Epidemiological characteristics of different types of adult acne in Turkey: a prospective, controlled, multicenter study.

INTRODUCTION: Acne occurring in adults over the age of 25 years is known as acne tarda or adult acne. Three types of adult acne are recognized: persistent, late-onset, and recurrent acne. Most studies do not compare the characteristics between the three variants. In addition, little is known about adult acne in males. This study describes the epidemiological factors of adult acne and investigates certain triggering factors by sex and different types of adult acne. METHODS: A multicenter, prospective, descriptive study was conducted. Patients with adult acne and an acne-free control group were compared regarding medical history, family history, smoking and drinking habits, and dietary factors. In addition, triggering and prognostic factors were investigated by sex and three different types of acne: persistent, late-onset, and recurrent acne. RESULTS: The participants included 944 (88.56%) female and 122 (11.44%) male patients with adult acne, and 709 (73.85%) female and 251 (26.15%) male control patients. The consumption of crackers, chocolate, and pasta was significantly more common in the acne group than in the control group (p = 0.017, 0.002, and 0.040, respectively). Male patients with adult acne had a significantly longer disease duration than female patients with adult acne (p = 0.024). The most common type of acne was recurrent acne, followed by persistent and late-onset acne. Among patients with persistent acne, 14.5% had polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), whereas 12.2% of patients with recurrent acne and 11.1% of patients with late-onset acne had PCOS. Severe acne was more common in the persistent acne type (28.13%). The cheek (59.90%) was the most common involvement area, and stress (55.23%) was the most common triggering factor regardless of sex. CONCLUSIONS: Although adult female and male patents with adult acne share similar triggering factors, the involvement areas can differ, which may indicate the additional hormonal etiology of female adult acne. Further epidemiological studies on adult acne in both sexes may illuminate the pathogenesis of the disease, thus making possible the development of new treatment strategies.

The effect of COVID-19 on development of hair and nail disorders: a Turkish multicenter, controlled study.

BACKGROUND: A broad spectrum of skin diseases, including hair and nails, can be directly or indirectly triggered by COVID-19. It is aimed to examine the type and frequency of hair and nail disorders after COVID-19 infection. METHODS: This is a multicenter study conducted on consecutive 2171 post-COVID-19 patients. Patients who developed hair and nail disorders and did not develop hair and nail disorders were recruited as subject and control groups. The type and frequency of hair and nail disorders were examined. RESULTS: The rate of the previous admission in hospital due to COVID-19 was statistically significantly more common in patients who developed hair loss after getting infected with COVID-19 (P < 0.001). Telogen effluvium (85%) was the most common hair loss type followed by worsening of androgenetic alopecia (7%) after COVID-19 infection. The mean stress scores during and after getting infected with COVID-19 were 6.88 ± 2.77 and 3.64 ± 3.04, respectively, in the hair loss group and were 5.77 ± 3.18 and 2.81 ± 2.84, respectively, in the control group (P < 0.001, P < 0.001). The frequency of recurrent COVID-19 was statistically significantly higher in men with severe androgenetic alopecia (Grades 4-7 HNS) (P = 0.012; Odds ratio: 2.931 [1.222-7.027]). The most common nail disorders were leukonychia, onycholysis, Beau's lines, onychomadesis, and onychoschisis, respectively. The symptoms of COVID-19 were statistically significantly more common in patients having nail disorders after getting infected with COVID-19 when compared to the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The development of both nail and hair disorders after COVID-19 seems to be related to a history of severe COVID-19.

Patient Use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine for Psoriasis Vulgaris and Factors Believed to Trigger the Disease: a Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study With 1621 Patients.

Introduction: Due to the chronic recurrent nature of psoriasis vulgaris (PV) and lack of definitive treatment for the disease, patients often resort to alternative treatments. Physicians seem to have low awareness of this issue. Objectives: To elicit the perceptions of 1,621 PV patients on complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) and examine factors reported to worsen PV. Methods: The patients sociodemographic characteristics, Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI), Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), disease duration, and severity were recorded, and the patients CAM use was questioned in detail. The patients were also asked about factors that worsened PV and their experiences with a gluten-free diet. Results: Of the patients, 56.51% had used CAM. The mean age, illness duration, PASI scores and DLQI of those using CAM were significantly higher. CAM use was significantly higher in those with facial, genital involvement, and arthralgia/arthritis. The patients mostly referred to CAM when PV became severe (46.4%). Of the CAM users, 45.52% used herbal topicals. The physicians of 67.03% did not inquire whether they used CAM. Of the participants, 37.73% considered that stress worsened their disease. Gluten-free diet did not affect PV symptoms in 52.22%. Conclusions: Patients CAM use is often overlooked by dermatologists. Our results showed that more than half the patients used CAM and did not share this information with their physicians. Therefore, the awareness of physicians should be increased and patients should be asked about the use of CAM and directed to the appropriate medical treatment options by physicians.

Habits of Using Social Media and the Internet in Psoriasis Patients.

Introduction: Psoriasis significantly affects the patients quality of life, which often leads patients to seek online information about this disease. Objectives: To explore the habits of patients with psoriasis related to their use of social media (SM) and the internet to obtain information about their disease. Methods: 1,520 patients completed the survey and the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) questionnaire. The Psoriasis Area Severity Index scores (PASI) and clinical data of the patients were recorded by their physicians. Results: Of the 1,114 patients that reported using SM and internet, 48.38% regularly and 31.14% sometimes resorted to obtain information about psoriasis. The use of SM and internet for psoriasis was statistically significantly higher among young people (P = 0.000), those with university or higher education (P = 0.009), higher DLQI (P = 0.000) and PASI (P = 0.011) scores, facial (P = 0.050), scalp (P = 0.032), hand (P = 0.048), genital (P = 0.001) and inverse (P = 0.000) involvement, and arthralgia/arthritis (P = 0.006). The participants mostly used the Google (86%) and Facebook (41%). More than half of the participants (62.8%) expected dermatologists to inform society that psoriasis is not contagious. Conclusions: Internet and SM being widely available and offering substantial information to be easily accessed make it very attractive for patients to use these platforms to investigate diseases, including psoriasis. If what is presented on SM conflicts with what the physician says, patients mostly trust the latter, but at the same time, they tend not to share the results of their online inquiries with their physicians.

Is the Frequency of Seborrheic Dermatitis Related to Climate Parameters?

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of seborrheic dermatitis (SD) by months and seasons in Istanbul, Turkey, and to examine the relationships between SD frequency and meteorological data, such as average temperature (°C), average humidity (%), average sunshine duration, and solar radiation per months. Methods: The study was conducted at Dermatology Department of Haseki Training and Research Hospital. The data of all adult patients who applied to the dermatology outpatient clinic between June 2018 and May 2020 were obtained. Monthly average climate data values of Istanbul between the same period were requested from the Turkish Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, General Directorate of Meteorology. Results: During the study period, SD was diagnosed in 5316 patients (5.9% of the outpatient clinic). Among these, 2721 (51.2%) were male, 2595 (48.8%) were female, and mean age was 35.9±15.1 years-old. With respect to monthly distributions, SD frequency was 7.3% in December, 7.1% in February, 6.7% in November, and 6.6% in January; whereas June (3.8%) and July (3.9%) represented the lowest proportion of patients. Frequency of SD was similar in the autumn and winter seasons, despite considerable difference in average temperature. The frequency of SD was found to be strongly and inversely correlated with temperature values (r=-0,646, p<0.001) and monthly maximum humidity value (r=-0.609, p=0.001), while it was also moderately correlated with solar radiation levels (r=-0.442, p=0.027). Minimum or average humidity values and sunshine durations (daily and monthly) were not associated with frequency of SD. Spearman's Rho correlation was calculated to assess the directional relationships between continuous variables. Conclusion: Our study shows that environmental factors such as low temperature, low ultraviolet index, and low humidity are critical factors that increase the likelihood of SD development. These data support previous studies in terms of indicating that SD frequency might be increased in climate conditions favoring the growth of Malassezia species.

Adherence to systemic therapy in patients with psoriasis during the COVID-19 pandemic: A multicenter study.

BACKGROUND: Adherence to treatment is important in chronic dermatological diseases. There are limited data regarding the adherence to treatment in patients with psoriasis during the COVID-19 pandemic. AIMS: We aimed to determine the rates of adherence to systemic treatments in patients with psoriasis and to identify the causes of non-adherence during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional multicenter study from May 2021 to August 2021. A questionnaire including items regarding sociodemographic characteristics of the patients, disease-related characteristics, and treatment-related characteristics were filled out by the physicians. The Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI), Hospital Anxiety, and Depression Scale, and the Dermatology Life Quality Index were calculated. The rate of adherence and non-adherence to treatment and reasons for non-adherence to treatment were examined. RESULTS: A total of 342 patients with psoriasis were included (182 male/160 female) in the study. The mean age of the patients was 45.9 ± 14.2 years. The average duration of psoriasis was 192 ± 134.7 months. While the rate of adherence to treatment was 57.6%, the rate of non-adherence to treatment was 42.4%. There were no significant differences with respect to adherence to treatment in comparison with oral and injection-therapy groups. The most frequent reasons for non-adherence to treatment were inability to go to the hospital (19.2%), concern about the COVID-19 infection (16.3%), discontinuation of the treatment by the doctor (13.7%), inability to reach the doctor (7.3%), and inability to have access to the medication (7.3%). CONCLUSION: Adherence to oral and injection therapies was fairly high among our patients with psoriasis during the COVID-19 pandemic. Psoriasis severity and duration of medication use had a negative impact on adherence to treatment.

Evaluation of the relationship between Behcet's disease and cardiovascular disorders through metabolic function and copeptin.

INTRODUCTION: Behcet's disease (BD) is a chronic inflammatory and multisystem vasculitis. Cardiac involvement is one of the major complications of BD. Cardiac involvement is sporadic in terms of its specific relationship to mortality. How to identify and follow up on cardiac-related complications in BD patients has yet to be determined. AIM: The aim of our study is to assess cardiovascular diseases in BD patients by measuring metabolic function and copeptin levels and comparing these to a healthy control group. Knowing the specific metabolic functions that are negatively affected by BD will help doctors determine which functions need to be more closely monitored in BD patients. Our study is the first study in the available literature that evaluates copeptin in BD patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A control group of 58 healthy volunteers, including 32 females and 26 males (average age: 39.8 ±10.3 years, range: 18-50 years), was formed to compare with 84 BD patients (average age: 40.5 ±11 years, range: 21-63 years), including 39 females and 45 males. Diastolic and systolic blood pressure, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), and waistline were measured for both groups. All study patients were also given hemograms, and fasting blood sugar (FBS), uric acid, lipid profile, insulin, C-reactive protein (CRP), and copeptin levels were measured. An ELISA Kit was used to measure copeptin. RESULTS: FBS, CRP, and insulin levels were significantly higher in the patient group (p < 0.001, p = 0.004, and p = 0.038, respectively). Patients who had had the disease for more than 10 years had higher BMIs, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and triglyceride (TG) levels (p = 0.034, p = 0.004, p = 0.016, and p = 0.045, respectively). Additionally, CRP levels were found to be higher in long-term patients and patients with active lesions. Diastolic blood pressure and waist circumference were also higher in the BD group. Patients who had active lesions had significantly higher diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.047). There were no statistically significant differences in copeptin levels between BD and control groups. CONCLUSIONS: Cardiovascular involvement rarely contributes to the high mortality rate of BD patients. There were meaningful elevations in metabolic markers identified when BD and cardiovascular disease risk was assessed with metabolic parameters. The cardiac disease risk should be closely followed using metabolic functions, particularly in long-term BD patients with vascular involvement.

Coexistence of morphea and granuloma annulare: a rare case report

ABSTRACT CONTEXT: Localized scleroderma (morphea) is characterized by fibrosis of skin and subcutaneous tissue. Granuloma annulare is a relatively common disease that is characterized by dermal papules and arciform plaques. CASE REPORT: Here, we present the case of a 42-year-old woman who developed granuloma annulare on the dorsum of her feet and abdominal region, and morphea on the anterior side of her lower limbs. We also discuss the etiological and pathogenetic processes that may cause the rare coexistence of these two diseases. CONCLUSION: Only a few cases in the literature have described coexistence of morphea and granuloma annulare.

Coexistence of morphea and granuloma annulare: a rare case report.

CONTEXT: Localized scleroderma (morphea) is characterized by fibrosis of skin and subcutaneous tissue. Granuloma annulare is a relatively common disease that is characterized by dermal papules and arciform plaques. CASE REPORT: Here, we present the case of a 42-year-old woman who developed granuloma annulare on the dorsum of her feet and abdominal region, and morphea on the anterior side of her lower limbs. We also discuss the etiological and pathogenetic processes that may cause the rare coexistence of these two diseases. CONCLUSION: Only a few cases in the literature have described coexistence of morphea and granuloma annulare.

Vascular twin nevi.

Vascular twin nevi (VTN) are characterized by the simultaneous dermatological manifestatiton of a telangiectatic naevus close to a nevus anemicus. Nevus anemicus (NA) is a vascular anomaly characterized by localized pale patches with normal melanine and melanocyte level. According to twin spotting phenomenon crossing-over in heterozygous somatic-cells during mitosis results in two different offspring homozygous cells. Consequent to this mechanism, two different vascular anomalies may occur at the same region. We present a patient with VTN and NA combination which we think serves as an example for a rare twin spotting phenomenon in the literature.