ABSTRACT
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of sleep disorders in a population of Nigerian women during pregnancy and to evaluate the frequency of these sleep disorders according to the three trimesters of pregnancy. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A prospective cross-sectional design. Participants' were interviewed at the antenatal clinic with a questionnaire to evaluate their sleep during and before pregnancy and to appraise disturbance in their sleep according to the trimester. RESULTS: Two hundred and three pregnant women participated in the survey and were evaluated at one of three points in pregnancy: 1st trimester (n=57), 2nd trimester (n=71) and 3rd trimester (n=75). Overall, the prevalence of sleep disorder in the population surveyed was 35.5% (72/203), more women experienced sleep disturbances in the first (42.1%) and third (40%) trimester of pregnancy compared to the second (25.3%). In terms of types of sleep disorders; 96(47.3%) reported insomnia, 32(15.8%) sleep breathing disorders, 86(42.4%) excessive daytime sleepiness, 172(84.7%) mild sleepiness and 64(31.5%) significant specific awakenings. The most common reason for specific awakening was frequent urination (78.6%). These sleep disorders were more common in the third trimester of pregnancy but only insomnia and specific awakenings showed statistical significance, p=0.007 and 0.031 respectively. Logistic regression model showed that nulliparity, increased BMI and previous adverse obstetric events had significant independent associations with sleep disorders. CONCLUSION: Sleep disorders are common in pregnancy, notably in the first and third trimesters.
Subject(s)
Pregnancy Complications/epidemiology , Sleep Wake Disorders/epidemiology , Adult , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Nigeria , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Trimesters , Prenatal Care , Prevalence , Prospective Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Tertiary Care CentersABSTRACT
A retrospective study was carried out on 60 children under 12 years of age with penetrating eye injuries. This formed 28.7% of all penetrating eye injuries seen in the University College Hospital, Ibadan. Corneal lacerations extending to the limbus was the main type of injury occurring in 65% of the patients. In all, 63% of the patient were males. Visual outcomes was poor in this age group with only 19.3% (11 patients) retaining good vision of 6/12 or better.
Subject(s)
Eye Injuries, Penetrating/etiology , Eye Injuries, Penetrating/surgery , Accidents, Home , Age Distribution , Child , Child, Preschool , Eye Injuries, Penetrating/classification , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Nigeria , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Sex Distribution , Treatment Outcome , Urban Health , Visual AcuityABSTRACT
A study of 352 randomly selected secondary school girls in an urban population in Southern Western Nigeria revealed a mean menarcheal age of 13.94 +/- 1.31 years and that 76.8% of girls attained menarche between ages 13 and 15 years. Age-matched pre- and post-menarcheal girls did not differ significantly in biophysical measurements, however, nutritional status was strongly and positively associated with attainment of menarche. School girls from the upper socio-economic class reached menarche 11 months earlier than the lower socio-economic counterparts. A significant finding of this study is that the declaration rate in age at menarche was slowest in girls from high socio-economic households. This deceleration was not influenced by body mass suggesting that socio-economic factors play a unique role in the secular trend widely reported in menarcheal age.
