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1.
Aten Primaria ; 34(8): 414-9, 2004 Nov 15.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15546539

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To calculate the prevalence of chronic auricular fibrillation (CAF), how much of it is considered high-risk (CAFhr) and the degree of coverage with oral anti-coagulation treatment (OAT). DESIGN: Multi-centre descriptive study. SETTING: 9 health districts. The "Terres de l'Ebre" Primary Care Service. PARTICIPANTS: Randomised sample of 375 patients with CAF, of whom 150 met the criteria of CAFh-r during 2002. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: Profile of patients with CAFh-r; coverage with OAT; place of follow-up; presence of vascular complications, and the time relationships between the diagnosis of CAF, vascular complications and the start of OAT. All the INR determinations taken from the patients included in the study were used. RESULTS: There was 2.2% prevalence of CAF (95% CI, 1.4-3.3). 40% of CAF had criteria of CAFh-r. 74.2% were treated with OAT. In 41.7% the diagnosis of CAF coincided with the incidence of some vascular complication. There were no differences between the overall results of the INR obtained in hospital and in PC. The expected efficacy of OAT for thromboembolism prevention in our high-risk sample was 61.12%. CONCLUSIONS: 40% of the CAF are high-risk. In over a third of patients OAT was indicated after a vascular complication linked to an unknown CAF. The INR between 2-3 is similar in PC centres and the corresponding haematology service.


Subject(s)
Anticoagulants/therapeutic use , Atrial Fibrillation/drug therapy , Atrial Fibrillation/epidemiology , Drug Utilization Review , Warfarin/therapeutic use , Atrial Fibrillation/complications , Humans , International Normalized Ratio , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Thromboembolism/prevention & control
2.
Aten. prim. (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 34(8): 414-419, 2004.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-35865

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Estimar la prevalencia de la fibrilación auricular crónica (FAC), qué porcentaje se considera de alto riesgo (FACar) y el grado de cobertura con tratamiento anticoagulante oral (TAO).Diseño. Estudio descriptivo y multicéntrico. Emplazamiento. Nueve áreas básicas de salud. Servei d'Atenció Primària Terres de l'Ebre. Participantes. Muestra aleatoria de 375 pacientes con FAC, de los que 150 reunían los criterios de FACar, durante el año 2002.Mediciones principales. Perfil de pacientes con FACar, cobertura con TAO, lugar de seguimiento, presencia de complicaciones vasculares y relación temporal entre el diagnóstico de la FAC, las complicaciones vasculares y el inicio del TAO. Se utilizaron todas las determinaciones de la razón normalizada internacional practicadas a los pacientes incluidos en el período de estudio. Resultados. La prevalencia de FAC es del 2,2 por ciento (intervalo de confianza del 95 por ciento, 1,43,3). El 40 por ciento de las FAC tienen criterios de FACar. Un 74,2 por ciento están tratadas con TAO.En un 41,7 por ciento el diagnóstico de la FAC coincide con la incidencia de una complicación vascular. No hay diferencias en los resultados globales de las razones normalizadas internacionales obtenidas en el hospital y en atención primaria. La efectividad esperada del TAO en la prevención tromboembólica en nuestra población de alto riesgo es del 61,12 por ciento. Conclusiones. El 40 por ciento de las FAC son de alto riesgo. En más de un tercio de los pacientes el TAO se indicó después de una complicación vascular asociada a una FAC desconocida. La proporción de una razón normalizada internacional entre 2 y 3 obtenida en los centros de atención primaria es similar a la del servicio de hematología de referencia (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Drug Utilization Review , Anticoagulants , Thromboembolism , Risk Factors , Prevalence , Warfarin , Atrial Fibrillation , International Normalized Ratio
3.
Aten Primaria ; 32(1): 36-41, 2003 Jun 15.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12812689

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To compare the effectiveness of group (GE) and individual (IE) health education in type-2 diabetes patients, and identify the improvement in knowledge, metabolic control and risk factors. DESIGN: Randomised clinical trial. SETTING: Primary care.Participants. 68 patients with type-2 diabetes, diagnosed 6 months before the start of the study and who had not received GE. Patients aged over 75, those with sensory, psychological and/or physical deficiencies and those not monitored in primary care were excluded (alpha=0.05; beta=0.2).Interventions. Patients were selected according to the inclusion criteria and allocated at random to the IE (n=33) or GE (n=35) group. Individual and group lessons were given at the same time for a year. The contents were evaluated with a validated, self-administered test. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: General, demographic variables, analyses, blood pressure, the Body Mass Index (BMI), the presence of cardiovascular risk factors, diabetes-related complications and therapeutic variables were all measured. RESULTS: The two kinds of education showed no significant differences from each other. The two groups improved the level of knowledge (P<0.001), and reduced HbA1c (P<0.001), HDL-C (P<0.001), the BMI (P=0.001) and systolic pressure (P=0.004), and increased their use of reactive strips (P=0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Health education on diabetes improved knowledge of the disease, metabolic control and cardiovascular risk factors. The two educational methods evaluated were equally effective.


Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy , Patient Education as Topic/methods , Aged , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood , Female , Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis , Humans , Male , Patient Education as Topic/statistics & numerical data
4.
Aten. prim. (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 32(1): 36-41, jun. 2003.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-29700

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Comparar la efectividad de la educación sanitaria grupal (EG) frente a la individual (EI) en pacientes diabéticos tipo 2, identificando la mejora del nivel de conocimientos, del control metabólico y de los factores de riesgo. Diseño. Ensayo clínico aleatorizado. Emplazamiento. Atención primaria. Participantes. Sesenta y ocho pacientes diabéticos tipo 2, diagnosticados 6 meses antes de haber iniciado el estudio y que no habían recibido EG, excluyendo a los de más de 75 años, a los que presentaban déficit sensoriales, psicológicos o físicos y los que no estaban controlados en nuestro nivel asistencial (alfa = 0,05, beta = 0,2).Intervenciones. Se seleccionó a los pacientes según los criterios de inclusión y se asignaron de forma aleatoria en el grupo de EI (n = 33) y EG (n = 35). Durante un año se impartieron lecciones individuales y grupales simultáneamente, y los contenidos se evaluaron con un test validado y autoadministrado. Mediciones principales. Variables generales, demográficas, analíticas, presión arterial y el índice de masa corporal (IMC), así como la presencia de factores de riesgo cardiovascular, complicaciones relacionadas con la diabetes y variables terapéuticas. Resultados. Los dos tipos de educación no mostraron diferencias significativas entre ellos y ambos grupos mostraron mejoría en el nivel de conocimientos (p < 0,001), reducción de HbA1c (p < 0,001), colesterol HDL (p < 0,001), IMC (p = 0,001), presión arterial sistólica (p = 0,004), aumento del uso de tiras reactivas (p = 0,02).Conclusiones. La educación sanitaria en la diabetes mejora los conocimientos de la enfermedad, el control metabólico y factores de riesgo cardiovascular. Los dos métodos educativos evaluados han resultado igual de eficaces (AU)


Subject(s)
Aged , Male , Female , Humans , Patient Education as Topic , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 , Glycated Hemoglobin
5.
Aten Primaria ; 31(5): 295-300, 2003 Mar 31.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12681144

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To find the distribution of coronary risk (CR) in the various groups of hypertense patients in the Joint National Committee (JNC VI), using both the Framingham and Sheffield tables, and to assess whether there is a relationship between the different scales used. DESIGN: Descriptive study. SETTING: Tortosa Oeste Health District, Tarragona. Spain. PARTICIPANTS: Rural population between 30 and 74 years old with Hypertension, but without any background of cardiovascular pathology. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: The variables studied corresponded to the Anderson table in the Framingham study, the Sheffield table and the JNC VI one. Concordance was assessed with the kappa coefficient. RESULTS: 148 hypertense patients with an average age of 62, 63.5% of whom were women, were studied. 23% had high CR on the Framingham, and 42.1% on the Sheffield. Distribution of the sample according to the stratification of the JNC VI was: A, 16.2%; B, 51.4%, and C, 32.4%. High risk on the Framingham in the various groups of the JNC VI was: A, 0%; B, 9.2%, and C, 56.3% (kappa, 0.533). High risk on the Sheffield in the groups of the JNC VI ran at: A, 4.2%; B, 41.3%, and C, 66.7% (kappa, 0.324). CONCLUSIONS: There was moderate concordance between the Framingham tables and the JNC VI for calculation of CR in our population.


Subject(s)
Coronary Disease/epidemiology , Adult , Aged , Coronary Disease/etiology , Epidemiologic Studies , Female , Humans , Hypertension/complications , Hypertension/epidemiology , Male , Middle Aged , Risk Assessment/methods , Risk Factors , Spain/epidemiology
6.
Aten. prim. (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 31(5): 295-300, mar. 2003.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-29644

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Conocer la distribución del riesgo coronario (RC) de los distintos grupos de hipertensos del Joint National Committee ( JNC VI), tanto con la tabla de Framingham como con la de Sheffield, valorando si existe relación entre las diferentes escalas utilizadas.Diseño. Estudio descriptivo.Emplazamiento. ABS Tortosa Oeste. Tarragona. España.Participantes. Población rural hipertensa, de 30 a 74 años sin antecedentes de afección cardiovascular.Mediciones principales. Las variables estudiadas corresponden a la tabla de Anderson del estudio de Framingham, la de Sheffield y la del JNC VI. La concordancia se evalúa con el coeficiente kappa.Resultados. Se ha estudiado a 148 hipertensos con una edad media de 62 años, el 63,5 por ciento mujeres. El 23 por ciento presenta un RC alto según Framingham y el 42,1 por ciento, según Sheffield. La distribución de la muestra según la estratificación del JNC VI es: A, 16,2 por ciento; B, 51,4 por ciento; C, 32,4 por ciento. El porcentaje de riesgo alto según Framingham en los diferentes grupos de JNC VI es: A, 0 por ciento; B, 9,2 por ciento y C, 56,3 por ciento (kappa = 0,533). La distribución de riesgo alto de Sheffield en los grupos del JNC VI es: A, 4,2 por ciento; B, 41,3 por ciento y C, 66,7 por ciento (kappa = 0,324).Conclusiones. En nuestra población existe moderada concordancia en el cálculo del RC con las tablas de Framingham y del JNC VI (AU)


Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Adult , Aged , Male , Female , Humans , Spain , Risk Factors , Epidemiologic Studies , Risk Assessment , Coronary Disease , Hypertension
7.
An Esp Pediatr ; 57(6): 534-9, 2002 Dec.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12466076

ABSTRACT

Background Breastfeeding duration in Spanish neonates does not fulfill the recommendations of the World Health Organization.ObjectiveTo report the results of a policy of breastfeeding support in a primary care center.Material and methodsWe performed a before-and-after intervention study of all mothers of children born in Ulldecona who decided to breast feed in 1992, 1993, 1996 and 1997 (control group: 125 infants), and from August 1999-August 2001 (72 infants). Study variable: in May 1999 a breastfeeding support policy was initiated in the primary care center.ResultsBreastfeeding duration increased (in the control group the mean duration of exclusive breastfeeding was 18.8 weeks; from 1999 to 2001 it was 28 weeks). Negative factors for breastfeeding were the birth of twins, introduction of a supplement, and education (there was an inverse relationship between greater education and breastfeeding duration). Duration of breastfeeding was longer in Moroccan mothers. Sex, gestational age, weight, type of delivery, separation between mother and neonate, maternal age, previous children, and work outside the home did not influence breastfeeding duration. Simple lineal regression revealed that the intervention was effective (P 0.046). Early hypogalactia and breast problems decreased, and voluntary weaning increased (P < 0.001).ConclusionThe primary care team plays key role in the maintenance of breastfeeding and in the well-being of the mother and neonate.


Subject(s)
Breast Feeding , Mothers , Humans , Infant , Postnatal Care , Primary Health Care , Weaning
8.
Aten Primaria ; 27(3): 178-82, 2001 Feb 28.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11262323

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To find the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and disturbed basal glucaemia in the population over 24 years old and the relationship of this to factors of risk of becoming diabetic. DESIGN: Descriptive, cross-sectional population study. SETTING: Community, county (Baix Ebre-Montsià-Terra Alta) and primary care (9 health districts) context. PATIENTS: Inhabitants of the three most southerly counties of Catalonia over 24 years old (106,551 out of 132,938). INTERVENTIONS: We randomised from the data base of the computer service of the Catalan Institute of Health (100% coverage), for an estimated prevalence of 15%, losses of 20%, 95% CI and +/- 5% accuracy, a sample of 245 people (we studied 198). We informed each doctor of his/her patients in the study. If the patient was diabetic, his/her doctor filled out a questionnaire; if not, the doctor also requested from the laboratory two glucaemia analyses taken after fasting. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Using the diagnostic criteria and screening methods of the ADA-1997, we obtained the following results: 1. 14.1% prevalence of DM (1.5% new diagnoses); 4% prevalence of disturbed basal glucaemia. 2. Likelihood of diabetes: age > 45 (4.7 times greater); triglyceridaemia > 250 mg/dl (4.5 times greater); BMI > 27 (2.9 times). CONCLUSIONS: High prevalence of DM, with high proportion known through primary care. We know the prevalence of disturbed basal glucaemia. DM-related risk factors in our population were: age > 45, BMI > 27 and hyper-triglyceridaemia. Our primary care focus can better manage the resources dedicated to DM.


Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology , Adult , Aged , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Societies, Medical , Spain/epidemiology , United States
9.
Aten. prim. (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 27(3): 178-182, feb. 2001.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-2193

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Conocer la prevalencia de diabetes mellitus (DM) y glucemia basal alterada (GBA) en la población mayor de 24 años y su relación con los factores de riesgo de convertirse en diabético. Diseño. Estudio poblacional, descriptivo y transversal. Emplazamiento. Marco comunitario, comarcal (Baix Ebre-Montsià-Terra Alta), atención primaria (9 áreas básicas de salud). Pacientes. Habitantes (132.938) de las 3 comarcas más meridionales de Cataluña, mayores de 24 años (106.551). Intervenciones. Aleatorizamos desde la base de datos del Servicio Informático del Instituto Catalán de la Salud (cobertura 100 por ciento), para una prevalencia estimada del 15 por ciento, pérdidas del 20 por ciento, intervalo de confianza del 95 por ciento y precisión del ñ 5 por ciento, una muestra de 245 personas (estudiamos 198). Informamos a cada médico de sus pacientes a investigar. Si el paciente era diabético su médico cumplimentaba un cuestionario; si no, además solicitaba 2 glucemias en ayunas en el laboratorio de referencia. Mediciones y resultados principales. Utilizamos los criterios diagnósticos y de cribado de la ADA-1997 y obtuvimos los siguientes resultados: 1. Prevalencia de DM, 14,1 por ciento (1,5 por ciento nuevos diagnósticos); de GBA, 4 por ciento. 2. Probabilidad de ser diabético: edad > 45 años (4,7 veces más), trigliceridemia > 250 mg/dl (4,5 veces), IMC > 27 (2,9 veces). Conclusiones. Alta prevalencia de DM con elevado porcentaje conocido por la atención primaria. Sabemos la prevalencia de la GBA. Los factores de riesgo relacionados con DM en nuestra población son: edad > 45 años, IMC > 27 e hipertrigliceridemia. Nuestra dirección de atención primaria podrá gestionar mejor los recursos destinados a la DM. (AU)


Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Adult , Aged , Male , Female , Humans , Societies, Medical , Spain , Risk Factors , United States , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Diabetes Mellitus
10.
Aten Primaria ; 22(5): 308-13, 1998 Sep 30.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9835138

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To find what factors explain best the pride of belonging to a public health enterprise. DESIGN: A descriptive crossover study. SETTING: One primary care CHS. PARTICIPANTS: Staff of 363 from Tortosa's Primary Care administrative staff. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: All the employees were sent a self-filling questionnaire on the quality of their professional life. 232 returned the questionnaire filled in (63.9%). They showed an average value for the overall quality of professional life (5.40 +/- 2.09). The general profile covered the following perceptions taken together: sufficient intrinsic motivation; in a work-place with sufficient responsibility, training and social support; associated with enough work-load; with some emotional support from the managers; having some inconveniences caused by work. The pride in belonging to the CHS was high (6.86 +/- 2.50), with those over 45 giving a significantly higher average reply. Among doctors, pride was significantly lower. The multiple regression model identified three significant variables which explained 67.5% of the variability in the pride of belonging to the CHS: recognition of effort, being properly trained for their current job and length of service. CONCLUSIONS: a) Professionals are quite proud of belonging to the CHS. b) Their perception of the quality of professional life is average.


Subject(s)
Attitude of Health Personnel , Public Health , Quality of Life , Adult , Analysis of Variance , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Public Health/statistics & numerical data , Regression Analysis , Spain , Surveys and Questionnaires , Workforce
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