Association of body dysmorphic disorder with anxiety, depression, and stress among university students.

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to estimate the prevalence of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) and identify its association with depression, anxiety, and stress. METHOD: We conducted a cross-sectional study in Jeddah, KSA. In 2019, a validated questionnaire with items on sociodemographic characteristics and body dysmorphic disorder, as well as the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale - 21 items (DASS 21) was distributed to 1,112 students of King Abdulaziz University. SPSS version 23 was used for data analysis, which included descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and binary logistic regression models. The association was presented as an odds ratio (OR) along with its 95% confidence Interval (CI). RESULTS: The overall prevalence of BDD was 13.9% (95% CI of 11.8-16.2.) with the highest reported sites being the skin (81.6%) and waist (68.8%). BDD was found to be a significant predictor of depression with an OR of 4.2 (95% CI 2.9-6.1), anxiety OR of 2.2 (95%1.6-3.2), and stress OR of 3.2 (2.2-4.7). Females were significantly associated with anxiety, OR of 1.4 (95% CI 1.1-1.9) and stress, OR of 1.5 (1.1-2). Affiliation to the administration, arts, humanities, and social colleges was also a significant predictor of anxiety as reflected by an OR of 1.4 (95% CI 1.1-1.8). CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows that BDD is relatively common among university students in Jeddah and associated with depression, anxiety, and stress.

Utilizing the KCNJ11 Gene Mutations in Spotting Egyptian Patients With Permanent Neonatal Diabetes Who Can Benefit From Treatment Shift.

BACKGROUND: Neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) is a monogenic form of diabetes mellitus. Until now, patients in developing countries who had this condition had been misdiagnosed as having type 1 diabetes mellitus and accordingly directed to erroneous, ineffective, and costly therapeutic regimens. OBJECTIVE: To detect Egyptian patients who harbor pathological variant in the KCNJ11 gene, so that their treatment regimen can be modified as needed to increase its effectiveness. METHODS: We sequenced KCNJ11 in 17 ethnic Egyptian probands diagnosed with diabetes mellitus before age 2 years. RESULTS: A preliminary case individual harboring a KCNJ11 pathological variant (p.R201H) was identified. The patient was successfully shifted from insulin therapy to sulfonylurea. Four previously identified benign variants, namely, E23K, I337V, L270V, and A190A, were detected in this patient. CONCLUSION: Implementing the findings of this molecular analysis could have a major clinical and nationwide economic impact on world health, especially in developing countries.