ABSTRACT
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a highly prevalent cardiac arrhythmia that leads to hospitalizations for complications and adverse events each year. Despite significant improvement in our therapeutic approaches in the past decade, management of AF remains a difficult task. Novel therapies have failed to terminate AF and prevent its recurrence, and patients with AF continue to have thromboembolic complications. With the increasingly aging population and associated conditions, the prevalence of AF is expected to progressively increase, becoming a public health problem. Most patients with AF have multiple comorbidities and are of advanced age, making long-term anticoagulation challenging. This article provides an overview of the current pharmacological therapies for the management of AF, with particular emphasis on the emerging agents.
Subject(s)
Atrial Fibrillation/drug therapy , Anti-Arrhythmia Agents/classification , Anti-Arrhythmia Agents/therapeutic use , Anticoagulants/therapeutic use , Antithrombins/therapeutic use , Atrial Fibrillation/complications , Humans , Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Myoglobin-associated kidney injury typically is seen in severe rhabdomyolysis. Nontraumatic rhabdomyolysis may be triggered by direct drug toxicity, drug-drug interactions, and individual patient myopathic risk factors. We present a case of myoglobin-associated kidney failure in the setting of repeated ciprofloxacin administration in a lung transplant patient. Kidney biopsy was critical to establishing the diagnosis and avoiding future exposure.
Subject(s)
Acute Kidney Injury/chemically induced , Anti-Infective Agents/adverse effects , Ciprofloxacin/adverse effects , Myoglobin , Humans , Male , Middle AgedSubject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/complications , Genital Diseases, Female/therapy , Adult , Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6/metabolism , Drug Interactions , Female , Genital Diseases, Female/drug therapy , Humans , Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors/pharmacology , Tamoxifen/metabolism , Tamoxifen/pharmacologyABSTRACT
Premenopausal women with a new diagnosis of breast cancer are faced with many challenges. Providing health care for issues such as gynecologic comorbidities, reproductive health concerns, and vasomotor symptom control can be complicated because of the risks of hormone treatments and the adverse effects of adjuvant therapies. It is paramount that health care professionals understand and be knowledgeable about hormonal and nonhormonal treatments and their pharmacological parameters so they can offer appropriate care to women who have breast cancer, with the goal of improving quality of life. Articles for this review were identified by searching the PubMed database with no date limitations. The following search terms were used: abnormal uterine bleeding, physiologic sex steroids, endometrial ablation, hysteroscopic sterilization, fertility preservation in endometrial cancer, tranexamic acid and breast cancer, menorrhagia treatment and breast cancer, abnormal uterine bleeding and premenopausal breast cancer, levonorgestrel IUD and breast cancer, tamoxifen and gynecologic abnormalities, tamoxifen metabolism, hormones and breast cancer risk, contraception and breast cancer, pregnancy and breast cancer, and breast cancer and infertility treatment.
