Determinants of outcomes in chronic pediatric peritoneal dialysis: a single center experience.

BACKGROUND: In situations where it may take a long time to perform renal transplantation peritoneal dialysis may become a long-term maintenance treatment, especially in countries with low donor rates. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate peritonitis, catheter revision and survival rates in children on chronic peritoneal dialysis (CPD); and to define related factors in a single tertiary center from a WHO upper middle income country. METHODS: Between January 1998 and September 2018, data of pediatric patients receiving CPD with a followup longer than 3 months were retrospectively analyzed. Demographic, clinical and catheter-related data were collected. Patients were grouped as being operated before/after 2009 in order to evaluate the effects of 2 different periods on outcomes. RESULTS: A total of 229 catheters in 132 patients were included in the study. The female to male ratio was 60/72. The mean age at the time of dialysis was 8.9 ± 5.5 years. The median follow-up period was 22.5 months (IQR 8.25-50; range 3-139). Peritonitis incidence in 1998-2008 and 2009-2018 periods was 0.13 episodes/patient-year and 0.09 episodes/ patient-year, respectively. The overall revision rate was 1 per 46.7 patient-months. Peritonitis history was the only independent risk factor for access revision (p=0.003). Peritoneal dialysis failure was observed in 25% (33/132) of patients. The need for catheter revision due to any cause, the presence of peritonitis, history of HD and infancy were independent risk factors for PD failure. The overall mortality rate was 15.2%(20/132). Having a history of temporary PD catheter placement and being infant were independent risk factors for mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Access revision is still an important complication leading to PD failure despite the development of surgical techniques. Peritonitis is the most important cause of access revision and PD failure.

Comparison of transurethral resection and plasmakinetic transurethral resection applications with regard to fluid absorption amounts in benign prostate hyperplasia.

INTRODUCTION: We compare the absorption of irrigant fluid during gyrus plasmakinetic transurethral prostatectomy (PK-TURP) and transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). PATIENTS AND METHODS: 42 patients with clinical benign prostatic hyperplasia were randomly assigned to undergo PK-TURP or TURP. In the PK-TURP group 0.9% NaCl was used as an irrigation fluid and 1.5% glycine in the TURP group. By adding ethanol to the irrigation fluids 1% ethanol-containing solutions were formed. All operations were carried out under spinal anesthesia and alcohol concentration of the ventilated air measurements were made just at the beginning of the operation, every 10 min peroperatively and at the end of the operation by using an alcoholmeter. RESULTS: There was no difference in age, prostate volume and the length of operation time in either group. In both groups, the estimated absorbed fluid volume increased with the duration of surgery (p < 0.05). The difference between mean fluid absorption during PK-TURP and during TURP was the statistically significant (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: PK-TURP operation causes lesser absorption of the irrigation fluid than the TURP operation. The lesser absorption of irrigation fluid and using saline instead of glycine decreases the risk of TUR syndrome.