Impact of smoking on COVID-19 outcomes: a HOPE Registry subanalysis.

BACKGROUND: Smoking has been associated with poorer outcomes in relation to COVID-19. Smokers have higher risk of mortality and have a more severe clinical course. There is paucity of data available on this issue, and a definitive link between smoking and COVID-19 prognosis has yet to be established. METHODS: We included 5224 patients with COVID-19 with an available smoking history in a multicentre international registry Health Outcome Predictive Evaluation for COVID-19 (NCT04334291). Patients were included following an in-hospital admission with a COVID-19 diagnosis. We analysed the outcomes of patients with a current or prior history of smoking compared with the non-smoking group. The primary endpoint was all-cause in-hospital death. RESULTS: Finally, 5224 patients with COVID-19 with available smoking status were analysed. A total of 3983 (67.9%) patients were non-smokers, 934 (15.9%) were former smokers and 307 (5.2%) were active smokers. The median age was 66 years (IQR 52.0-77.0) and 58.6% were male. The most frequent comorbidities were hypertension (48.5%) and dyslipidaemia (33.0%). A relevant lung disease was present in 19.4%. In-hospital complications such sepsis (23.6%) and embolic events (4.3%) occurred more frequently in the smoker group (p<0.001 for both). All cause-death was higher among smokers (active or former smokers) compared with non-smokers (27.6 vs 18.4%, p<0.001). Following a multivariate analysis, current smoking was considered as an independent predictor of mortality (OR 1.77, 95% CI 1.11 to 2.82, p=0.017) and a combined endpoint of severe disease (OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.16 to 2.43, p=0.006). CONCLUSION: Smoking has a negative prognostic impact on patients hospitalised with COVID-19.

Enfermedad de Fabry. Manejo anestésico en trasplante renal, a propósito de un caso / Fabry disease. Anesthetic management in kidney transplant, report of case

INTRODUCTION: Fabry disease (FD) also known as Anderson Fabry disease is a rare disorder linked to the X chromosome, which produces mutations in the coding of the GLA gene involved in the production of the enzyme -galactosidase A, whose complete or partial deficiency leads to the intracellular accumulation of globotriaosylceramide and glycosphingolipids. CLINICAL CASE: We present the case of a 39 year old female patient admitted to hospital with a diagnosis of terminal chronic kidney disease of 8 years of evolution as a possible cause of nephropathy, Fabry disease diagnosed in a patient, after detailed studies, kidney transplantation is considered for improvement of your lifestyle. DISCUSSION: Patients with Fabry disease should be considered as high risk surgical and anesthetic should have a strict assessment and evaluation of cardiovascular and respiratory function, to anticipate the complications associated with reperfusion of the transplanted organ. CONCLUSION: The use of balanced or intravenous modality has been described among the anesthetic possibilities without reaching a consensus so far, however the two modalities can be used and their analgesic management can be performed with plexus blocks or regional anesthesia.

INTRODUCCIÓN: La enfermedad de Fabry (FD) también conocida como enfermedad de Anderson Fabry es un trastorno raro ligado al cromosoma X, que produce mutaciones en la codificación del gen GLA partícipe en la producción de la enzima α-galactosidasa A, cuya deficiencia completa o parcial conduce a la acumulación intracelular de globotriaosilceramida y glicosfingolípidos. CASO CLÍNICO: Se presenta el caso de una paciente femenina de 39 años de edad ingresada a hospitalización con diagnóstico de enfermedad renal crónica terminal de 8 años de evolución como posible causa de nefropatía, enfermedad de Fabry diagnosticada en paciente, tras estudios detallado se considera trasplante renal para mejora de su estilo de vida. DISCUSIÓN: Los pacientes con enfermedad de Fabry deben ser considerados como de alto riesgo quirúrgico y anestésico, deben contar con una estricta valoración y evaluación sobre la función cardiovascular y respiratoria, para así preveer las complicaciones asociadas a la reperfusión del órgano trasplantado. CONCLUSIÓN: Se han descrito entre las posibilidades anestésicas el uso de modalidad balanceada o intravenosa sin llegar aún a un consenso hasta el momento, sin embargo, las dos modalidades pueden ser utilizadas y su manejo analgésico se puede realizar con bloqueos del plexo o anestesia regional.

Consideraciones anestésicas en hipercapnia intraoperatoria, a propósito de un caso / Case report: Anesthetic considerations in intraoperative hipercapnia

Hypercapnia during the intraoperative period is one of the relevant conditions for the anesthesiologist, which can even condition the anesthetic technique, in case of an eventual complication. Where ventilatory monitoring and the interpretation of said disorder allows to diagnose, plan and treat the physiological consequences in the patient. We present the case of a 20 year old patient, scheduled for orthognathic surgery for diagnosis of mandibular body fracture, without added pathologies, no chest trauma, no ventilation disorders. It is presented with the objective of discussing the different considerations to be taken before the progressive establishment of hypercapnia, its causes, consequences and its management.

La hipercapnia durante el intraoperatorio es una de las condiciones relevantes para el anestesiólogo, la cual puede incluso condicionar la técnica anestésica ante una eventual complicación. Donde la monitorización ventilatoria y la interpretación de dicho trastorno permite diagnosticar, planificar y tratar las consecuencias fisiológicas en el paciente. Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 20 años programada para cirugía ortognática por diagnóstico de fractura de cuerpo mandibular, sin patologías añadidas no traumas torácicos, no trastornos de ventilación. Se presenta con el objetivo de discutir las diferentes consideraciones a tomar ante la instauración progresiva de hipercapnia sus causas, consecuencias así como su manejo.

Secondary testicular plasmocytoma.

OBJECTIVE: [corrected] To report a rare case of secondary testicular plasmocytoma in the context of a testicular mass. METHOD: We introduced a patient with plasmocytoma and a testicular infiltration of his systemic affection. RESULT: An inguinal orquiectomy was performed to treat the testicular infiltration and no recurrence of the process was seen after 6 months of follow up. CONCLUSIONS: Plasmacytoma is a plasma cell tumor that involves bone marrow or extramedullary sites. Testicular infiltration by plasma cells such as plasmacytoma happens in only 2% of cases of all plasma cell neoplasm

Secondary testicular plasmocytoma. Case report and revie of the literatura

OBJETIVOS: To report a rare case of secondary testicular plasmocytoma in the context of a testicular mass. METODOS: We introduced a patient with plasmocytoma and a testicular infiltration of his systemic affection. RESULTADOS: An inguinal orquiectomy was performed to treat the testicular infiltration and no recurrence of the process was seen after 6 months of follow up. CONCLUSIONES: Plasmacytoma is a plasma cell tumor that involves bone marrow or extramedullary sites. Testicular infiltration by plasma cells such as plasmacytoma happens in only 2 % of cases of all plasma cell neoplasm (AU)

Objetivo: Presentar un caso raro de plasmocitoma testicular secundario en el contexto de una masa testicular. Métodos: Se trata de un paciente con un plasmocitoma y con infiltración testicular de su proceso sistémico. Resultado: Para tratarlo se realizó una orquiectomía por vía inguinal, sin presentar recidiva de su proceso sistémico tras 6 meses de seguimiento. Conclusiones: El plasmocytoma es una tumoración de células plasmáticas que puede asentar sobre la médula ósea o sobre zonas extramedulares. La infiltración testicular por células plasmáticas ocurre sólo en el 2 % de los caso de tumores de células plasmáticas (AU)

Sebaceous adenoma of the parotid gland.

Tumors of the salivary glands constitute an important field of oral and maxillofacial pathology. The majority of salivary gland neoplasms are benign, with malignant salivary tumors accounting for 15 to 32 percent. The most common site for salivary gland tumors is the parotid gland, accounting up to 80 percent of all cases. This article reports the pathologic picture in a case of sebaceous adenoma of the parotid gland. The tumor was composed of epithelial cells lining ducts and closely associated with broad areas of sebaceous differentiation. The growth pattern was predominantly cystic, with cavities filled with sebaceous material. Areas of oncocytic metaplasia were also seen. The presence of sebaceous glands in salivary neoplasms is frequent, however, and in spite of this, salivary neoplasms constituted partially or entirely of these cells are rarely observed. To the surgeon and pathologist, the major problem in dealing with sebaceous adenoma is the recognition of this rare entity, avoiding confusing with other more aggressive neoplasms. The treatment involves surgical excision. The addition of the current case to the previously published data brings the total number of parotid sebaceous adenoma to seven.

Adenoma sebáceo de la glándula parótida / Sebaceous adenoma of the parotid gland

Los tumores de las glándulas salivales constituyen un área importante de la patología oral y maxilofacial. La mayor parte de las neoplasias glandulares salivales son benignas, representando las malignas entre el 15 y el 32% del total. La localización más común de estas entidades es la glándula parótida, en la que asientan hasta el 80% de todos los casos. En este artículo se presenta un caso de adenoma sebáceo salival, de localización parotídea. El tumor, formado por células epiteliales que tapizan conductos, exhibe amplias áreas de diferenciación sebácea y zonas con metaplasia oncocítica. El patrón histológico es predominantemente quístico, observándose cavidades rellenas con material sebáceo. Si bien la presencia de glándulas sebáceas en las glándulas salivales es frecuente, las neoplasias exclusivamente formadas por las mismas son muy infrecuentes. Dada su rareza, este tumor plantea problemas diagnósticos diferenciales con otras entidades benignas y malignas. Su tratamiento implica la extirpación de la lesión, lo que generalmente involucra la eliminación de la glándula en la que ha surgido. El presente caso constituye el séptimo publicado de esta entidad

Tumors of the salivary glands constitute an important field of oral and maxillofacial pathology. The majority of salivary gland neoplasms are benign, with malignant salivary tumors accounting for 15 to 32 percent. The most common site for salivary gland tumors is the parotid gland, accounting up to 80 percent of all cases. This article reports the pathologic picture in a case of sebaceous adenoma of the parotid gland. The tumor was composed of epithelial cells lining ducts and closely associated with broad areas of sebaceous differentiation. The growth pattern was predominantly cystic, with cavities filled with sebaceous material. Areas of oncocytic metaplasia were also seen. The presence of sebaceous glands in salivary neoplasms is frequent, however, and in spite of this, salivary neoplasms constituted partially or entirely of these cells are rarely observed. To the surgeon and pathologist, the major problem in dealing with sebaceous adenoma is the recognition of this rare entity, avoiding confusing with other more aggressive neoplasms. The treatment involves surgical excision. The addition of the current case to the previously published data brings the total number of parotid sebaceous adenoma to seven