Factors associated with non-completion of latent tuberculosis infection treatment in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: A non-matched case control study.

INTRODUCTION: There are scarce data on the routine latent tuberculosis infection treatment (LTBIT) and factors associated with a non-completion in high tuberculosis burden countries. Therefore, in this study we aimed to evaluate the factors associated with non-completion of LTBIT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a non-matched case control study conducted at a University Hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. A total of 114 cases and 404 controls were enrolled between January/1999 and December/2009. Cases were close contacts who did not complete the LTBIT and controls were the contacts that completed it. Multivariate analysis was used to investigate risk factors associated with non-completion of LTBIT among contacts in two different periods of recruitment. RESULTS: Factors associated with non-completion LTBIT included: drug use (OR 23.33, 95% CI 1.83-296.1), TB treatment default by the index case (OR 16.97, 95% CI 3.63-79.24) and drug intolerance. TB disease rates after two years of follow up varied from 0.4% to 1.9%. The number necessary to treat to prevent one TB case among contacts was 116. CONCLUSIONS: Non-completion treatment by the index case and illicit drug use were associated with not completing latent tuberculosis infection treatment and no tuberculosis disease was identified among those who completed latent tuberculosis infection treatment.

Estudo clinico multicentrico com bactroban creme (mupirocina, 2 por cento) no tratamento de infeccoes cutaneas na infancia e adolescencia / Open multicenter trial with mupirocin 2 percent in the treatment of skin infection of children and adolescents

Em estudo aberto, nao comparativo, envolvendo quatro centros, 116 criancas e adolescentes portadores de infecoes cutaneas foram avaliados. Destes 68 eram do sexo masculino e 48 do sexo feminino, com idades entre 21 a 15 anos. O tratamento consistiu da administracao de bactroban creme (mupirocina,2 por cento) tres vezes ao dia, por um periodo nao menor que 5 dias .Impetigo foi o diagnostico mais comum em infecoes primarias enquanto escoriacao infectada foi mais prevalente em infeccoes secundarias de pele. O germe mais frequente foi Staphylococcus aureus. A duracao media do tratamento foi de 7,35 dias,ocorrendo cura do processo infeccioso em 106 pacientes (91,38 por cento) melhora em 9 pacientes (7,76 por cento) e insucesso em apenas 1 paciente (0,86 por cento). Os resultados confirmam ser o bactroban creme (mupirocina,2 por cento)um excelente antibiotico topico para o tratamento de infeccoes cutaneas em crianca e adolescentes.

Glomerulonefrite difusa aguda pos-estreptococica. Tratamento ambulatorial. / Post-spreptococcal acute diffuse glomerulonephritis. Ambulatory treatment

Os autores atualizam os conhecimentos relativos a glomerulonefrite difusa aguda pos-estreptococica, discutindo seus diferentes aspectos e ressaltando a moderna conduta terapeutica, que preve o tratamento ambulatorial dos pacientes