Risk factors and types of recurrent stroke: a Saudi hospital based study.

[Purpose] To identify the risk factors and the stroke types in recurrent stroke patients of Madinah Al-Munawarah city. [Participants and Methods] A prospective research hospital based study was conducted through the year of 2014. The patients were entered in the study when they had recurrent cerebrovascular accident led to hospital admission. All details of patients were obtained include history, demographic data, risk factors and stroke types. [Results] Ninety-four (83.9%) ischaemic strokes, 12 (10.7%) intercerebral hemorrhage strokes and 6 (5.4%) undefined out of 112 patients had recurrent stroke found in this study. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factors (90.2%) followed by diabetes mellitus (62.5%) and ischaemic heart disease (51.8%). [Conclusion] Hypertension, diabetes, and ischaemic heart disease in particular were exhibited to be crucial risk factors for stroke recurrence in this study. Future studies are needed for secondary prevention planning.

Right versus left side bridge static endurance ability among healthy collegiate students at Taibah University.

BACKGROUND: Spinal muscles endurance is fundamental for providing adequate trunk stability. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the side bridge static endurance ability of the right versus left side. METHODS: Forty right hand dominant students, aged between 18 and 25 years, were recruited from Taibah University. Every participant had to lie down on his side and bear trunk weight on the arm with shoulder abducted to 90∘ and elbow flexed to 90∘. Every participant had to lift off his trunk of the supporting surface, keeping the trunk straight in neutral position, breathing normally and holding on that position as long as tolerated. RESULTS: A paired sample t test was calculated. The mean score, in seconds, for right side bridge was 41.6 (SD = 30.08), and for left side bridge was 38.00 (SD = 26.93). No significant difference was found between right and left side bridge endurance ability [t (39) = 1.67, p> 0.05]. Pearson correlation showed high positive correlation [r (38) = 0.89, p< 0.001]. CONCLUSIONS: Among healthy participants, clinicians should expect very close endurance profile for the musculature of the two sides of trunk. Clinicians should equally train both sides of trunk muscles stabilizers in order to enhance tolerance.

Incidence of First Time Stroke: A Saudi Experience.

BACKGROUND: Stroke is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. A number of studies were conducted in Saudi Arabia. However, there were no studies conducted in Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah city. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to ascertain the incidence rate of first time stroke and the age-specific incidence in both genders in Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah city. METHODS: A prospective hospital based study was conducted over a 1-year period (2014). The cases were included in the study when they were admitted with a diagnosis of cerebrovascular accident. RESULTS: A total 164 patients (91 men and 73 women) who had first time stroke were found in this study with no significant difference between them (p = 0.565). The crude incidence rate of stroke was 13.89 per 100,000 persons. The age-specific incidence rate increased with age in the current study, where the peak was in the age group of more than 75 years old for men and women. CONCLUSIONS: Total crude and the age-specific rates for first time stroke patients revealed in this study were markedly lower than the range reported from the developed countries. However, they were within the range that showed previously in Saudi Arabia and Arabian Peninsula countries.