ABSTRACT
Inoculation of hamadryas baboons with blood of leukemia ill people-induced malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in experimental animals for a very considerable latency period. At close contact of inoculated baboons with healthy non-inoculated animals, the lymphoma spread between them. The epidemiological analysis, postmortem examination, histological analysis, tissue culturing, and PCR were used for the diagnostics of lymphoma and pre-lymphoma, purification, identification of STLV-1, and HVP viruses. Characteristic clinical and morphological signs designated by us as pre-lymphoma often precede the lymphoma development. In some cases, pre-lymphoma does not develop in lymphoma because animals die from various diseases and do not reach the point of the lymphoma development. The horizontal transmission of lymphoma arising with the participation of T-lymphotropic retrovirus STLV-1 is shown.
Subject(s)
Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/veterinary , Monkey Diseases/transmission , Papio hamadryas , Animals , Female , Humans , Leukemia/blood , Leukemia/physiopathology , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/etiology , Monkey Diseases/etiology , Papillomaviridae/physiology , Simian T-lymphotropic virus 1/physiologyABSTRACT
In 2007, numerous hamadryas baboons (Papio hamadryas) died suddenly in an aviary of a primate institute in Sochi, Russia, in the absence of prior clinical signs. Necropsies were suggestive of encephalomyocarditis virus infection, but RT-PCR assays with commonly used primers were negative. Here we report the histopathological results obtained during necropsies and the isolation and genomic characterization of a divergent strain of encephalomyocarditis virus 1 (EMCV-1) from heart tissue of one of the succumbed hamadryas baboons. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that the isolated virus belongs to the newly proposed EMCV-1 lineage G, which clusters alongside lineage C ("Mengo virus"). This study is the first report describing a lineage G strain of EMCV-1 as the etiological agent of a lethal disease outbreak among captive nonhuman primates in Europe.
Subject(s)
Cardiovirus Infections/epidemiology , Disease Outbreaks , Encephalomyocarditis virus/genetics , Genome, Viral , Papio hamadryas/virology , RNA, Viral/genetics , Amino Acid Sequence , Animals , Animals, Zoo , Autopsy , Cardiovirus Infections/mortality , Cardiovirus Infections/pathology , Cardiovirus Infections/virology , DNA, Complementary/chemistry , DNA, Complementary/genetics , Encephalomyocarditis virus/classification , Encephalomyocarditis virus/isolation & purification , Encephalomyocarditis virus/pathogenicity , Heart/virology , Phylogeny , Russia/epidemiology , Sequence Alignment , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Sequence Homology, Amino AcidABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: In spring 2009 in Adler colony of the Institute of Medical Primatology, a large enzootic outbreak of acute intestine infection associated with pathogenic E. coli occurred and caused 5% mortality of population (209 animals). METHODS: The epidemiological analysis, bacteriological investigation, postmortem examination, histological analysis, and PCR were used to identify the infectious agent. RESULTS: Marked hemorrhagic diathesis, lethargy, dehydration, diarrhea with blood, wasting, and sometimes dystrophic changes in articular cartilages were noted. Morphologically, hemorrhagic enterocolitis and massive hemorrhages were found. PCR investigation of bacteriologically isolated E. coli characterized it as enteropathogenic and enteroinvasive E. coli. CONCLUSIONS: The outbreak in Adler colony slightly differed from similar outbreak in Florida in 2014 by more marked hemorrhagic diathesis and articular changes in some monkeys caused by polyavitaminosis developed in the course of infection. Sensitive to infection were M. mulatta, M. fascicularis, Cercopithecus aethiops, P. hamadryas and anubis, and Cebus capucinus.
