ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of pain relief of Sucralfate and lidocain antacid 50:50 solution in post esophageal variceal band ligation pain. METHODS: All patients who had under gone Esophageal Variceal Band Ligation (EVBL) were included in the study. Patients un-willing to be included in the study or those who didn't have post EVBL pain were excluded. Patients with post EVBL pains were divided into two groups: one group was given sucralfate and other was given lidocaine: antacid 50:50 solution. Both were inquired about the duration of the pain relief after the medication. The results were analyzed on SPSS 23. Independent samples T-test was performed to find out whether the difference in duration of pain relief was significantly different in the two groups. RESULTS: Out of 110 patients who have EVBL, 66(60.00%) had pain and 44(40.00%) were pain free. In the pain group 46 (69.7%) were given sucralfate and 20 (30.3%) were given lidocain: antacid 50:50 solution. Mean duration of pain relief in two groups was 2.78 (SD ± 2.096) and 2.5 days (SD ±. 0.76) respectively. Independent samples T-test results revealed that there was no statistically significant difference in the duration of pain relief between these two groups with p value 0.426. CONCLUSION: Both Sucralfate and Lidocain: antacid 50:50 solutions are effective in relieving the post EVBL pain. However, no statistically significant difference in duration of pain relief was detected in separate groups of patients treated with either treatment.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To find out the frequency of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy and its identification parameters. METHODS: The cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the Department of Medicine and the Department of Obstetrics, Combined Military Hospital, Kharian, from October 2013 to March 2014, and comprised all pregnant patients having symptoms suggestive of intrahepatic cholestasis which was confirmed after systemic inquiry, examination and biochemical analysis. Patients with cholestasis due to another reason, coagulopathies, thrombocytopenia and tumours were excluded. The patients were followed up till delivery to see the effects of cholestasis on mother and child. RESULTS: Out of 1001 obstetric patients, 31(3.1%) had intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. Pruritus was the main symptom in 25 (85%) patients followed by rash in 20 (65%). In 20 (64%) patients, labour was induced. Mode of delivery was Caesarean Section in 18 (58%) patients and 9 (29%) had postpartum haemorrhage. Regarding neonatal complications, 22 (70%) required admission to neonatal intensive care and 15 (48%) had meconium aspiration. CONCLUSIONS: A high frequency of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy was observed. It had significant impact on maternal and foetal health.
Subject(s)
Cholestasis, Intrahepatic , Pregnancy Complications , Adult , Cesarean Section/statistics & numerical data , Cholestasis, Intrahepatic/complications , Cholestasis, Intrahepatic/diagnosis , Cholestasis, Intrahepatic/epidemiology , Cholestasis, Intrahepatic/physiopathology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Intensive Care Units, Neonatal/statistics & numerical data , Meconium Aspiration Syndrome/epidemiology , Meconium Aspiration Syndrome/etiology , Meconium Aspiration Syndrome/therapy , Pakistan/epidemiology , Postpartum Hemorrhage/epidemiology , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Complications/diagnosis , Pregnancy Complications/epidemiology , Pregnancy Complications/physiopathology , Pregnancy Outcome , Pruritus/epidemiology , Pruritus/etiologyABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Thrombocytopenia has been frequently observed in plasmodium vivax malaria in different studies. Finding out the severity of thrombocytopenia--is perhaps equally important, as it has practical as well as prognostic implications. The objective of the study was to assess the severity of thrombocytopenia in patients suffering, from malaria caused by plasmodium vivax. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was carried out at Combined Military Hospital (CMH) Malir, Karachi, which is a tertiary care Hospital for all military personnel & their families in the province of Sindh. All patients of smear positive Vivax malariaduring the study period were, included, and those having thrombocytopenia from any other reason were excluded. They were treated with antimalarial drugs and their platelet counts were monitored till they normalized and discharged from the hospital. Thrombobytopenia was defined as platelets count of <150,000/cu mm. Results were. analysed by SPSS 11. RESULTS: Out of 150 cases, 133 (88%) had thrombocytopenia. Their ages ranged from 15 to 55; mean age was 35 with SD +/- 20. Low platelet count observed was between 11,000 and 146,000/cu mm with SD +/- 27404. Mean value was 79,832/cu mm. None of the patient had any bleeding episode requiring a blood transfusion. CONCLUSION: Plasmodium vivax associated thrombocytopenia has a benign outcome. irrespective of severity of the platelet counts.
