[Enzymatic activity of some tissues and blood serum from animals and humans exposed to microwaves and hypothesis on the possible role of free radical processes in the nonlinear effects and modification of emotional behavior of animals]. / Fermentnaia aktivnost' nekotorykh tkanei i syvorotki krovi zhivotnykh i cheloveka pri vozdeistvii mikrovoln i gipoteza o vozmozhnoi roli svobodnoradikal'nykh protesssov v nelineinykh éffektakh i modifikatsii émotsional'nogo povedeniia zhivotnykh.

The dependence of activities of actomyosin ATPase, alkaline phosphatase, aspartataminotranspherase, monoaminoxidase and that of affective rat behavior on frequency of modulation of microwaves (0.8-10 microW/cm2) was explored at short-time actions. Series of nonlinear phenomenons, inexplicable from positions of the energy approaches are revealed, The working hypothesis explaining opportunity of high performance of weak and super-weak microwaves and other revealed phenomena by resonance interaction of such electromagnetic radiofrequency radiation with paramagnetic molecules of biological tissues was proposed. This resonance interaction activate free radicals and initiate auto-supporting and auto-intensifying of chain chemical reactions. The spontaneous autocatalytic oxidation of catecholamines enlarges a common pool of free radicals, capable to participate in such enhanced generating. The protective role of monoaminoxidase is postulated. Monoaminoxidase is basically located on an outer surface of mitochondrias and it is deaminating monoamines. The deaminating prevents penetration of catecholamines inside of mitochondrias and their quinoid oxidation there with formation of free-radical semi-quinons, capable to destroy system of ATP synthesis. These inferences are obliquely confirmed by the experimentally revealed correlation between activity of monoaminoxidase and integrative activity of the rat brain.

[The effect of low intensity electromagnetic irradiation on hydration of DNA film]. / Ussledovanie vliianiia EMI maloi intensivnosti na gidratatsiiu plenok DNK.

By using the IR-spectroscopy it has been shown that electromagnetic radiation (frequency 8.15-10.0 GHz, energy flux density 5 microWt/cm2) reduces the rate of water desorption from DNA films. It was found that the irradiation of samples with high humidity did not change spectral characteristics of DNA molecules in the range of 900-4000 cm-1, that means their molecular structure remains intact. At the same time the irradiation changed conformation liability of these biopolymeric molecules, that is their ability of conformational transformations under the influence of outer factors. Drying of non-irradiated humid films induced rapid (for a few minutes) transition of DNA from B to A conformational state, whereas in the irradiated films this transition took several hours after humidity reducing.

[Effect of low-intensity pulse-modulated microwave on human blood aspartate aminotransferase activity]. / Issledovanie izmeneniia aktivnosti aspartataminotransferazy syvorotki krovi cheloveka pri nizkikh amplitudno-modulirovannykh SVCh EMI-vozdeistviiakh.

Pulse-modulated microwaves (frequency 2375 MHz, intensity: 2 microW/cm2 and 8 microW/cm2, pulse modulation from 50 to 390 Hz with step of 20 Hz; exposure time 5 min) changed the activity of aspartataminotranspherase of the donor blood. Aspartataminotranspherase activity was strongly dependent both on modulation frequency and microwave intensity. Maximum activity was found at 390 Hz and 8 microW/cm2. Maximum observed activity was about six times greater than control level of activity.

[Effect of low intensity pulse-modulated electromagnetic radiation on activity of alkaline phosphatase in blood serum]. / Vliianie intensivnosti SVCh EMI na napravlennost' i vyrazhennost' reaktsii shchelochnoifosfatazy syvorotki krovi pri slabykh amplitudno-modulirovannykh vozdeistviiakh.

The change in alkaline phosphotase activity in vitro with frequencies modulation at low intensity of pulse-modulated electromagnetic radiation was experimentally shown (EMR, 2375 MHz, intensity: 0.8, 8.0; 40.0 microW/cm2; range modulation: 30-310 Hz; time of interaction: 1-3 min). Revealed effects could be regarded as an evidence of informative character of interaction of modulated EMR.

[Resonance phenomena to rhythmic light stimulation with various intensity and frequency in human EEG]. / Rezonansnye EEG-reaktsii cheloveka pri ritmicheskikh svetovykh vozdeistviiakh raznoi intensivnosti i chastoty.

The photoinduced resonance EEG response in the occipital area (O1 and O2) of right-handed men during 12-s intermittent photic stimulation was studied as a function of flash frequency (6, 10, or 16 Hz) and intensity (5 levels from 0.05 to 0.7 J). The EEG power in the narrow band coinciding with stimulation frequency was FFT-extracted in 3-s intervals before, during, and after each stimulation. It was found that increase in flash intensity was accompanied by an enhancement of the resonance EEG response and decrease in time of reaching its maximal value. These changes were to a greater extent characteristic for the right hemisphere. The low-intensity stimulation induced more pronounced resonance effects in the left hemisphere, whereas the high-intensity flashes to a greater extent involved the right hemisphere. The asymmetry of the EEG response to stimulation of the middle intensity was slight, and the time of reaching the maximal level of the resonance activation was about 6-8 s. A relatively high level of the resonance EEG response was observed during stimulation with the frequency of 10 Hz, even in case of its minimal intensity. The most pronounced resonance EEG response was induced in the right occipital area by the high-intensity 16-Hz stimulation. The enhanced sensitivity of the right hemisphere to intensity of flashes is interpreted as an indication of interhemispheric differences in nonspecific adaptive mechanisms of the brain.

[The effect of electromagnetic radiation on the monoamine oxidase A activity in the rat brain]. / Vliianie élektromagnitnogo izlucheniia na aktivnost' monoaminooksidazy A v mozge krys.

The effect of the ultralow power pulse-modulated electromagnetic radiation (EMR, power density 10 microW/cm2; carrying frequency 915 MHz; modulating pulses with frequency 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16 and 20 Hz) on activity of monoamine oxidase (MAO-A), enzyme involved in the oxidative deamination of monoamines, was investigated. It was established that the increase of activity MAO in hypothalamus reached the maximal meaning at modulation frequency of 6 Hz that corresponded 160% (p < 0.01) of the control level; and at modulation frequency of 20 Hz the decrease of enzyme activity up to 74% (p < 0.01) was found. Mainly the action of ultralow power pulse-modulated EMR on activity of MAO in hippocamp was activating; and the maximal increase of enzyme activity up to 174% (p < 0.01) was registered at modulation frequency of 4 Hz.

[The rhythmic structure of the human EEG: the current state and trends of the research]. / Ritmicheskaia struktura EEG cheloveka: sovremennoe sostoianie i tendentsii issledovanii.

During the past decade, spectral analysis has become indispensable instrument for different kinds of EEG processing. With the development of dedicated computer system, investigation of shifts in human EEG rhythm under various conditions has improved considerably. However, it is difficult to make general conclusions from this line of research, since a large number of studies are carried out using the ambiguous experimental approaches and different methods. Present paper aims to evaluate a modern state of the art in the field of human EEG rhythmical structure investigation. The results from recent relevant articles are briefly reviewed according to the universal scheme (EEG rhythm--experimental condition--observed effect). Due to such presentation, the obtained results have been summarized and some tendencies of modern investigations have been revealed. The extension of studied frequency range of rhythmical EEG components to both high (> 35 Hz) and low (< 1 Hz) frequencies, the shift to a more detailed spectral structure analysis simultaneously with ignoring the fixed boundaries of traditional EEG rhythms, the growing attempts to reveal EEG rhythmical structure correlates of cognitive activity, and a wide utilization of dynamic approaches for the analysis of brain electrical activity are discussed in some detail. The observed data are indicate of high functional significance and perspectives of human EEG rhythmical structure investigation.

[Changes in serum alkaline phosphatase activity during in vitro exposure to amplitude-modulated electromagnetic field of ultrahigh frequency (2375 MHz) in guinea pigs]. / Izmenenie aktivnosti shchelochnoi fosfatazy v syvorotke krovi morskikh svinok in vitro pri deistvii amplitudno-modulirovannogo sverkhvysokochastotnogo élektromagnitnogo polia (2375 MHz).

The activity of alkaline phosphatase by the action of pulse-modulated microwave radiation was studied. The carrier frequency of radiation was 2375 MHz, the range of modulation pulse rate was 10-390 Hz with the on-off time ratio 2, and the specific absorption rate was 8 and 0.8 microW/cm2. Time of exposure was 1 and 3 min under conditions of continuous temperature control. It was shown that the activity of alkaline phosphatase depends on both modulation frequency and intensity of superhigh-frequency electromagnetic radiation. At a frequency of 70 Hz, the activity of alkaline phosphatases increased 1.8-2.0 times.

[Influence of electromagnetic fields on the emotional behaviour of rats]. / Vliianie élektromagnitnogo izlucheniia na émotsional'noe povedenie krys.

The effects of ultra low power pulse-width + modulation electromagnetic radiation (EMR, power density 10 mc/Wt/cm2, carrying frequency 915 MHz, modulating pulses with frequency 4, 6, 16 and 20 Hz, duration 10 min) on the rat emotional behavior and motor activity in the elevated plus-maze were studied. It was established that EMR (frequency of modulation 4 and 6 Hz) significantly decreased the emotionally negative reactions of anxiety and fear by a factor of 3.7 (p < 0.01) and 4.5 (p < 0.01) correspondingly and increased by a factor of 1.9-2.2 (p < 0.05) exploratory activity. On the contrary EMR (frequency of modulation 20 Hz) significantly increased by a factor of (p < 0.05) emotionally negative reactions of anxiety and fear and decreased by a factor of 1.8 (p < 0.05) the exploratory activity in rats.

Effects of weak microwave fields amplitude modulated at ELF on EEG of symmetric brain areas in rats.

Averaged electroencephalogram (EEG) frequency spectra were studied in eight unanesthetized and unmyorelaxed adult male rats with chronically implanted carbon electrodes in symmetrical somesthetic areas when a weak (0.1-0.2 mW/cm) microwave (MW, 945 MHz) field, amplitude-modulated at extremely low frequency (ELF) (4 Hz), was applied. Intermittent (1 min "On," 1 min "Off") field exposure (10-min duration) was used. Hemispheric asymmetry in frequency spectra (averaged data for 10 or 1 min) of an ongoing EEG was characterized by a power decrease in the 1.5-3 Hz range on the left hemisphere and by a power decrease in the 10-14 and 20-30 Hz ranges on the right hemisphere. No differences between control and exposure experiments were shown under these routines of data averaging. Significant elevations of EEG asymmetry in 10-14 Hz range were observed during the first 20 s after four from five onsets of the MW field, when averaged spectra were obtained for every 10 s. Under neither control nor pre- and postexposure conditions was this effect observed. These results are discussed with respect to interaction of MW fields with the EEG generators.

[Effects of 2375 MHz pulse-modulated microwave radiation on ATPase activity of the rat muscle actomyosin]. / Deistvie impul'sno-modulirovannogo mikrovolnovogo izlucheniia 2375 MGts na ATFaznuiu aktivnost' aktomiozina myshts krys.

Solution of rat muscle actomyosin (AM) was exposed to pulse-modulated microwave. Carried frequency was 2375 MHz. The rectangular pulse modulation was in the range of 50-300 pulses per second. It was shown that AM activity was dependent both on modulation frequency as well as on microwave intensity. It was shown the frequencies of modulation which were changed ATP-ase activity of AM.

[Effects of prolonged low-intensity radiofrequency radiation in cm-range on the development of subcutaneously grafted Ehrlich's adenocarcinoma]. / Vliianie dlitel'nogo nizkointensivnogo vozdeistviia radiochastotnogo izlucheniia santimetrovogo diapazona na podkozhno privituiu adenokartsinomu Erlikha.

White mongrel male mice with subcutaneously grafted Ehrlich adenocarcinoma were exposed at week intervals to three three-day sessions of low-intensity (5 microWt/cm2) super short wave-therapy from two generators of oscillating frequency in the range of 2-18 GHz. As a result of treatment, the increase in tumour size was diminished, and the probability of its reverse development was increased, with animal lethality being decreased. During a month the recovery was increased from 0 to 50% in the first experiment and from 38.3% to 60% in the second. In the third experiment, the recurrence during a 72-day observation period was showed in none of the recovered mice.

[Radioprotective effect of low-intensity radio-frequency centimeter-band waves in lethal gamma irradiation]. / Radioprotektornoe deistvie nizkointensivnogo radiochastotnogo izlucheniia santimetrovogo diapazona voln pri smertel'nom gamma-obluchenii.

Primary investigations have been carried out to determine whether low-intensity EMR of a cm range exerts the radioprotective effect. Prior to gamma-irradiation with doses LD100/30 and LD60/30 mice were exposed for 23 h to 2-8 GHz microwaves with a swing frequency of 12-14 Hz, at energy flow density of 5 +/- 1.5 mu Wt/cm2. Survival and time of death of mice were registered during a month. With absolutely lethal doses of gamma-irradiation, the application of SHF EMR delayed the time of animal death by 2.8-4.2 days and led in one of the experiments to 20% survival of mice. With doses in non-absolutely lethal range, the pretreatment of mice with EMR increased the survival by 20% in two experiments.

[Modification of lethal radiation injury in mice by postradiation exposure to low-intensity centimeter-band radio frequency waves]. / Modifikatsiia letal'nogo radiatsionnogo porazheniia myshei postradiatsionnym nizkointensivnym radiochastotnym izlucheniem santimetrovogo diapazona.

A clearly pronounced modification of acute radiation injury of mice has been obtained by prolonged action (for up to 23 hours) of low-intensity (5 +/- 1.5 mu Wt/cm2) radiofrequency radiation in the ranges of 2-8, 8-18 and 19-27 GHz with a swing frequency of 12-14 Hz, applied immediately after exposure to lethal dose of gamma-radiation. Survival of mice and average life duration of killed mice were increased.

[Action of microwaves with different modulation frequencies and exposure times on GABA receptor concentration in the cerebral cortex of rats]. / Deistvie mikrovoln s raznoi chastotoi moduliatsii i vremenem ékspozitsii na kontsentratsiiu retseptorov GAMK v kore mozga krys.

The effect of 800 mHz microwaves of 0, 3, 5, 7, 16, and 30 Hz modulation on GABA receptor concentration in rat brain cortex has been investigated. Irradiation of the whole body at a modulation frequency of 16 Hz readily decreases the GABA receptor concentration. Irradiation at other modulation frequencies is ineffective. Irradiation of the whole body modulated at 16 Hz with various exposure times (5, 15 and 60 min) has revealed the highest effect at 5 min, while at a longer exposure the effect decreases.

[The effect of ionizing radiation on the binding of muscimol by synaptic membranes in the rat brain]. / Deistvie ioniziruiushchei radiatsii na sviazyvanie mustsimola sinapticheskimi membranami mozga krysy.

A study was made of the effect of gamma-radiation on binding of muscimol, a GABA agonist, by synaptic membranes of rat brain cortex. Exposure to 2 Gy radiation was shown to reduce [3H]-muscimol binding to membranes.

[Effect of electromagnetic radiation of radio frequency (340 and 800 MHz) on liposomes from dimyristoyl lecithin]. / Vliianie élektromagnitnykh izluchenii radiochastotnogo diapazona (340 i 800 MGts) na liposomy iz dimiristoilletsitina.

Using the liposomes prepared from dimyristoyl lecithin at temperature below that of phase transition, its was shown that the annealing of liposomes by 340- and 800-MHz microwave radiation required less integral heating of the samples, than it should be expected from the experiments on heating the samples in a thermostat.