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1.
Rev. senol. patol. mamar. (Ed. impr.) ; 36(4)oct.-dic. 2023. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-226741

ABSTRACT

Introducción: el tumor desmoide (TD) de la mama es una lesión poco frecuente constituida por proliferación de células fibroblásticas. Puede localizarse a nivel intra o extraabdominal y la localización mamaria es excepcional. Aunque es una lesión benigna tiene un comportamiento localmente agresivo sin metástasis ganglionar o a distancia. Su etiología es desconocida y entre el 10 y 20% de los casos están relacionados con la poliposis adenomatosa familiar. Se presenta como un nódulo sólido de nueva aparición e indoloro. El tratamiento clásicamente ha sido la resección quirúrgica, con elevadas tasas de recurrencia a pesar de márgenes libres. Otras terapias están siendo estudiadas. Nuestro objetivo es revisar el manejo del TD de la mama a través del análisis de la casuística en nuestro centro en los últimos 10 años y la revisión de las evidencias disponibles. Métodos: análisis descriptivo retrospectivo. Los casos se identificaron empleando el sistema de explotación de la información del hospital. Se realizó una revisión narrativa de la literatura. Resultados: nuestra serie consta de 4 casos, mujeres de entre 36 y 66 años. Tres de ellas consultaron por nódulo palpable. La BAG presentó hallazgos compatibles con un TD. Los casos fueron presentados en un comité multidisciplinar y se propuso una resección quirúrgica amplia. La AP confirmó el diagnóstico y en uno de los casos informó de márgenes afectos. Durante el seguimiento se evidenció recidiva en dicho caso. Conclusiones: los TD son tumores infrecuentes, de repercusión clínica y respuesta al tratamiento variable. Este debe incluir la opción expectante y, en cualquier caso, individualizarse y consensuarse dentro de una perspectiva multidisciplinar. (AU)


Introduction: The desmoid tumor (DT) of the breast is a rare lesion consisting of proliferation of fibroblastic cells. It can be located intra- or extra-abdominally and the mammary location is exceptional. Although it is a benign lesion, it has a locally aggressive behavior without lymph node or distant metastasis. Its etiology is unknown and 10–20% of cases are related to familial adenomatous polyposis. It presents as a new, painless solid nodule. The treatment has traditionally been surgical resection, with high rates of recurrence despite free margins. Other therapies are being studied. Our objective is to review the management of DT of the breast through the analysis of the casuistry in our center in the last 10 years and the review of the available evidence. Methods: Retrospective descriptive analysis. The cases were identified using the hospital information exploitation system. A narrative review of the literature was performed. Results: Our series consists of 4 cases, women between 36 and 66 years old. Three of them consulted for a palpable nodule. The CNB presented findings compatible with DT. The cases were presented to a multidisciplinary committee and a wide surgical resection was proposed. The AP confirmed the diagnosis and in one of the cases reported affected margins. During follow-up, recurrence was observed in this case. Conclusions: DTs are infrequent tumors, with clinical repercussions and variable response to treatment. This must include the expectant option and, in any case, be individualized and agreed upon within a multidisciplinary perspective. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Fibromatosis, Aggressive/diagnosis , Unilateral Breast Neoplasms , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Retrospective Studies , Adenomatous Polyposis Coli
2.
Rev. senol. patol. mamar. (Ed. impr.) ; 36(3)jul.- sep. 2023. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-223886

ABSTRACT

Introducción: las lesiones B3 comprenden un grupo heterogéneo de lesiones proliferativas epiteliales de mama que suponen un riesgo variable de aparición subsiguiente de carcinoma. Nuestro objetivo es analizar el manejo de las lesiones B3 en nuestro centro entre 2017 y 2021 y compararlo con las recomendaciones de los consensos internacionales. Material y métodos: análisis descriptivo retrospectivo. Se incluyeron en el estudio todos los pacientes con diagnóstico histológico (por BAG o BAV) de lesión de mama B3, intervenidos o no, en el periodo indicado. Resultados: se identificaron 79 casos. Se realizó BAG en el 83,54% de los casos y BAV en el 16,45%. El 80,3% de las BAG realizadas fueron diagnósticas de LP, en 6 casos HDA y en 5 casos TF. Se realizó BAV en 11 casos. Se indicó intervención quirúrgica en el 97,46% de los casos. El análisis anatomopatológico de la pieza quirúrgica mostró en el 63,63% de los casos LP sin atipia. Cinco casos (6,49%) fueron diagnosticados de CLIS, 5 casos de CDIS, 4 casos de TF benigno y 4 casos de HDA. Dos casos fueron diagnosticados de CR y de HD usual. Discusión: el manejo de las lesiones B3 llevado a cabo en nuestro centro está marcado por el sobretratamiento respecto a las recomendaciones de los consensos. Una adaptación más estricta a las recomendaciones vigentes, la discusión de los casos en el CMD, que incluya la correlación radio-patológica y la evaluación de la lesión residual, y el uso más frecuente de BAV podría disminuir esta tendencia. (AU)


Introduction: B3 lesions comprise a heterogeneous group of proliferative epithelial lesions of the breast that pose a variable risk of subsequent development of carcinoma. Our objective is to analyze the management of B3 lesions in our center between 2017 and 2021 and compare it with the recommendations of the international consensus. Material and methods: Retrospective descriptive analysis. All patients with a histological diagnóstico (by BAG or AVB) of a B3 breast lesion, operated on or not, in the indicated period, were included in the study. Results: 79 cases were identified. BAG was performed in 83.54% of the cases and BAV in 16.45%. 80.3% of the BAG performed were diagnostic of LP, HDA in 6 cases and TF in 5 cases. BAV was performed in 11 cases. Surgical intervention was indicated in 97.46% of the cases. The anatomopathological analysis of the surgical specimen showed LP without atypia in 63.63% of the cases. Five cases (6.49%) were diagnosed with LCIS, five cases with DCIS, four cases with benign TF, and four cases with HDA. Two cases were diagnosed with CR and usual HD. Discussion: The management of B3 lesions carried out in our center is marked by overtreatment with respect to the consensus recommendations. A stricter adaptation to the current recommendations, the discussion of the cases in the CMD, which includes the radiopathological correlation and the evaluation of the residual lesion, and the more frequent use of AVB could reduce this tendency. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Breast/injuries , Breast Neoplasms , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Retrospective Studies , Biopsy
3.
Salud Boliviana ; 21(2): 81-86, Mayo, 2023. Ilus
Article in Spanish | LIBOCS | ID: biblio-1554029

ABSTRACT

Los gemelos toracópagos están unidos de hecho como se dice cara a cara por el pecho y suelen compartir uno o varios órganos y en este caso y en particular el corazón. Existen casos reportados hace años atrás en las que algunos suelen compartir el hígado el diafragma e incluso intestino, y obviamente la piel o puente tisular. En este reporte de caso se trata de una paciente multigesta, y producto de su tercera gestación que fue diagnosticada como embarazo gemelar tora copago o (siamés toraco pago). La cual fue captada inicialmente en un primer nivel de atención proveniente del área rural y derivada a segundo nivel en nuestra ciudad para su reevaluación por especialidad de gineco-obstetricia utilizando como herramienta diagnóstica un equipo ultrasonográfico de alta gama.

4.
Surg Oncol ; 38: 101636, 2021 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34303211

ABSTRACT

AIM: to study the feasibility and value of "Targeted Axillary Dissection" (TAD) in cN1 breast cancer (BC) patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT), in order to avoid unnecessary axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Design: Prospective observational study. INCLUSION CRITERIA: Patients with histologically confirmed cN1 staging BC and treated with NACT between January 2016 and August 2019 who accomplished clinical response. METHOD: Fine-Needle Aspiration (FNA) positive axillary nodes were marked with a metallic clip prior to neoadjuvant treatment. All patients were summited to TAD and ALND. Analysis of data: We performed [1]: a feasibility analysis of clinical, radiological and pathological variables, as well as difficulties and complications of the TAD [2]; a diagnostic test study of the sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB), clipped lymph node biopsy (BCLIP) and their combination (TAD), using ALND as the Gold Standard. RESULTS: 60 patients were included. 43 patients (71.7%) had a complete clinical lymph node response to NACT. Neither limitations nor complications in clip placement were found. Intraoperative location of the clipped node was problematic in 7 cases (11.7%). The pathological complete response rate (pCR) was 30.5% (18 patients) and ypN0 staging rate was 38.3% (23 patients). Sensitivity values of each technique were: SLNB: 80.9% (95%CI: 61.8-100); BCLIP: 80.8% (95%CI: 63.7-97.8); TAD: 92.6% (95%CI: 80.9-100) with negative predictive values of: SLNB: 84.6% (95%CI: 68.8-100); BCLIP: 81.0% (95%CI: 63.7-97.8); TAD: 91.3% (95%CI: 77.6-100). CONCLUSION: TAD is feasible and valid to rule out axillary metastatic involvement in cN1 breast cancer patients who respond to NACT.


Subject(s)
Axilla/pathology , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Lymph Nodes/pathology , Lymphatic Metastasis/diagnosis , Neoplasm Staging/methods , Breast Neoplasms/therapy , Chemotherapy, Adjuvant , Feasibility Studies , Female , Humans , Longitudinal Studies , Lymph Node Excision , Middle Aged , Neoadjuvant Therapy , Prospective Studies , Unnecessary Procedures
5.
Surg Oncol ; 38: 101629, 2021 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34171793

ABSTRACT

AIM: To determine predictive factors of axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) results in breast cancer (BC) patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT), and subsequent staging using Targeted Axillary Dissection (TAD). MATERIAL AND METHOD: Case-control study between January 2016 and August 2019. Patients with BC, cN1 staging, marked with a metallic clip prior to NACT, and subsequently staged with TAD and ALND were included. They were divided into 2 groups: ALND patients with or without metastatic involvement (group 1 and group 2, respectively). We carried out a univariate analysis comparing clinical, radiological, surgical and pathological variables, and a logistic regression, (dependent variable: positive result of ALND; independent variables: number of suspicious lymph nodes in diagnostic ultrasound, positive hormone receptors, HER2 positive, complete clinical-radiological response to NACT, positive TAD, and biopsy of ≤2 nodes in TAD). A score for prediction of a metastatic ALND was proposed, with an internal validation study. RESULTS: 60 patients were included: Group 1: 33 (55.0%); Group 2: 27 (45.0%). Tumor size (Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.67; 95%CI 1.02-2.74), number of suspected nodes in ultrasound (OR = 2.20; 95%CI 1.01-4, 77), HER2 positive (OR 0.04; 95%CI 0.003-0.54), clinical-radiological response to NACT (OR = 0.07; 95%CI 0.01-0.75), and positive TAD (OR 15.48; 95%CI 1.68-142.78) were independent predictors of a positive result in ALND. We developed a "positive ALND predictive score", with good calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow test: p = 0.65), and discrimination (AUC = 0.93; 95% CI 0, 87-0.99), with highest Youden index (0.7) at cut-off point of 17% risk of positive ALND (sensitivity = 100%; specificity = 70%). CONCLUSION: Tumor size, number of suspected nodes, positive HER2, response to NACT, and metastatic TAD are independent predictors of ALND. The predictive score for positive ALND would be a good indicator to safely omit ALND.


Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Lymph Node Excision/statistics & numerical data , Lymph Nodes/pathology , Neoadjuvant Therapy/methods , Axilla , Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy , Breast Neoplasms/surgery , Case-Control Studies , Combined Modality Therapy , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Lymph Node Excision/methods , Middle Aged , Prognosis , Prospective Studies
6.
Cir. Esp. (Ed. impr.) ; 98(9): 510-515, nov. 2020. graf, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-198477

ABSTRACT

La disección axilar dirigida (DAD) consiste en una nueva técnica de estadificación axilar que combina la biopsia selectiva del ganglio centinela (BSGC) y la biopsia del ganglio marcado con clip (BCLIP) en la misma cirugía, para reestadificar a las pacientes con cáncer de mama con ganglios axilares positivos tratadas mediante quimioterapia neoadyuvante (QTNA). Para su realización, previo a la QTNA, se punciona el ganglio metastásico de manera ecoguiada y se deja un marcador en su interior, para biopsiarlo de manera dirigida en la cirugía posterior. Existen numerosos marcadores: desde clips de acero, titanio o ácido poliglicólico hasta semillas de radioyodo o ferromagnéticas, que difieren en su método de localización y recuperación (arpón, sonda de detección gamma, o sonda magnética). El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar una revisión sistemática del estado actual de la DAD, así como explicar las diferentes técnicas y tipos de marcaje axilar, con base en la evidencia disponible


Targeted axillary dissection (TAD) consists of a new axillary staging technique that combines sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) and clipped lymph node biopsy (CLNB) in the same surgery, in order to re-stage patients with breast cancer and positive axillary lymph nodes undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAQT). Prior to the NAQT, the affected lymph node is punctured and a solid marker is left inside echo-guided, in order to biopsy it in the subsequent surgery. There are numerous types of markers: metallic (steel, titanium or polyglycolic acid clips), radioiodine or ferromagnetic seeds, which differ in the method of location (wire, gamma-detection or magnetic probe). The aim of this study is to perform a systematic review about the current status of the TAD, as well as to explain the different techniques and types of axillary marking, based on the current available evidence


Subject(s)
Humans , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Breast Neoplasms/surgery , Neoadjuvant Therapy/methods , Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy/methods , Surgical Instruments , Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis , Lymph Node Excision/methods , Axilla
7.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol. (En línea) ; 85(4): 376-382, ago. 2020. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1138635

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN El fibroadenoma gigante juvenil es un tumor de mama benigno y una variante rara de los fibroadenomas. La presentación clínica suele ser una masa tumoral unilateral, de crecimiento rápido e indolora. En este artículo presentamos el caso de un fibroadenoma gigante juvenil de 12 cm de diámetro en la mama de una niña de 13 años. Se realiza estudio radiológico e histológico de la lesión siendo categorizada como un fibroadenoma gigante juvenil por lo que se realiza tumorectomía completa con remodelación mamaria posterior. A los dos meses de seguimiento, la paciente se encuentra sin signos de recidiva, con buena situación general y a la espera de cirugía de remodelación mamaria.


ABSTRACT Juvenile giant fibroadenoma is a benign breast tumor and a rare variant of fibroadenomas. The clinical presentation is usually a painless, fast growing, unilateral tumor mass. In this article we present the case of a giant juvenile fibroadenoma of 12 cm in diameter in the breast of a 13-year-old girl. A radiological and histological study of the lesion was carried out and it was categorized as a juvenile giant fibroadenoma, so a complete lumpectomy with posterior breast remodeling was performed. After two months of follow-up, the patient is without signs of recurrence, in good general condition and waiting for the breast remodeling surgery.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Breast Neoplasms/surgery , Breast Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Fibroadenoma/surgery , Fibroadenoma/diagnostic imaging , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Ultrasonography, Mammary , Fibroadenoma/pathology
8.
Cir Esp (Engl Ed) ; 98(9): 510-515, 2020 Nov.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32386728

ABSTRACT

Targeted axillary dissection (TAD) consists of a new axillary staging technique that combines sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) and clipped lymph node biopsy (CLNB) in the same surgery, in order to re-stage patients with breast cancer and positive axillary lymph nodes undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAQT). Prior to the NAQT, the affected lymph node is punctured and a solid marker is left inside echo-guided, in order to biopsy it in the subsequent surgery. There are numerous types of markers: metallic (steel, titanium or polyglycolic acid clips), radioiodine or ferromagnetic seeds, which differ in the method of location (wire, gamma-detection or magnetic probe). The aim of this study is to perform a systematic review about the current status of the TAD, as well as to explain the different techniques and types of axillary marking, based on the current available evidence.


Subject(s)
Axilla/surgery , Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy , Dissection/methods , Lymph Nodes/surgery , Neoadjuvant Therapy/methods , Axilla/pathology , Biomarkers, Tumor/classification , Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Female , Humans , Iodine Radioisotopes/administration & dosage , Iodine Radioisotopes/metabolism , Lymph Node Excision/methods , Lymph Nodes/metabolism , Lymph Nodes/pathology , Lymphatic Metastasis/pathology , Monitoring, Intraoperative/instrumentation , Neoplasm Staging/methods , Non-Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic/methods , Observational Studies as Topic , Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy/methods , Ultrasonography/methods
9.
Educ. med. (Ed. impr.) ; 21(2): 118-122, mar.-abr. 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-194479

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Valorar la formación de profesionales médicos en comunicación de malas noticias (CMN), y evaluar la utilidad de un taller de videos y debriefing para su enseñanza. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo de la formación previa, metodología, e importancia de la CMN en estudiantes, residentes y facultativos en Medicina. También se ha realizado un estudio antes-después para evaluar la utilidad de un taller práctico basado en videos de diferentes situaciones con CMN, aplicación del protocolo SPIKES, y posterior debriefing, y una encuesta de satisfacción a los estudiantes de dicho taller. RESULTADOS: Participaron 135 personas, siendo 102 (75,6%) estudiantes de Medicina. Ciento diecisiete participantes (92,9%) no utilizaban ninguna metodología en CMN, 99 (79,2%) no habían recibido formación en CMN, y 113 (89,7%) no conocían el protocolo SPIKES. Tras el taller, 112 encuestados (85,5%) consideraron muy importante la formación en CMN. Todos los participantes encontraron útil el taller y consideraron que la metodología fue adecuada (3-5 en escala de Likert). Al comparar las evaluaciones, encontramos una media de 5,8 (IC95% 5,6-5,9) pretaller, y de 5,9 (IC95% 5,9-6,0) postaller (p < 0,01). CONCLUSIÓN: Existe poca formación en la actualidad para la CMN. Su enseñanza debe ser práctica, siendo el modelo de videos un método adecuado


AIM: To evaluate the training of medical professionals in Breaking Bad News (BBN), and the usefulness of a workshop based on clinical-case' videos and debriefing. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Descriptive study of previous training, methodology used, and importance of BBN in students, residents and physicians. A before-after study was also performed to evaluate the usefulness of a practical workshop based on videos of different situations with BBN, application of the SPIKES protocol, and subsequent debriefing. A satisfaction survey was answered by all participants. RESULTS: 135 people participated in the workshop, of which 102 (75.6%) were medical students. 117 participants (92.9%) did not use any methodology in BBN, 99 (79.2%) had not received previous training in BBN, and 113 (89.7%) did not know the SPIKES protocol. After the workshop, 112 (85.5%) considered BBN very important. All participants found the workshop useful and considered that the methodology was adequate (3-5 on Likert scale). Comparing the evaluations, we have found an average of 5.8 (95% CI 5.6-5.9) pre-workshop, and 5.9 (95% CI 5.9-6.0) post-workshop (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Currently, training in BBN is poor. Its teaching should be practical, being the video model an appropriate method


Subject(s)
Humans , Audiovisual Aids , Students, Medical/psychology , Education, Medical/organization & administration , Family/psychology , Communication , Video Recording/methods , Surveys and Questionnaires
10.
Cir Cir ; 88(2): 175-184, 2020.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32116319

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: There could be important failures in clinical data and plan records that potentially influence the surgical care process. OBJECTIVE: To complete a quality of care improvement cycle on the surgical care process in the General Surgery ward rounds. Structured quality criteria were measured, in order to identify major deficiencies, to implement improvement measures and to reassess the quality of surgical care process. Furthermore, we'll value the viability the implementation of a structured registration system and nutritional assessment method. METHOD: Comparative quality study (n = 60) before-after the setting of several improvement measures derived from the analysis of the surgical care process. Evaluated criteria were the information received by the patient, adequate recording of the clinical course and plan of care established by the surgeon in the Electronic Health Record, recording of patient's weight and size and nutritional assessment. Informative sessions, subjective, objective, assessment, plan notes on the electronic clinical record and a nutritional assessment test were implemented. RESULTS: There was a significant improvement in all measured criteria (information, data records and nutritional assessment). CONCLUSION: Simple organizational measures allow a significant improvement in the information process, clinical records and malnutrition risk detection in a surgical ward.


ANTECEDENTES: Podrían existir carencias en el registro de datos relevantes del proceso asistencial de hospitalización quirúrgica. OBJETIVO: Completar un ciclo de mejora de la calidad del proceso asistencial quirúrgico en una planta de cirugía. Mediremos unos criterios de calidad estructurados, identificando las principales deficiencias, implementando medidas de mejora y reevaluando la calidad del proceso asistencial quirúrgico. Además, se valora la viabilidad de la implantación de un sistema nemotécnico de registro de actividad y de un método de evaluación nutricional. MÉTODO: Estudio comparativo (n = 60) antes-después del establecimiento de medidas de mejora basadas en el análisis del proceso asistencial quirúrgico. Los criterios evaluados fueron la información recibida por el paciente, el registro de la evolución clínica y el plan de cuidado establecido por el cirujano en la historia clínica, el registro de peso y talla, y la valoración nutricional. Se realizaron sesiones informativas e implementación electrónica de la nota SOAP (subjetive, objetive, assessment, plan) y de un test de valoración nutricional. RESULTADOS: Hubo mejoría significativa en todos los criterios medidos (información, registro y evaluación nutricional). CONCLUSIÓN: Algunas medidas sencillas permiten una mejoría importante en la información, la evaluación nutricional y el registro del proceso asistencial en una planta de cirugía.


Subject(s)
Quality Improvement , Surgical Procedures, Operative/standards , Cross-Sectional Studies , General Surgery , Hospital Departments , Humans
11.
Surg Oncol ; 30: 52-57, 2019 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31500785

ABSTRACT

AIM: To study the feasibility and validity of ultrasound-guided pre-chemotherapy marking of metastatic axillary lymph nodes followed by targeted axillary dissection (TAD), in breast cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). MATERIAL AND METHOD: Prospective diagnostic test study conducted between January 2016 and March 2018. Patients with breast cancer and indication for NACT, cN1 or cN2 axillary staging, were included. A clip was placed in the affected lymph node prior to NACT. A sentinel lymph-node biopsy (SLNB) and a clipped lymph-node biopsy (BCLIP) were conducted, followed by axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). Location rate (LR) and negative predictive value (NPV) were evaluated, taking SLNB, BCLIP and their combination (TAD) as evaluated tests and metastatic involvement in the ALND specimen as the gold standard. RESULTS: Twenty-three patients were included in the study. Sentinel lymph node could only be detected in 19 cases (LR = 80.61%), whereas BCLIP was successful in 22 (LR = 95.65%). The sentinel lymph node coincided with the marked lymph node in 14 patients (60.9%). We found a NPV for the SLNB of 0.85 (95%CI: 0.61-1.0), whereas for TAD it was 1.00 (95%CI: 0.74-1.0). CONCLUSION: TAD is a feasible test for axillary restaging after NACT, with a higher success rate than SLNB.


Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Lymph Node Excision/methods , Mastectomy/methods , Neoadjuvant Therapy/methods , Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy/methods , Sentinel Lymph Node/pathology , Axilla , Breast Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Breast Neoplasms/therapy , Combined Modality Therapy , Feasibility Studies , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Staging , Prospective Studies , Sentinel Lymph Node/surgery , Ultrasonography
12.
Case Rep Surg ; 2016: 6098019, 2016.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26925285

ABSTRACT

Chyle leak following axillary lymph node clearance is a rare yet important complication. The treatment of postoperative chyle fistula still remains unclear. Conservative management is the first line of treatment. It includes axillary drains on continuous suction, pressure dressings, bed rest, and nutritional modifications. The use of somatostatin analogue is well documented as a treatment for chylous fistulas after neck surgery. We present a case of chylous fistula after axillary surgery resolved with the use of octreotide.

15.
Rev. senol. patol. mamar. (Ed. impr.) ; 26(1): 18-24, ene.-mar. 2013.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-109849

ABSTRACT

La valoración clínica combinada con distintas exploraciones complementarias, principalmente la mamografía y la ecografía, constituye la aproximación habitual en el diagnóstico de una lesión sospechosa de mama en pacientes sintomáticas. En el caso de mujeres asintomáticas sometidas a cribado poblacional, la mamografía y/o la ecografía suponen el establecimiento de la sospecha y el inicio de cualquier protocolo diagnóstico. Sin embargo, ninguna de estas tecnologías aplicada aisladamente o en combinación es capaz de diferenciar el 100% de las lesiones malignas, por lo que resulta necesario en muchas ocasiones recurrir a la biopsia para confirmar el diagnóstico. Un alto porcentaje de estas biopsias resultan finalmente benignas, pero a costa de una inevitable morbilidad asociada (que no es exclusivamente la ansiedad) para la paciente y un aumento en el consumo de recursos. En el sistema Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System®, la categoría 3 (hallazgo probablemente benigno) es la que mayor variabilidad interobservador presenta, no solo en la descripción, sino también en el manejo, esto es seguimiento o biopsia. Encontrar el equilibrio entre no perder la posibilidad de un diagnóstico precoz y no abusar de pruebas intervencionistas, con la mayor eficacia y garantía para la paciente al menor coste, es el desafío que se plantea: un desarrollo conceptual y/o tecnólogico que mejore el rendimiento diagnóstico de estas exploraciones y nos permita tomar decisiones adecuadas en este contexto de variabilidad(AU)


A clinical assessment including several complementary tests such as mammography and ultrasound, mainly, is the gold standard in the diagnosis of suspicious breast images in symptomatic women. For asymptomatic women under breast screening, both techniques establish the grade of suspicion and the initial diagnostic workup. However, none of these technologies, applied alone or in combination, have a 100% accuracy and a biopsy is frequently needed to confirm the diagnosis. A high percentage of these biopsies are finally benign, which certainly means a high cost in terms of morbidity —which stands not only for anxiety— and resources. The Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System® 3 category (probably benign finding) is the most ambiguous one in the ACR lexicon system. A considerable inter-observer variability has been published both in the classifying process and the management —biopsy or follow-up— of the assessed lesions. The challenge in this setting is finding a correct balance between early diagnosis and invasive testing. A conceptual and/or technical framework leading to improve diagnostic performance in this category is imperative to allow us to make the right decisions in this context of variability(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Ultrasonography, Mammary/standards , Ultrasonography, Mammary/trends , Ultrasonography, Mammary , Biopsy/methods , Biopsy/trends , Biopsy , Breast Neoplasms , Early Diagnosis , Ultrasonography, Mammary/instrumentation , Ultrasonography, Mammary/methods , Mammography/methods , Mammography/trends , Mammography , Mass Screening/methods
17.
Cir. Esp. (Ed. impr.) ; 71(6): 330-332, jun. 2002. ilus
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-12174

ABSTRACT

Introducción. El hematoma de la vaina de los rectos es una causa poco frecuente de dolor abdominal. Si se diagnostica correctamente, la cirugía suele ser innecesaria en la mayoría de los casos. Este estudio evalúa el papel de la ecografía y la tomografía axial computarizada (TAC) en el diagnóstico del hematoma de la vaina de los rectos. Método. Se revisan 12 casos de hematoma de la vaina de los rectos en un período de 15 meses. Resultados. La ecografía fue diagnóstica en 11 de los 12 pacientes. La TAC diagnosticó correctamente a los 3 pacientes en los que se practicó. Conclusión. La cirugía puede evitarse en la mayoría de pacientes con hematoma de la vaina de los rectos si se diagnostica correctamente mediante pruebas de imagen (AU)


Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Male , Middle Aged , Humans , Abdominal Pain/diagnosis , Abdominal Pain/etiology , Hematoma/diagnosis , Hematoma , Diagnostic Imaging/methods , Tomography, Emission-Computed/methods , Shock/complications , Shock/mortality , Renal Insufficiency/complications , Renal Insufficiency/mortality , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Hypertension/complications , Hypertension/diagnosis , Ecchymosis/complications , Ecchymosis/diagnosis , Embolization, Therapeutic/methods
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