ABSTRACT
Behçet's disease is a systemic autoimmune vasculitis. Although various clinical findings can be observed depending on the pathologic features caused by the blood vessels involved, the classic triad of the disease includes oral aphthae, genital ulcers, and uveitis. Although complications involving the aorta or the vena cava inferior can prove fatal, thrombophlebitis in the superficial veins of the lower extremities are more commonly observed. Some patients can remain asymptomatic for a long period after the diagnosis. In patients with positive pathergy test findings, trauma can trigger the inflammatory cascade. This case report presents a patient with vasculitis that occurred subsequent to minor surgery and led to amputation of the great toe in a female patient with a 14-year old history of Behçet's disease.
Subject(s)
Amputation, Surgical/methods , Behcet Syndrome/complications , Minor Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Nails/surgery , Toes/surgery , Behcet Syndrome/diagnosis , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Minor Surgical Procedures/methods , Nail Diseases/etiology , Nail Diseases/physiopathology , Nail Diseases/surgery , Risk Assessment , Toes/physiopathology , Treatment Outcome , Young AdultABSTRACT
Thymoquinone (TQ) is a plant extract that has been shown to have antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects. Because of these activities, the authors hypothesized that TQ would reduce inflammation and oxidative stress and accelerate wound closure in a rat model of deep second-degree burns. For the purposes of this study, 40 Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups of eight rats each. Group 1 was the control group, group 2 was the silver sulfadiazine group, group 3 was treated with systemic TQ, group 4 received topical TQ, and group 5 was administered topical and systemic TQ. After the deep second-degree burn damage was created, daily dressing changes and TQ administration were continued in the study groups for a period of 21 days. Systemic TQ was administered intraperitoneally at a dose of 2 mg/kg/day, whereas the topical treatment was applied using a 0.5% solution. The changes in the wound site were observed macroscopically, histopathologically, microbiologically, and biochemically in all groups. The smallest necrotic areas were observed at the end of the study in the groups that were administered a combination of systemic and topical TQ, or solely topical TQ (6.1 ± 1.6 cm and 6.7 ± 0.4 cm, respectively), whereas the largest necrotic areas were observed in the control group (11.2 ± 1.2cm). The total antioxidant state levels in the control group were significantly lower than in the other groups (P < .05), whereas the total oxidative stress levels were lower in the TQ groups compared with the control group (P < .05). The lowest bacterial counts were observed in the groups treated with both topical and systemic TQ (P < .05). TQ given systemically and/or topically reduced inflammation and oxidative stress and accelerated the rate of wound closure or reepithelialization.
Subject(s)
Benzoquinones/pharmacology , Burns/drug therapy , Wound Healing/drug effects , Administration, Topical , Animals , Biopsy, Needle , Burns/pathology , Disease Models, Animal , Immunohistochemistry , Injections, Intramuscular , Injury Severity Score , Oxidation-Reduction/drug effects , Oxidative Stress/physiology , Random Allocation , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Reference Values , Silver Sulfadiazine/pharmacology , Statistics, Nonparametric , Treatment Outcome , Wound Healing/physiologyABSTRACT
In this study, our aim is to compare the efficacy of different topical antibacterial agents in a rat model contaminated with a multi drug resistant (MDR) standard Acinetobacter baumannii strain. The study was carried out on 40 Sprague-Dawley rats of 250-300 g each. For the purposes of this study, the rats were divided into 5 groups, with 8 rats in each group: Group 1 control; Group 2 silver sulfadiazine; Group 3 mupirocin; Group 4 Acticoat group; and Group 5 octenidine dihydrochloride group. Following to the formation of the full-thickness burn areas in rats, the MDR A. baumannii standard strain was inoculated into the burned area. The rats in all the groups were sacrificed at the end of the 10th day and subjected to histopathological and microbiological evaluation. In the histopathological evaluation, the lowest inflammatory cell response and bacterial density in the eschar and muscle tissues were observed in the Acticoat group. While these results were found to be statistically significant compared to the silver sulfadiazine group, only the bacterial density in the muscle tissue was found as significant in comparison to the mupirocin and octenidine groups. In the microbiological evaluation, the lowest growth in the muscle tissue culture among all the groups was observed in the Acticoat group. The growth in the eschar tissue culture was significantly lower in the Acticoat and octenidine groups in comparison to the silver sulfadiazine group. At the end of the study, it has been observed that Acticoat was effective both in eschar and muscle, while octenidine was effective in eschar tissues in a rat burn model contaminated with MDR A. baumannii.
