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Cir. pediátr ; 25(3): 159-162, jul.-sept. 2012. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-110140

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Presentar nuestra experiencia en el manejo profiláctico mediante tiroidectomía del carcinoma medular tiroideo, revisando la correlación entre los hallazgos clínicos, analíticos, histopatológicos y genéticos en sujetos con síndrome de neoplasia endocrina múltiple tipo 2A (MEN 2A) y carcinoma medular familiar de tiroides (CMFT).materiales y métodos. Estudio retrospectivo mediante revisión de historias clínicas de pacientes con diagnóstico de MEN 2A o CMFT, derivados a nuestra consulta tras consejo genético desde 1997 hasta 2011. Se analizaron las variables sexo, edad al diagnóstico y a la cirugía, valores pre y postoperatorios de calcitonina (y metanefrinas en pacientes con MEN 2A), hallazgos histopatológicos, seguimiento y supervivencia. Resultados. Se identificaron 13 pacientes con antecedentes familiares de CMT, 9 mujeres y 4 varones, 11 portadores de mutación en protooncogén RET para MEN 2A y 2 no portadores (CMFT). La edad media al diagnóstico fue 4,2 años (rango: 1,8-8,2). Todos los pacientes fueron tratados mediante tiroidectomía total con una edad media de 6 años (rango: 4,1-8,5). Los hallazgos histopatológicos demostraron 7 casos de hiperplasia nodular de células C, 2 microcarcinomas, 1 carcinoma multicéntrico, 1 tiroiditis linfocitaria y 2 sin evidencia de enfermedad. La calcitonina preoperatoria estaba elevada en 3 casos, coincidiendo en uno con histopatología de microcarcinoma. Todos los pacientes se encuentran libres de enfermedad.Conclusiones. La tiroidectomía profiláctica precoz es la única herramienta preventiva y curativa para el CMT en pacientes susceptibles genéticamente de padecerlo. Es imprescindible la creación de equipos multidisciplinarios (Endocrinología, Genética Clínica y Cirugía Pediátrica) para el estudio, manejo y seguimiento de los pacientes con MEN 2A y sus familias (AU)


Objective. To present our experience in the prophylactic management of the medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), reviewing the correlation between clinical, analytical, histopathological, and genetic findings on subjects with type 2A multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN 2A) and familial MTC.material and methods. A retrospective study was done by reviewing the medical records of patients diagnosed with MEN 2A or familial MTC, between 1997 and 2011. The variables studied were sex, age at the time of diagnosis, age at the time of surgery, pre and post operative Calcitonin levels, pre and post op Metanephrine levels in patients with MEN 2A, histopathological findings, follow up and overall survival.Results. Thirteen patients were identified with family history of MTC, 9 females and 4 males. Eleven carriers of mutation on RET proto-oncongene for MEN 2A and no carriers for Familial MTC. The median age at the time of diagnosis was 4.2 years (range: 1.8 to 8.2). All patients were treated with total thyroidectomy, with a median age of 6 years (range: 4.08 to 8.5). The histopathological findings demonstrated 7 cases of C-Cells nodular hyperplasia, 2 micro-carcinomas, 1 multicentric carcinoma, 1 lymphocytic thyroiditis and 2 without evidence of disease. Elevated pre operative Calcitonin levels were found in 3 cases, correlated with one histopathological finding of micro-carcinoma. All patients are disease free.Conclusion. In patients with genetic predisposition to suffer the disease, early prophylactic thyroidectomy is the only current available approach to prevent and cure MTC.The creation of a multidisciplinary team (Endocrinology, clinical genetics, and pediatric surgery), is necessary to study, manage and follow up patients with MEN 2A and their families (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Thyroidectomy , Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia/complications , Thyroid Neoplasms/complications , Retrospective Studies , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ret/genetics , Genetic Association Studies/methods
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