ABSTRACT
The results of the pulmonological examination, carried out with the use of the indirect immunofluorescence test, of 134 children aged 1 month to 14 years in the course of acute pneumonia are presented. Antibodies to the surface components of Streptococcus pneumoniae cells were detected in the blood of all patients, local humoral immunity prevailing over systemic immunity at the acute period of the disease. Early and intensive formation of antipneumococcal antibodies was shown to occur during the first week of the disease. The lowest and least stable antipneumococcal immunity appeared in acute pneumonia in children during the first 3 years of life, though in one-fourth of these patients high antibody levels were observed. The early use of antibiotic therapy induced the pronounced suppression of the formation of these antibodies. Acute respiratory viral and mycoplasmic infections did not influence on the synthesis of antipneumococcal antibodies during acute pneumonia in children.
Subject(s)
Antibodies, Bacterial/biosynthesis , Immunity/physiology , Pneumonia, Pneumococcal/immunology , Streptococcus pneumoniae/immunology , Acute Disease , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect , Humans , Infant , SerotypingABSTRACT
The complex microbiological study of tracheobronchial washings and the detection of antibodies to surface components of whole bacterial cells in the indirect fluorescence test permitted the determination of the pneumococcal etiology of acute pneumonia (AP) in 134 children aged 1 month to 13 years (97.1%). In the course of AP 13 patients (9.4%) were found to have acute infectious processes caused by Haemophilus influenzae (5 cases), different enterobacteria (4 cases), Moraxella catarrhalis (2 cases), as well acute infectious destruction of the lungs and pyopneumothorax (1 case), whose etiological factors were Staphylococcus aureus and nontyping H. influenzae strains.
Subject(s)
Pneumonia, Bacterial/etiology , Acute Disease , Adolescent , Antibodies, Bacterial/blood , Bacteria/classification , Bacteria/immunology , Bacteria/isolation & purification , Bronchi/microbiology , Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Infant , Pneumonia, Bacterial/diagnosis , Pneumonia, Bacterial/microbiology , Serotyping , Trachea/microbiologyABSTRACT
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection often causes death after organ transplantation. Therefore, adequate prevention, diagnosis and treatment of this complication are of critical importance. The experience of establishing routine PCR-detection of CMV is presented. A widely accepted PCR protocol was used for clinical purposes. The strategy included 3 steps: 1) PCR amplification of CMV-sequences from leukocytes of patients; 2) visualization of PCR-product in polyacrylamide gel; 3) verification of the identity of PCR product by its hybridization to a membrane-bound specific probe. This approach allowed to detect CMV infection in 10 out of 28 bone marrow and in 4 out of 32 kidney recipients. The administration of specific antiviral treatment led to the elimination of CMV sequences from the blood.
Subject(s)
Bone Marrow Transplantation , Cytomegalovirus Infections/diagnosis , DNA, Viral/isolation & purification , Kidney Transplantation , Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , Cytomegalovirus Infections/drug therapy , Cytomegalovirus Infections/genetics , DNA Probes , Humans , Transplantation, HomologousABSTRACT
Acute respiratory superinfections (ARS) induced by secondary nosocomial respiratory pathogens and characterized by the subsequent generalization of the process have been reported as one of the main contributions to pediatric inpatient mortality. The recurrent infections were observed in all types of hospitals; they might be induced by the whole group of respiratory pathogens, but adeno-, coronaviral and pneumococcal ones are predominating. The ARS clinical picture showed various patterns determined both by the etiology of basic and recurrent infection and by a child's immunity. There was a correlation between the severity of ARS and the level of specific immunoglobulins, especially of secretory origin.
Subject(s)
Cross Infection/mortality , Respiratory Tract Infections/mortality , Acute Disease , Child , Cross Infection/epidemiology , Cross Infection/microbiology , Hospital Mortality , Humans , Incidence , Recurrence , Respiratory Tract Infections/epidemiology , Respiratory Tract Infections/microbiology , Severity of Illness IndexABSTRACT
The study assessed functional condition and restructuring of renal tissues, correlations between some clinical and morphological parameters in 250 patients suffering from chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) with secondary hypertension (SH) and in 47 CGN patients with isolated urinary syndrome (IUS). Mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis (MSPG) was diagnosed in 173 patients (143 with SH, 30 with IUS), membrano-proliferative glomerulonephritis (MPG) in 69 (56 with SH and 13 with IUS), membranous glomerulonephritis in 37 patients (33 with SH, 4 with IUS), focal-segmentary with SH in 11 and minimal glomerulonephritis in 7 patients. The comparison revealed significant differences in arterial pressure (AP) and more severe renal lesions in SH than in IUS. The analysis of renal tissue restructuring showed SH patients to develop vascular and tubulointerstitial disorders along with glomerular hyalinosis indicative of AP rise with progressing sclerotic involvement specific for various morphological forms. This is confirmed by a significant correlation between glomerular hyalinosis and AP in MSPG with SH and MPG with SH, while in other morphological forms these are absent. The results suggest dissimilar mechanisms of SH progression in various CGN morphological patterns.
