ABSTRACT
There was studied the physical development of 4550 schoolchildren of the city of Ufa at the age from 8 to 16 years. Almost a third of the students was noted to have disharmonious physical development. The proportion of children with excess of body weight exceeds the proportion of underweight children in 2 times. Modern schoolchildren of middle and senior age groups were established to have higher indices of height and weight in comparison with peers at the end of twentieth century, and in younger schoolchildren the indices are higher than in their peers in 2004.
Subject(s)
Adolescent Development , Anthropometry , Child Development , Students/statistics & numerical data , Adolescent , Body Mass Index , Body Size , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Russia , Student Health Services , Urban Population/trendsABSTRACT
The mental health status of a rising generation is a necessary condition for acquiring professional knowledge and work skills and socializing the personality. In the opinion of many investigators, schoolchildren's mental health maintenance depends on the correct organization of a teaching process and on the observance of the hygienic academic work standards to a large measure. The assessment of organization of a teaching process at different types of urban general educational establishments has revealed a number of failures to observe the sanitary-and-epidemiological regulations and standards of SanPin 2.4.2.1178, these failures being most pronounced at innovational schools of mainly liberal education (gymnasia). Comparative assessment of the emotional status of pupils from the schools being examined, by studying the rates of anxiety and depression, has indicated that mental dysadaptation of pupils from innovational schools is significantly higher than that in those from secondary general educational ones. Mental dysadaptation is more evident in gymnasium pupils than that in lyceum ones. The evaluation of the impact of an academic load at the examined schools on the development of mental dysadaptation in the pupils has confirmed that there is a direct correlation with their emotional status in terms of the rates of anxiety and depression, suggesting that an academic load plays a key role in the development of mental dysadaptation in pupils and that there is a need for searching for the most effective and acceptable mechanisms of its optimization in order to prevent mental dysadaptation in schoolchildren.
Subject(s)
Adolescent Development/physiology , Child Development/physiology , Hygiene , Schools/organization & administration , Students , Teaching/organization & administration , Urban Population , Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Mental Health , Retrospective Studies , RussiaABSTRACT
The integrated assessment of urban general educational establishments has revealed that teaching conditions at most of them do not meet the requirements of hygiene and the natural science bases of age-related psychophysiology. Only at the recently commissioned schools, the teaching conditions are recognized to be acceptable and they may become optimal on remedying flaws in the organization of a teaching-and-educational process. The conditions at other earlier built schools are moderately hazardous. The routine and organization of a teaching-and-educational process have more significant deviations at innovational schools than those at secondary general education ones. Disadvantages in the organization of medical provision are more frequently observed at innovational schools too. The negative impact of higher loads at innovational schools can be leveled, by actively introducing into an educational process the health-preserving and health-improving technologies that should be employed by teachers and medical workers.
