ciatostomíneos e grandes estrôngilos. Após seis meses de aplicação desse produto foi possível verificar redução no número de ovos por gramas de fezes dos equinos tratados (A) em relação ao controle (B).

Relato de infecção natural por Raillietina tetrágona em pica-pau-do-campo (Colaptes campestris) provenientes do município de Afonso Cláudio, Espírito Santo-Brasil / Report of natural infection in the field woodpecker (Colaptes campestris) by Raillietina tetragona in the municipality of Afonso Cláudio, Espírito Santo State, Brazil

O pica-pau-do-campo (Colaptes campestris), pertencente à família Picidae, é considerado uma espécie ameaçada de extinção apesar de ser encontrada em grande parte do territorio brasileiro. É uma espécie terrestre, que se alimenta de vários insetos como formigas e cupins, desempenhando suas funções na cadeia alimentar. Existem poucos relatos na literatura brasileira que descrevam os helmintos presentes nessas aves e, para tanto, neste trabalho objetivou-se relatar a ocorrência de cestóides presentes em Colaptes campestris. Foi promovida a retirada de helmintos presentes em amostras fecais colhidas mecanicamente, a partir da cloaca dos animais, que foram enviados ao laboratório para estudo morfológico e de identificação. Os helmintos foram identificados como pertencentes às espécies Raillietina tetragona e R. frontina, encontrados geralmente no intestino delgado de aves que são, frequentemente, considerados apatogênicos e inquiridos como competidores do alimento. Esse registro apresenta-se como relato inédito de parasitos dessa espécie, no município de Afonso Cláudio, Estado do Espírito Santo, Brasil.(AU)

The Colaptes campestris (field woodpecker) belongs to the Picidae family, is con- sidered an endangered species, and is found in great part of the Brazilian territory. It is a terrestrial species, which feeds on various insects such as ants and termites. There are few reports in the Brazilian literature describing the helminthes present in these birds. This paper aims to report the occurrence of cestodes present in the colaptes campestris. The withdrawal of the helminthes present in samples taken from the cloaca of the animals proceeded, mechanically and sent to the laboratory for morphometric study and identification. Helminthes were identified as belonging to the Raillietina tetragona and R. frontina species. These parasites are generally found in small intestine of poultry, and are most often considered apathogenic, and are inquired as competitors to the food. This record is the first published for this species in the municipality of Afonso Cláudio, state of Espírito Santo, Brazil.(AU)