ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate the in vivo aberrometric performance of two phakic intraocular lenses (PIOLs); the Visian implantable contact lens (ICL) and the AcrySof Cachet PIOL. METHODS: Thirty eight eyes from 29 patients with an age range of 23-32 years and more than 9 D of myopia were divided into two groups; one group of 20 eyes received a Visian ICL model V4c, another group of 18 eyes received an AcrySof Cachet PIOL. Total higher order aberrations (HOAs) root mean square, total coma, and total spherical aberrations were recorded pre and 6 weeks postoperatively to evaluate and compare the aberrometric performance of the Visian ICL and the AcrySof Cachet PIOL implanted in highly myopic patients. RESULTS: Preoperatively, there were no significant differences in any studied parameters, except for preoperative spherical equivalent. Postoperatively, there were no statistically significant differences in the induction of HOAs between both PIOLs. The reduction in spherical aberrations was statistically significant in each group as well as in all study patients. CONCLUSION: Both AcrySof Cachet PIOL and ICLs are effective phakic implants to correct high refractive errors. They both induce small amounts of negative spherical aberration that do not affect the total HOAs, yet reduce the positive ocular spherical aberration. This result is expected to improve the quality of vision in such patients.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy of intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) or epithelial laser in situ keratomileusis (Epi)-LASIK using Goldmann applanation tonometry, air puff tonometry, ocular response analyzer corneal compensated IOP (ORA IOPcc) and Pentacam corrected IOP. METHODS: A prospective comparative clinical study was conducted between February and September 2011 on 30 eyes divided into four groups, i.e. 20 corneas of 10 patients before LASIK (group A), 20 corneas of the same patients 2 months postoperatively (group B), 10 corneas of five patients before Epi-LASIK (group C), and 10 corneas of the same patients 2 months postoperatively (group D). Patient age ranged from 20 to 50 years. IOP was measured using Goldmann applanation and air puff tonometry, ORA corneal compensation, and Pentacam correction (which also measured central corneal thickness). RESULTS: Significant positive linear correlations were found between IOP values measured by Goldmann applanation tonometry and other techniques, and with preoperative pachymetry in group A. The correlation between preoperative Pentacam-corrected and preoperative ORA corneal-compensated IOP was strongest for Goldmann applanation tonometry (r = 0.97 and r = 0.858 respectively, P < 0.001). Compared with preoperative values, postoperative IOP measured by the four methods were significantly lower. The difference was statistically significant when IOP was measured using Goldmann applanation and air puff tonometry compared with the ORA and Pentacam methods (P < 0.001 for LASIK patients and P = 0.017 for Epi-LASIK patients). Nonsignificant correlations were found between the degree of lowering of postoperative IOP and postoperative pachymetry in groups B and D. CONCLUSION: Refractive surgery causes significant lowering of IOP as measured using Goldmann applanation tonometry, air puff tonometry, ORA compensation, and Pentacam correction. LASIK has a greater effect than Epi-LASIK on IOP measurement error following refractive surgery.
ABSTRACT
We tested the effects of vitamin A supplementation on the antibody titre of 40 healthy volunteers [age range: 10-35 years], who had received a complete course of antirabies vaccine [5 injections over 30 days]. After determining the baseline serum vitamin A status of 80 volunteers, 20 pairs were matched for serum vitamin A level, body mass index, age, sex and socioeconomic status. One person from each pair was randomly assigned to an experimental or control group. The experimental group received vitamin A and antirabies vaccine. Controls received only the vaccine. The experimental group had significantly greater [2.1 times] serum antirabies titre than controls. This finding is an important step towards improving the economy of dosage of antirabies vaccines